New Palace (Darmstadt)

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The western view of the New Palace, the viewer stands in the palace garden
Historical city map of Darmstadt from around 1880, with the five castles or palaces in the city center at that time. The New Palais is marked here with (2)

The New Palace (also known as the Prince Ludwig Palace ) was the last large city residence of the House of Hesse in Darmstadt . It was built in a central location in the city on what was then Wilhelminenplatz . To the west was the associated castle park , called the Palaisgarten , which reached to Marienplatz . Destroyed in an air raid in World War II, the ruins were finally torn down in 1955 to make room for a new development in Darmstadt's inner city.

history

The New Palais in Darmstadt was built in the years 1864/65 in the neo-renaissance style on the site of the botanical garden at that time. The Mainz architect Konrad Kraus designed the city residence on behalf of the English Queen Victoria for her daughter Alice , who had married the future Grand Duke Ludwig IV in 1862 . Later the palace was the residence of the son and successor Ernst Ludwig von Hessen and bei Rhein . He made the New Palais the cradle of Darmstadt Art Nouveau through his keen interest in the blossoming new art direction . Even before the artists' colony was founded, he invited important artists to design rooms in the New Palais in this "modern taste". Even before that, the rooms had been refurbished again and again, for example the equipment of the “Green Salon” in the seventies of the 19th century.

In 1895 Ernst Ludwig's daughter Elisabeth , the "little princess", was born in the New Palais and died in 1903. Her well-known tomb is on the Rosenhöhe .

In 1919 the People's State of Hesse and Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig agreed that the New Palais would become Ernst Ludwig's private property as a box . His court marshal Kuno Ferdinand Graf von Hardenberg moved into an official apartment there.

The New Palais was the seat of the Secret State Police between 1940 and 1944 .

The building formed the western end of Wilhelminenplatz for almost a century until it was destroyed in an air raid on Darmstadt on the night of September 11th to 12th, 1944 . The demolition of the ruin followed in 1955. Reconstruction plans failed. B. the construction of a sound hall according to plans by the architect Paul Bonatz .

Today, the grounds of the New Palace are developed as Georg-Büchner-Platz with the underground car park of the Darmstadt State Theater . The new State Theater has stood on the site of the former palace garden since 1972. The palace has largely been forgotten.

architecture

In the architectural structure one can see Venetian and Roman palace facades , the structure can be traced back to baroque and classical principles. The palace was 64 meters wide and up to 18 meters high. It had a seven-axis central projection and two lateral, slightly lower wings, each with five axes.

The awkwardly chosen floor plan had already led to sharp criticism at the planning time due to its dark rooms and the inefficient sequence of rooms. Right from the start, the complex was intended to represent a representative claim of the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt , as it was not only intended as a prince's palace, but also as Ludwig's residence palace. In 1896/97 Ernst Ludwig had the interior designers MH Baillie Scott and Charles Robert Ashbee , who belonged to the Arts and Crafts Movement , set up and modernize two private rooms, the breakfast room and the reception room. In 1897 Otto Eckmann followed suit with the design of the study and study room. Further modifications and refinements took place around 1900 based on plans by Ludwig von Hofmann . In 1902 a music room was set up based on designs by Joseph Maria Olbrich . A music hall was built in 1914 by Albin Müller (which, however, was not in the place of Olbrich's music room, see Tücks)

literature

  • Petra Tücks: The Darmstadt New Palace. A princely residence between historicism and art nouveau ; Sources and research on Hessian history, vol. 148, Hessische Historische Kommission, Darmstadt 2005, 399 pages, ISBN 978-3-88443-302-7 ( review : Sigrid Hofer, University of Marburg )
  • Fritz Ebner: Das alten Darmstadt , Eduard Roether Verlag, Darmstadt 1965, p. 87

Web links

Views

painting

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ (Ed.) State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse in cooperation with the City of Darmstadt: Kulturdenkmäler in Hessen. City of Darmstadt , Braunschweig and Wiesbaden 1994, ISBN 3-528-06249-5 , p. 125.
  2. ↑ Dr. Tucks: Das Neue Palais in Darmstadt , lecture on March 18, 2004 in the Friedberger Geschichtsverein; accessed on June 2, 2017
  3. ^ Agreement between the former Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig of Hesse, also representing the Grand Ducal House, and the State of Hesse, represented by the entire Ministry on May 6, 1919
  4. ↑ Hardenberg, Kuno Graf von . In: Stadtlexikon Darmstadt , on: darmstadt-stadtlexikon.de
  5. ↑ Bernd Krimmel: Joseph M. Olbrich 1867–1908 . (Exhibition catalog) Darmstadt 1983. p. 142

Coordinates: 49 ° 52 ′ 7.1 ″  N , 8 ° 39 ′ 3.6 ″  E