Ignaz Opfermann

The Frankfurt Taunus train station planned by sacrificemann around 1850

St. Kilian, Kostheim

Herrnsheim Castle

Reception building in (Frankfurt-) Höchst

Evangelical Church in Flonheim-Uffhofen

Reception building Oppenheim

Priest house on the St. Jakobsberg, Ockenheim

Ignaz Opfermann (born September 26, 1799 in Mainz ; † January 13, 1866 , ibid) was a German architect and construction clerk in the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

Family and education

Ignaz Opfermann came from a family of carpenters and joiners in Mainz. He was the second son of Adam Opfermann and his wife Sabina, née Bopp (born May 9, 1765, † December 1, 1840). His brother Heinrich (born October 13, 1796; † November 13, 1867) was the principal collector at the Rheinzollamt in Mainz. Ignaz Opfermann attended the Lyceum in Mainz until 1814. He then learned the trade of carpenter from his father and received private lessons in construction. From 1817 he was a student of Friedrich Weinbrenner in Karlsruhe , then in Freiburg im Breisgau , where part of the school had been relocated. There he also attended the university . In the following years he went on educational trips to Italy, especially Rome, Switzerland, France and Germany. He then prepared for the building exam in Mainz and at the same time was employed in 1822/23 as a building assistant to the grand-ducal building director Georg Arnold, who was then renewing the roof of the Mainz Cathedral , which burned out in 1793 . After passing the state examination in 1824, in August of the same year he received the post of master builder for the southern part of the Starkenburg province , based in Bensheim .

On February 28, 1832, Ignaz Opfermann married Josefine Christine Schmalenberger (born March 19, 1809 in Herrnsheim ; † May 22, 1876 in Worms ) in Hofheim (Ried ). They had five children:

• Karl (born November 25, 1832 in Mainz; † June 14, 1840)
• Sabina Auguste (born August 3, 1835 in Mainz, † November 6, 1836)
• Heinrich Wilhelm (born June 9, 1838 in Mainz, † June 30, 1880 in Mainz), chief engineer with the Palatinate Railways
• Theodor Ernst (born August 28, 1840 in Mainz, † November 19, 1859)
• August Rudolf (born June 15, 1844 in Mainz), architect in Mainz.

Ignaz Opfermann died in early 1866 and was buried in the main cemetery in Mainz .

plant

On the recommendation of Georg Moller , Ignaz Sacrificemann was appointed provincial master builder for the province of Rheinhessen in 1832 , a title that was lost with the administrative reform in Rheinhessen on February 4, 1835. He now held the title of master builder for the Mainz building district.

Ignaz Opfermann has worked on numerous construction projects in the Grand Duchy (see: list below). This also included a number of the then highly modern buildings for the railways that were just being built. He designed both the high-rise buildings of the Taunus Railway , as well as the Frankfurt Taunusbahnhof , as well as the high-rise structures along the first line of the Hessian Ludwig Railway from Mainz to Worms and on the Palatinate Maximilians Railway . For his work at the Hessische Ludwigsbahn he was even given temporary leave by the state in order to be able to oversee the building construction of this private joint-stock company. Previously, in 1845, he had already worked on the commission that had laid down the course of the railway line between Mainz and Worms. On all three projects he worked with the engineer Paul Camille von Denis , who was responsible for the railway engineering side of the lines.

With his design for a new Mainz town hall in 1843, Opfermann turned to the neo-renaissance in the style of the early Italian renaissance . This widespread "round arch style" with classicistic elements was derived from the country house and castle building. The fact that he worked as a civil servant for the municipal construction project for a new town hall had to do with the fact that the Mainz city architect Johann Heinrich Hartmann had proven to be the wrong choice. In the impeachment proceedings directed against Hartmann by the municipal council, Ignaz Opfermann certified him incapable.

The renovation and restoration work headed by Ignaz Opfermann is numerous, including at the Katharinenkirche in Oppenheim am Worms Cathedral and the Liebfrauenkirche in Worms . There are also numerous new church buildings and reconstructions. There are also a number of private buildings that come from him, including a number of hotels and inns.

Honors

On December 26, 1845, Ignaz Opfermann received the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Merit and was appointed a first class knight of the order.

On June 29, 1862, he was also awarded the Prussian Royal Crown Order, third class.

Buildings (selection)

• Year unknown, probably between 1824 and 1832: Schoolhouse in Traisa .
• 1824 to 1825 completion of the new building of the Protestant church in Lindenfels in the Odenwald. The design came from Georg Moller, the construction work had begun by victim man's predecessor in the district building authority, the late Johann Heinrich Lautenschläger.
• 1824 or shortly after: conversion of the "Hees'schen Hof" (castle school), Schulgasse 1, Heppenheim , extension of the extension with a clock tower.
• 1826 to 1832 construction management for the new construction of St. George's Church in Bensheim (planning by Georg Moller )
• 1829 to 1832: Evangelical Marienkirche in Schönberg , today a district of Bensheim , on behalf of Prince Ludewig III. to Erbach-Schönberg .
• In the 1830s he was involved in the renovation of Johannisberg Castle for Prince Metternich under Georg Moller .
• Around 1830 Ignaz Sacrificemann built a vineyard house for a private person, probably based on designs by Georg Moller, today: the garden at Nibelungenstrasse 32 in Bensheim.
• From 1831 completion of the Waldensian church in Wembach .
• 1831 to 1834 Evangelical St. Anna Church in Gronau .
• 1834 to 1845 renovation of the Katharinenkirche in Oppenheim.
• 1836 Construction of the parish church of St. Kilian in Kostheim .
• In 1836 the market fountain in Bensheim was built according to a design by Opfermann. It was damaged in the earthquake of February 10, 1871 and redesigned in 1895.
• 1837 to 1839: Construction of the Roman Catholic Bartholomäus School, Krämerstraße 38, in Oppenheim. The building was replaced in 1926 by a new building in an expressionist style.
• 1837 to 1844 conversion and extension of the Herrnsheimer Schloss for the widowed Lady Acton. The project ended in a dispute between the client and the architect.
• 1839/40: Correction House in Zuchthausgasse.
• 1839/40: Buildings on the Taunus Railway , including the station building of
  • Frankfurt Taunusbahnhof , replaced by a new building in 1888.
  • Railway bridge in Nied (It is unclear whether the structure was built by him or by Paul Camille von Denis , who was responsible for the construction of the railway .)
  • Höchst railway station (today: Frankfurt-Höchst ), replaced by a new building in 1880.
  • Flörsheim (Main) train station .
  • Kastel station (today: Mainz-Kastel ), replaced by a new building in 1890.
  • Biebrich station (today: Wiesbaden Ost ), replaced by a new building in 1906.
  • Wiesbaden Taunusbahnhof , shut down and demolished in 1906 in favor of Wiesbaden Hauptbahnhof .
• Evangelical parish church of Eich (Rheinhessen) , construction started in 1839.
• In the 1840s he took over from Moller the commission of Franz Erwein Damian Joseph von Schönborn to renovate the Brömserburg in Rüdesheim .
• 1842: Renovation of the towers and vestibule of the Protestant St. Viktor Church in Guntersblum .
• 1842: Restoration of the north wing of the former Electoral Palace in Mainz.
• 1843 clock tower in Oppenheim (using the remains of a medieval tower).
• 1844: Project for a restoration of the Church of St. Paul in Worms , but this was not carried out.
• From 1843 storage buildings for a new quay at the Mainz Rheinhafen.
• 1845: Secondary school and secondary school for the Israelite Religious Community in Frankfurt am Main , Rechneigrabenstrasse 14.
• 1846 to 1849 Extension of the baroque Protestant church in Uffhofen and its redesign in a historicist style.
• 1847 to 1853 construction of the Mainz – Worms railway line , in particular the reception buildings of the stations that existed at the time, namely from
  • Mainz Central Station . This first train station in Mainz was on the banks of the Rhine and was replaced by today's main train station in 1884 . The station building of offering man was demolished.
  • Laubenheim station (today: Mainz-Laubenheim )
  • Bodenheim train station
  • Nackenheim train station
  • Nierstein train station
  • Oppenheim station
  • Guntersblum train station
  • Alsheim train station
  • Mettenheim station
  • Osthofen station
  • Worms train station
• 1851 to 1855: Buildings along the Palatinate Maximiliansbahn . This also included the reception building of
  • Maikammer station (today: Maikammer - Kirrweiler )
  • Edenkoben station , destroyed in World War II, replaced by a new building in 1956.
  • Edesheim train station
  • Landau station , a wooden building due to military demands from Landau Fortress . It was replaced by a new, permanent building when the station was renovated in 1877.
  • Insheim station
  • Rohrbach (Pfalz) train station
  • Winden station
  • Schaidt train station
  • Weissenburg railway station
• Main synagogue in Mainz, completed in 1853.
• 1857 to 1862: New construction of the monastery church and priest house on the Jakobsberg in Ockenheim .
• From around 1858 to around 1862: renovation of the Worms Cathedral. Among other things, the baroque dome was removed in 1859.
• 1858 to 1862 St. Johannes Church ("Taunusdom") in Kirdorf .
• Restoration of the central castle in Neckarsteinach .
• From 1860 until his death he was in charge of the restoration of the Liebfrauenkirche in Worms .
• 1861/1862: Reconstruction and expansion of the Kästrich site in Mainz after the powder tower explosion in 1857 . The retaining wall and monumental staircase are by Ignaz Opfermann.
• The Gustav-Adolf-Kirche in Nieder-Olm was built from 1861 to 1865 according to plans by Ignaz Opfermann.
• Planning for the building of the Brei'schen Brewery (from 1872: Aktienbrauerei) on the corner of Drususstrasse and Kupferbergterrasse in Mainz.
• During the renovation of the Basilica of St. Marcellinus and Peter in Seligenstadt in 1868/69, designs by Ignaz Opfermann were used posthumously .

Misassignments

The authorship of the bridge towers of the Mainz Südbrücke, built between 1859 and 1862, is attributed to him, but cannot be proven . Presumably they come from Justus Kramer , who was in charge of the building construction of the Hessische Ludwigsbahn AG from 1860. Ignaz Opfermann's work for this private stock corporation ended when the Mainz – Worms railway line was completed in 1853.

The occasional assertion that Ignaz Opfermann was also the master builder of the Mainz Cathedral does not apply (see: Further information ).

More worth knowing

Ignaz Opfermann had been an honorary and corresponding member of the Royal Institute of British Architects since November 6, 1848 .

He was an active member of the Mainz Cathedral Building Association , for which he wrote reports for pending restorations. In the election for cathedral builder in 1858 he ran, but was defeated by Mainz city builder Joseph Laské with 10:11 votes. Even when another election was due after Laské's death in 1865, he was again in discussion. But district architect Metternich from Groß-Gerau was elected.

In 1857 he went on a journey of several weeks through northern Italy.

In 1858 and 1860 he was a member of the board of directors of the Assembly of German Architects .

literature

• Hans Caspary among others: Rhineland-Palatinate. Saarland. Georg Dehio. Handbook of German Art Monuments . 2nd Edition. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1984, ISBN 3-422-00382-7 .
• Hans Döhn: Railway policy and railway construction in Rheinhessen 1835-1914. Dissertation at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 1957.
• Regine Dölling: About the repair work on Herrnsheim Castle. The work of the Mainz architect Ignaz Opfermann . In: Preservation of monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate 1979–1981 . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft , Worms 1982, pp. 63–67.
• Dieter Krienke: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. District Mainz-Bingen 18.1 = towns of Bingen and Ingelheim, municipality of Budenheim, association municipalities of Gau-Algesheim, Heidesheim, Rhein-Nahe and Sprendlingen-Gensingen . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2007, ISBN 978-3-88462-231-5 .
• Dieter Krienke: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Mainz-Bingen district 18.3 = Nierstein-Oppenheim association . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2011, ISBN 978-3-88462-311-4 .
• T. Mellinghoff, D. Watkin: German Classicism: Architecture 1740-1840. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-421-02964-4 .
• Friedrich Schneider: Sacrificial man, Ignaz, Baurath (keyword). In: Representation of the city of Mainz and its monuments. Exhibition 1879. Mainz 1879, pp. 113–115.
• Heinz Schomann : Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Cultural monuments in Hessen. Railway in Hessen 2.1 = railway structures and lines . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse . Theiss publishing house. Stuttgart, 2005, ISBN 3-8062-1917-6 .
• Silvia Speckert: Ignaz Opfermann (1799–1866): Selected examples of his construction work in the vicinity of the city of Mainz = housework to obtain the academic degree of a Magister [!] Artium. Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 1989. Typed. Volume 1: Text, Volume 2: Tables. Mainz City Archives: 1991/25 No. 11.
• Ewald Wegner: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate 2.2 = City of Mainz. Old town . 3. Edition. Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 1997, ISBN 3-88462-139-4 .

Web links

Commons : Ignaz Opfermann  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Ignaz Opfermann in the German Digital Library

Remarks

1. ↑ The birth entry is 4 Vendémiaire [in the year] VIII, according to the French revolutionary calendar , and it is also written "Ignatz", but later uses the form Ignaz ( Mainz City Archives : Collection of birth, marriage and death registers of the 19th century Signature: 50/3, No. 13).
2. ↑ Kapsweyer station was not put into operation until the mid-1870s, even if some sources state otherwise (Heinz Sturm: Geschichte der Maxbahn 1855–1945. In: Modell- und Eisenbahnclub Landau in der Pfalz eV (ed.)) : 125 years Maximiliansbahn Neustadt / Weinstrasse – Landau / Pfalz . 1980, p. 55; Werner Schreiner: The Palatinate Maximiliansbahn opens up the “cattle line.” In: Ortsgemeinde Steinfeld (Hrsg.): Steinfeld 1250 to 2000. A border village in times of change . 2000, p. 552).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Speckert, p. 2.
2. ↑ Speckert, p. 4.
3. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 113f; Dolling, p. 64; Speckert, p. 2.
4. ↑ Speckert, pp. 2f.
5. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
6. ↑ This and all of the following information according to: City Archives Mainz , Family Register of the City of Mainz No. 8012.
7. ↑ Speckert, p. 4.
8. ↑ Court and State Handbook for the Grand Duchy of Hesse for the year 1854 , Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt o. J. [1854], p. 327; Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
9. ↑ Speckert, p. 6.
10. ↑ Wegner, p. 42; Court and State Manual for the Grand Duchy of Hesse for the year 1841 , Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt o. J. [1841], p. 409.
11. ↑ Wegner, p. 42.
12. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Speckert, p. 25 and Fig. 9.
13. ↑ Döhn, p. 59, note 98.
14. ↑ Döhn, p. 55.
15. ↑ Döhn, p. 59.
16. ↑ Speckert, p. 57.
17. ^ Speckert, p. 91.
18. ↑ Speckert, p. 4.
19. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Krienke: Monument topography 18.3, p. 230.
20. ↑ Ferdinand Werner : The Worms Cathedral and its surroundings from the French Revolution to today. In: The Wormsgau . 32, 2016, pp. 127-168 (137ff); Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
21. ↑ Speckert, pp. 64-66; Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
22. ↑ Speckert, pp. 78-81.
23. ↑ Court and State Handbook for the Grand Duchy of Hesse for the year 1866 , Invalidenanstalt, Darmstadt undated [1866], p. 66.
24. ↑ Speckert, p. 4.
25. ↑ Speckert, p. 21.
26. ↑ Speckert, p. 19.
27. ↑ Entry on DenkXweb.
28. ↑ Marktkirche in denkXweb; Speckert, p. 19.
29. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Dolling, p. 64; Record in the German Digital Library ; Marienkirche in denkXweb.
30. ^ Dölling, p. 64.
31. ↑ vineyard house in denkXweb.
32. ↑ Speckert, p. 11f.
33. ↑ St. Anna Church in denkXweb.
34. ^ Parish church of St. Kilian on the homepage of the diocese of Mainz .
35. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Dölling, p. 64.
36. ↑ Marktbrunnen on denkXweb .
37. ↑ Krienke: Monument topography 18.3, p. 274.
38. ↑ Krienke: Monument topography 18.3, p. 276.
39. ↑ Ferdinand Werner : The Dalbergian pleasure garden and Sckells English plant in Herrnsheim near Worms. In: The garden art . Vol. 5, No. 1, 1993, pp. 159-192 (176).
40. ↑ Speckert, p. 52ff.
41. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Wegner, p. 42.
42. ↑ Schomann, p. 34.
43. ↑ Schomann, p. 37; Verification in DenkXweb .
44. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Dölling, p. 64.
45. ↑ Speckert, p. 24f.
46. ^ Reference in the German Digital Library .
47. ↑ Speckert, pp. 54f.
48. ↑ Krienke: Monument topography 18.3, p. 222f.
49. ↑ Speckert, p. 15.
50. ↑ Wegner, p. 42.
51. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Speckert, p. 22.
52. ↑ Michael Huyer, Dieter Krienke: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate 20.1 = Verbandsgemeinde Alzey-Land . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2013, ISBN 978-3-88462-327-5 , pp. 191–194.
53. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Hans Döhn: Railway policy and railway construction in Rheinhessen 1835-1914 = dissertation at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 1957, p. 59ff.
54. ^ Karl Klein: The Hessian Ludwig Railway or Worms, Oppenheim and the other places on the railway . Mainz 1856, p. 3.
55. ^ Krienke: Monument topography. 18.1, p. 96.
56. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
57. ↑ Speckert, p. 25 and Fig. 9.
58. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Mainz - Jewish History / Synagogues , accessed on May 17, 2008.
59. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Krienke: Monument topography 18.1, p. 296.
60. ↑ Ferdinand Werner : The Worms Cathedral and its surroundings from the French Revolution to today. In: The Wormsgau . 32, 2016, pp. 127-168 (137ff).
61. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
62. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 115.
63. ↑ Wegner, pp. 42, 222; Caspary, p. 583.
64. ^ Dieter Krienke (arrangement): District of Mainz-Bingen. Verbandsgemeinden Bodenheim, Guntersblum and Nieder-Olm (=  cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 18.2 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2011, ISBN 978-3-88462-310-7 , p. 294 .
65. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
66. ^ Schneider: sacrifice man , p. 114; Wegner, p. 42; Dieter Krienke: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate 2.3 = City of Mainz. Suburbs with supplements to Volume 2.1 and Volume 2.2 . Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 1997, ISBN 3-88462-140-8 , p. 164.
67. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114; Record in the German Digital Library ; Folkhard Cremer u. a .: Georg Dehio. Handbook of German Art Monuments. Hessen II = Darmstadt administrative district. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03117-3 , p. 735.
68. ↑ Wegner, p. 42.
69. ↑ Speckert, p. 71.
70. ↑ Speckert, p. 71, note 306.
71. ↑ For example: On the history of the main synagogue on Alemannia Judaica , inaugurated in 1853 , accessed October 5, 2017.
72. ^ Schneider: sacrificial man. P. 114.
73. ↑ Speckert, p. 3.
74. ↑ Speckert, p. 3.
75. ↑ Speckert, p. 4.