Friedrich Ludwig Sckell

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Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell
Bust of Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell

(Clarus) Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell (born September 13, 1750 in Weilburg an der Lahn; † February 24, 1823 in Munich ), knighted at the age of 58, was a German garden designer, founder of the "classic phase" of the English landscape garden in Germany as well as urban planners in Munich. He belongs to the Sckell family of gardeners and painters .

Life

education and profession

Sckell was trained in the court nursery in Schwetzingen . He then worked in Bruchsal , Paris and Versailles . From 1773 to 1776 he worked in England with landscaped gardens in the English style.

After his return from England, Sckell redesigned the Schönbusch Park in Aschaffenburg into an English landscape garden for the Elector of Mainz and Archbishop Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal , as did the former wildlife park within what is now the Schöntal Park . Then he was involved in the redesign of parts of the Schwetzingen baroque garden into a landscape park. In 1789 he was commissioned by Count Benjamin Thompson von Rumford to lay out the English Garden in Munich .

In 1792 Sckell succeeded his father as court gardener in Schwetzingen, and in 1799 he was also appointed garden director for the electoral gardens of the Palatinate and Bavaria. In 1804 he became director of the Hofgarten in Munich, where he completed the English Garden and transformed large parts of the baroque garden of Nymphenburg Palace into a landscaped area. In Munich he worked together with the architect Gustav Vorherr on the planning of the city expansion, in particular the horticultural design, in the course of Sonnenstrasse , Karlsplatz , Sendlinger - and Isartorplatz .

In 1808 Sckell received the Order of Civil Merit of the Bavarian Crown , with which the personal nobility was connected.

family

Sckell came from the family of painters and gardeners of that name . His daughter Theres (1800–1853) married his successor Carl August Sckell , the son of his brother Matthias ; his daughter Friederike (1802–1867) became the wife of Carl Rottmann .

Works

The following list gives an overview of the most famous gardens that Sckell designed:

  • Sckell plan for the redesign of the Mannheim fortifications and first city expansion plan, 1800 (not executed)

  • Sckell plan for the landscaping of the Nymphenburg Palace Park,
    around 1802

  • Sckell plan for the landscaping of the former Amorbach monastery garden, 1803

meaning

Inscription on the memorial column for Ludwig von Sckell at Kleinhesseloher See in the English Garden
Munich-Bogenhausen: memorial plaque for Sckell and Montgelas ( Peter Weidl , 2002)

In 1808 Sckell was accepted as an extraordinary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . In 1823 he died in Munich as director of the court garden. In his honor a monument was erected in the English Garden.

Sckell is considered to be the founder of the classical phase of the English landscape garden in Germany, which he also presented to the German specialist audience with his work Contributions to Fine Garden Art from 1818. His grouping and planting method is still used in landscape gardens in Germany today.

In memory of Sckell, the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts has been awarding the Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell Ring of Honor to internationally outstanding landscape architects , garden historians and representatives of related professions since 1967 .

tomb

Grave of Friedrich Sckell in the old southern cemetery in Munich, location

Sckell's grave is located in the Old Southern Cemetery in Munich (grave field 6 - row 7 - place 33/34, location ). During his lifetime, Sckell was involved in the landscaping of the Old Southern Cemetery, which the architect Gustav Vorherr had designed in the form of a sarcophagus. Sckell's son-in-law, the painter Carl Rottmann, is also in the grave .

literature

Publications by Sckell

Literature on Sckell

sorted alphabetically by author

  • Juliane von Åkerman: Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell. In: Jürgen Wurst, Alexander Langheiter (Ed.): Monachia . Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-88645-156-9 , pp. 161–162.
  • Jost Albert: On the design principles of the garden artist Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell . In: Gartenlust und Stadtbaukunst - Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell . Booklet accompanying the exhibition at the Academy of Fine Arts. Munich 2000, ISBN 3-930184-22-2 , pp. 55-73.
  • Jost Albert: Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell (1750-1823) - From the court gardener of the Electorate of the Palatinate to the royal Bavarian court garden manager . In: Das Gartenamt 2001 , 50 , Issue 9, pp. 613–618, Patzer-Verlag, Berlin / Hanover, ISSN  0948-9770 .
  • Patrick Düblin: Design of a garden on a scale of 1: 1. Comments on Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell's "method of drawing in nature" . In: Christophe Girot, Patrick Düblin, Isabelle Fehlmann (eds.): On a wrong way. Pamphlet 23 . Zurich 2019, ISBN 978-3-85676-395-4 , pp. 73–80.
  • Franz Hallbaum: The landscape garden. Its origin and its introduction in Germany by Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell 1750–1823 . Hugo Schmidt, Munich 1927 = Phil. Diss., Munich 1926.
  • Volker Hannwacker: Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell. The founder of the landscape garden in Germany . Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1992. ISBN 3-421-03012-X
  • Oswald Hederer: Munich architecture around 1800 . Munich 1952 = habilitation thesis at the Technical University of Munich.
  • Rainer Herzog: Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell and Nymphenburg. On the history, design and maintenance of the Nymphenburg Palace Park . Munich 2003, ISBN 3-932982-52-5 .
  • Iris Lauterbach (Ed.): Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell. 1750-1823. Garden artist and city planner . In: Die Gartenkunst  14 (2/2002) = special edition of the Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2002. ISBN 3-88462-190-4
    • Jost Albert: Meadow valleys and hills with Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell. Principles, work technique, artistic quality , pp. 274–288.
    • Hans-Christoph Dittscheid: Vitruvius rebirth in the midst of nature. On the role of architecture in Sckell's concept of the landscape garden , pp. 311–325.
    • Rainer Herzog: The spatial-visual structure of the Nymphenburg Palace Park. Planning - Realization - Conservation , pp. 289–305.
    • Peter Lack: The Sckell family of gardeners and artists , pp. 195–210.
    • Iris Lauterbach: Sckell and France , pp. 221–244.
    • Hans Lehmbruch: "This is how Sckell worked". Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell as an urban planner in Munich , pp. 326–396
    • Michael Seiler: Sckell and Lenné , pp. 306–310.
    • Gerhard Siemon: The fine arts of the gardener Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell. A work of remembrance , pp. 253–273.
    • Jan Woudstra: The Sckell Family in England (1770-1830) , pp. 211-220.
  • Iris Lauterbach:  Sckell, Clarus Friedrich Ludwig von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-428-11205-0 , pp. 95-97 ( digitized version ).
  • Friedrich Otto :  Skell, Ludwig von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 34, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1892, pp. 444-446.
  • Margret Wanetschek: Green spaces in the urban planning of Munich. 1790-1860. Edited by Klaus Bäumler and Franz Schiermeier. Franz Schiermeier Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-9809147-4-7 .

Movies

  • Strolling in Sckell's gardens , BR 2000. A film documentation by Bernhard Graf .

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helga Reucker: Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell . In: The district committee (ed.): 2001 yearbook of the Limburg-Weilburg district . ISBN 3-927006-33-5 .
  2. ↑ Prize Winner Sckell-Ehrenring ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.badsk.de
personal data
SURNAME Sckell, Friedrich Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sckell, Friedrich Ludwig Ritter von (full name); Sckell, Friedrich Ludwig von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German garden designer
DATE OF BIRTH September 13, 1750
PLACE OF BIRTH Weilburg an der Lahn
DATE OF DEATH February 24, 1823
Place of death Munich