Herrnsheim Castle

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Herrnsheim Castle
Herrnsheim Castle

Herrnsheim Castle

Alternative name (s): Herrnsheim Castle
Creation time : 17th and 19th centuries
Conservation status: lock
Standing position : Baron, later Duke and Councilor of State, Peer of France
Place: Worms-Herrnsheim
Geographical location 49 ° 39 '33.1 "  N , 8 ° 19' 47"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 39 '33.1 "  N , 8 ° 19' 47"  E
Herrnsheim Castle (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Herrnsheim Castle

The Herrnsheimer Schloss is a 19th century castle in the Herrnsheim district of Worms in Rhineland-Palatinate .

history

Previous buildings

A document from the 14th century suggests that a court at Herrnsheim could have stood in the same place . The round tower at the western end of the castle is one of the oldest surviving, visible parts of the castle - with the exception of the top floor, an ingredient from the 19th century.

In 1374 the treasurers of Worms , known as von Dalberg , succeeded in having the local rule certified. The contract is a confirmation of the actual circumstances that emerged from 1348. In 1375 Dieter Kämmerer von Worms, called von Dalberg, received Herrnsheim as a fief from the Counts of Leiningen . In 1385 the treasurers also acquired the Herrnsheim property of Count Palatine Ruprecht .
Under Philipp Kämmerer von Worms, called von Dalberg, the castle in Herrnsheim was built in 1460. When the church was expanded between 1470 and 1490, the Ursula Chapel was built as a burial chapel for the chamberlain from Worms zu Herrnsheim, known as von Dalberg . In 1574 the property of the von Dalberg family in Herrnsheim is given as around 250 acres . The acquired goods and rights of those from Dalberg in Herrnsheim are expanded over centuries , partly in cooperation, partly in opposition to their powerful neighbors, the Count Palatine and the Bishopric of Worms .

Philipp I. Chamberlain of Worms expanded the complex in 1460. In the 16th century there was a small palace complex, which on January 30, 1557 named Eberhard I von Dalberg in his will.

Castle building

The castle building was badly damaged in the Thirty Years' War , because in a document from 1635 the place is described as desolate and desolate. In 1689 at the latest, this building was burned down by French troops during the War of the Palatinate Succession . From 1711 the reconstruction took place under the architect Johann Kaspar Herwarthel . The surrounding walls of the main building up to the second floor date from this phase. In 1770 the farm buildings surrounding the courtyard were erected. In the first coalition war in 1792, the castle suffered great damage when Adam-Philippe de Custine occupied the left bank of the Rhine.

Courtyard side

From 1809, Duke Emmerich Joseph von Dalberg had the palace rebuilt in two phases (1809–1813 outside and 1820–1825 inside) according to plans by the Mannheim architect and painter Jakob Friedrich Dyckerhoff (1774–1845) . Johann Philipp Mattlener acted as the responsible site manager .

The daughter of Emmerich Joseph, Marie Louise, widowed Lady Acton, had the castle rebuilt by Ignaz Opfermann from 1837 onwards . This conversion essentially gives it its appearance today: The main building was raised by one storey, surrounded by a surrounding terrace, from which broad stairs lead down, the facade was restructured with the flat three-pronged risalits and the library tower was also given an additional storey and the pinnacle wreath. Noteworthy is the highly decorative cast iron staircase from 1842, one of the earliest of its kind in Germany. The construction project lasted until 1844 and was interrupted for about a year due to a dispute between the client and Ignaz Opfermann. Marie Louise's son, Lord Dalberg-Acton , sold the plant in 1883 to the Worms leather goods manufacturer Cornelius Wilhelm von Heyl zu Herrnsheim . The library was auctioned separately. The castle has been owned by the city of Worms since 1958. An extensive renovation took place in 1981/82.

The castle can be visited as part of a guided tour on the third Sunday of the month at 10.30 a.m. from April to October.

park

Main staircase Library tower
Main staircase
Library tower
Castle Park

A 10.5 hectare park is attached to the castle. Under Heribert von Dalberg , the originally baroque gardens were redesigned into an English landscape park in 1788–1793 according to plans by the garden designer Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell . His student Johann Michael Zeyher continued to expand the park according to Sckell's plans until 1824.

See also

literature

in alphabetical order

  • Friedrich Battenberg : Dalberg documents. Regesta on the documents of the eunuchs of Worms gen. Von Dalberg and the barons of Dalberg 1165–1843 :
    • Volume 1: Documents and copies of the Darmstadt State Archives (Dept. B 15 and O 1 B), the Herrnsheim Parish Archives and the Freiherrlich-Franckenstein Archives in Ullstadt = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/1. Darmstadt 1981. ISBN 3-88443-222-2
    • Volume 2: Documents from the Worms City Archives , the Bavarian State Library in Munich and the Heylshof Art House in Worms; Supplements and lost Dalberg documents in the Darmstadt State Archives (Regesta No. 1666–3385) = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/2. Darmstadt 1986. ISBN 3-88443-237-0
    • Volume 3: Corrigenda, indices and family tables (v. Dalberg and Ulner von Dieburg) = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/3. Darmstadt 1987. ISBN 3-88443-238-9
  • Hans Caspary et al. a .: Rhineland-Palatinate. Saarland. Georg Dehio. Handbook of German Art Monuments . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich. 2nd edition: 1984. ISBN 3-422-00382-7 * Regine Dölling: Worms-Herrnsheim, Schloß . In: Preservation of monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate . Annual reports 14/15 (1959/60), pp. 113–119.
  • Regine Dölling: About the repair work on Herrnsheim Castle. The work of the Mainz architect Ignaz Opfermann . In the preservation of monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate 1979–1981 . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft Worms 1982, pp. 63–67.
  • Jörg Ebeling: Emmerich Joseph von Dalberg (1773–1833) as the client. Herrnsheim Castle at the beginning of the 19th century . In: Der Wormsgau 34, pp. 121–213.
  • Alexander Thon: Herrnsheim . In: Palatinate Castle Lexicon. 2: FH . Kaiserslautern 2002. ISBN 3-927754-48-X
  • Ferdinand Werner : The Dalbergian pleasure garden and Sckell's English facility in Herrnsheim near Worms . In: Die Gartenkunst 5 (1/1993), pp. 159–192.
  • Ferdinand Werner: The Dalbergic Gardens of Herrnsheim - Nicolas de Pigage, Friedrich Ludwig Sckell and Michael Zeyher . In: Die Gartenkunst 32. 1/2020, pp. 107–156.

Web links

Commons : Herrnsheimer Schloss  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Only Caspary, p. 1185, mentions the year 1957.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jürgen Breuer: The expansion of the village and fortifications using the example of Herrnsheim . In: Herrnsheimer Chronik , Worms-Herrnsheim 2007
  2. ↑ Caspary, p. 1185; Beres, p. 141, mentions Wolfgang III. Chamberlain of Worms . Since Philip I lived in Herrnsheim, it can be assumed that the building owner was there.
  3. ^ Battenberg 14/2, Regest 2140.
  4. ↑ Caspary, p. 1185; Arthur Chuquet : L'Expédition de Custine , Paris, 1892.
  5. ↑ Caspary, p. 1185
  6. ↑ Clemens Jöckle : Prussian Influences on Classicist Architecture in the Palatinate . In: Pfälzer Heimat 29 (1978), p. 140, note 12.
  7. ^ Dölling (1982), p. 64.
  8. ↑ Dölling (1982), p. 65; Werner, p. 176.
  9. ↑ Caspary, p. 1185.
  10. ↑ Arnold Kurzynski (ed.): Catalog of valuable and rich library of the castle Herrnsheim at Worms a. Rh. Collected by WH Freiherr von Dalberg, the well-known artistic director of the Mannheim stage and benefactor of Schiller and his son Emmerich Joseph Herzogs zu Dalberg which Monday, October 15, 1883 a. ff. DD. by Fidelis Butsch Sohn (Arnold Kurzyński) in Augsburg [...] it will be publicly auctioned against payment in cash . Augsburg 1883.
  11. ↑ Dölling (1982), p. 63; Werner, p. 176; Carl. JH Villinger: The chamberlain from Worms called von Dalberg and their relationship with Oppenheim . In: 1200 years of Oppenheim am Rhein. City of Oppenheim, Oppenheim 1965, pp. 55-68 (64).
  12. ↑ Caspary, p. 1185.
  13. ↑ On the baroque complex see: Werner, p. 159ff.
  14. ↑ Werner, p. 165ff.
  15. ↑ Presentation of the park maintenance company Schloß Herrnsheim, Worms German Society for Garden Art and Landscape Culture eV