Rosenhöhe Palace
The Palais Rosenhöhe was a noble modern city palace of the brother of the Hessian-Darmstadt Grand Duke Ludwig IV , Wilhelm von Hessen-Darmstadt , in the park Rosenhöhe, which was laid out eighty years earlier, east of the old town of Darmstadt in Hesse .
location
The palace was part of the Rosenhöhe Park complex. It was only about 200 meters east of the Ostbahnhof of the city of Darmstadt on today's Thießweg, which runs through the park, at about 180 m above sea level. NHN north of the Erbacher Strasse , which borders the park to the south and which today runs north of the B26 towards Dieburg .
Chronicle of the Rosenhöhe
The brief history of the Stadtpalais is closely linked to the Rosenhöhe Park. In 1810, after Wilhelmine , the Baden princess and wife of the then Hessian-Darmstadt hereditary prince Ludwig , who ruled as Grand Duke Ludwig II in the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Rhine from 1830 , commissioned the garden architect Johann Michael Zeyher to acquire the area called "Busenberg" to create a "garden in modern taste". Zeyher, the successor to Friedrich Sckell (1750–1823) horticultural director in Schwetzingen and known for his skills, laid out the park in the style of an English landscape garden with curved paths and many rare trees and bushes. Pavilions and the tea house by Georg Moller (1784–1852), which is still standing today, complemented the park together with a rather modest residential building designed by Georg Moller that the Grand Duchess used as a summer residence. The inscription “This corner of the earth smiles like no other to me” was emblazoned on the simple country house. The Rosenhöhe , now called that by Wilhelmine, served her as a retreat from Darmstadt court life.
The old mausoleum , built in 1826 for her daughter Elisabeth (1821–1826), who died early, established the tradition of the Rosenhöhe as the burial place of the grand ducal family. After Wilhelmine's death, the park fell to her younger son, Prince Carl (1809–1877), who, together with his wife, the Prussian Princess Elisabeth (1815–1885), continued the tradition of the Rosenhöhe as a summer residence. The construction of the shingled garden house , which still exists today, was carried out at this time . After Elisabeth's death, the park became the property of her two sons - Ludwig, who later became Grand Duke Ludwig IV, and Wilhelm. The brothers divided the complex and manifested this division with a wall running through the park.
After the death of Prince Wilhelm and Grand Duke Ludwig IV, the park was completely owned by Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig (1868–1937). He had the New Mausoleum built for his parents and siblings . The building, designed by the architect Karl Hofmann (1856–1933), is modeled on the tomb of Empress Galla Placidia in Ravenna, both inside and out . Grand Duke Ernst-Ludwig also had his daughter Elisabeth , "the little princess", who died at the age of eight, buried in the park. Her grave is adorned with a beautiful angel figure created by the Art Nouveau artist Ludwig Habich (1872–1949).
The heart of the park - the rosarium - was laid out by garden master Ernst-Ludwigs Ludwig Dittmann at the beginning of the 20th century. The aim was to “create a garden the likes of which Germany was not yet familiar with.” To this end, the architectural rigor of Italian gardens was combined with the variety of plants and flowers of English garden art . The Löwentor , created by Albin Müller (1871–1941) and Bernhard Hoetger (1874–1949) for the last exhibition of the Darmstadt artists' colony on Mathildenhöhe in 1914 , was given its place at the entrance to the park in 1926 with clinker pillars redesigned for this purpose. Ernst-Ludwig, who died in 1937, and his widow Eleonore (1871–1937), who died just a month later in the flight accident in Ostend , his eldest son Donatus (1906–1937) and his wife Cäcilie (1911–1937) and their two children found him Park their final resting place.
After the Second World War , several artist and studio houses were built inside the park and near the Löwentor. Some of them are still inhabited by artists today. In the 1970s, a development of the Rosenhöhe was discussed, but the city of Darmstadt and the grand ducal asset management agreed on building only the outskirts of the park in the south and north. In return, most of the interior of the park became municipal property in 1979/1980.
The city had the overgrown and decayed rose garden restored. In addition to the gardener's house, a herb garden was also laid out and, since 1995, a support association Park Rosenhöhe has been supporting the city in its efforts to preserve the park , which is a listed building.
Rosenhöhe Palace
By 1894, originated in the southern part of the park, which also gave the palace its name, according to plans by Gustav Jacobi one in the style of historicism built between elements of neo-Baroque and Neoclassicism schwelgendes Palais , the Prince William (actually Wilhelm Ludwig Friedrich Georg Emil Philipp Gustav Ferdinand by Hesse and the Rhine ) as a residence. The five-axis, two-storey building and two -flight flight of stairs above the entrance portal had completely dome-like attics with ornate dormers at all corners . To the west stood a pillared bay ( standing bay ), which took up almost the entire side and was crowned by an ornate balcony , as found in a much larger form at the New Palace . The floor area was more than 500 square meters and had room heights of up to 4.50 m. The created visual axis led over a terrace with a fountain to the Russian Chapel. Due to the growth of the trees in the park, this line of sight is only perceptible at the visible tips of the golden domes of the Russian Chapel.
After Wilhelm's death in 1900, his nephew Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig inherited the property; from 1903 to 1918 it was the seat of the Prussian ambassadors in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . After the First World War it was converted into apartments.
From 1921 Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig after the death of had Karl Ernst Osthaus the Folkwang-Verlag and the photographer Albert Renger-Patzsch and artist Ernst Fuhrmann , the Palais for their photographic archive available free of charge. This made the publishing house a center for photography of the New Objectivity . After the bankruptcy of the publishing house in 1923, its successor, the Aurigia publishing house, was also able to use the domicile.
On the night of bombing on September 11, 1944, it burned down completely during an air raid on Darmstadt and was almost completely removed in the early 1960s. The last remnants were only removed in the early 1980s.
Today a hornbeam hedge reminds of the outlines of the palace; the preserved entrance portal with the Hessian coat of arms on the eastern front, a newly created fountain with terrace and an explanatory board refer to the previous building. The former gatekeeper's house on Erbacher Strasse , opposite the Ostbahnhof, has also been preserved.
- present
The old coat of arms with the Hessian lion from the entrance portal of the former palace, looking west
Area of the former palace with a hedge that indicates its location and outline. In the middle behind the fountain stood the exposed semicircular bay window
Location of the abandoned palace photographed from Thießweg
View of the roundabout of the Palais from the southwest
literature
- Günter Fries et al .: City of Darmstadt. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , cultural monuments in Hesse .) Vieweg, Braunschweig 1994, ISBN 3-528-06249-5 , p. 387f.
Web links
- www.park-rosenhoehe.info History of the park and palace
- Photo of the palace in side view
Individual evidence
- ↑ also builder of the Wilhelminian style villa in Wolfskehl'schen Park
- ↑ Eckhart G. Franz: Darmstädter Calendar: Data on the history of our city , Justus von Liebig Verlag, 1994, p. 152
- ↑ Auriga: Latin for carter
- ↑ u. a. in Karl Koetschau : Museum Studies: Journal for Administration and Technology of Public and Private Collections , Volume 17, Vlg. Reimer, 1923, p. 98.
- ↑ http://www.michaelkibler.com/?page_id=398 Private website: Background to “Rosengrab”
- ↑ http://www.darmstadt.de/darmstadt-erleben/sehenswuerdheiten/parks-und-gaerten/park-rosenhoehe/index.htm
Coordinates: 49 ° 52 ′ 31.5 " N , 8 ° 40 ′ 34.6" E