Mainz City Archives
| Mainz City Archives
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 Seat of the Mainz City Archives |
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| Archive type | Municipal Archives |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 0 '30.7 " N , 8 ° 16' 9.8" E |
| place | Mainz |
| Visitor address | Rheinallee 3b, 55116 Mainz |
| scope | 9,500 running meters of archive material |
| ISIL | DE-1966 |
| carrier | City of Mainz |
| Website | Mainz City Archives |
The Mainz City Archive is the municipal archive of the City of Mainz . The total inventory comprises 9,500 running meters of archive material, divided into different collections according to the type of archive material (printed matter, pictures, coins, seals ...) and the respective historical context. The Mainz City Archives are located in the building on Rheinallee, which also houses the Scientific City Library (with 670,000 media units). Further holdings can be found in a magazine on Wallaustraße. The city archive has been part of the Mainz city administration since 1980 as Amt 47 and is an independent department.
Together with the scientific city library, with which the city archive was institutionally connected for a long time, it stores holdings on the history of the city of Mainz for city history , local history or genealogical research. It is also responsible for the storage of historically valuable documents from the Mainz city administration since the time of the electorate. The holdings of the archive go back to the 12th century.
history
The beginnings of a municipal archive are known as early as the 13th century. At the beginning of the French Revolution , the Mainz archives, which had grown over the centuries, consisted of the Mainz city archives and the archives of the Elector of Mainz . The latter was divided into the archives of the Electoral State ( Kurmainz ), the Mainz Arch Chancellor Archives and the archive with documents from the Mainz monasteries that were secularized in 1781 and the Electoral University of Mainz . As a result of the French Revolution and its effects in Mainz ( Republic of Mainz ), these stocks were divided. Only the archives of the city of Mainz remained on site.
By a decree of the French interior minister Jean-Baptiste Nompère de Champagny , which was announced in Mainz on October 5, 1805, the holdings of the old university library with the libraries of the abolished monasteries became the property of the town of Mayence, which had been French since 1799 . The condition was that the city should cover the costs of adequate accommodation and the salaries of the (city) librarians. With this transfer, the coin cabinet of the now dissolved university and the archive of the Mainz branch of the Jesuit order, which was abolished in 1773, found their new storage location.
In 1912 the city archive moved into its own rooms in the new representative city library building on Rheinallee. By relocating the holdings during the Second World War and the commitment of the remaining employees, the holdings of the Mainz City Archives were largely preserved from destruction. However, files from the Nazi era in Mainz were almost completely burned in repeated bombing raids on the city . In 1980, the Mainz City Archives became an independent office in the city administration as Amt 47 and thus organizationally separated from the city of Mainz's libraries.
Outline of the inventory
Certificates
The stock of documents comprises around 9,300 documents, starting with the early 12th century. The stock of certificates includes around 2,000 birth certificates and craft, teaching and license certificates. With funding from the German Research Foundation's retro-conversion project , from 2010 to 2012 all printed and typed registers were transferred to a separate database. Older documents in the holdings (1106 to 1371) were digitized in 2011 as part of the “Virtual German Document Network” project of the German Research Foundation. 1163 documents can be consulted on monasterium.net .
Files and official books of the electoral period up to 1798 (holdings 1–29)
The archives date from the end of the Middle Ages to the end of the presence of the electorate in Mainz in 1798. They are predominantly of municipal provenance and are divided into 29 holdings. These are, for example, protocols and council books (inventory 1, from 1510), the archive of the municipality at the time of the Mainz Republic 1792/93 (inventory 11), parts of the archives of the electoral university (inventory 18) or church records (inventory 20, 1582–1798 ).
The majority of documents relating to the Mainz Electoral State are in the Würzburg State Archives . After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, the archives of the Mainz Imperial Chancellor were brought from Mainz via the intermediate stations Aschaffenburg and Frankfurt in 1852 to the House, Court and State Archives Vienna (today part of the Austrian State Archives ).
Hospice archive (holdings 30-40)
This archive contains documents of a general nature on the hospice and poor system in Mainz (inventory 30) and on the various Mainz hospices such as the Heilig-Geist-Spital (inventory 32) or St. Rochus (inventory 35). There are also documents from the penitentiary and pawn shop (inventory 37) or the poor fund such as the hospice fund (inventory 38, beginning of the 19th century) and the Central Poor Fund (inventory 39, beginning of the 19th century). The plans of the Mainz hospice estates are also in this archive as inventory 40.
Civil status, civil status and family registers (50)
The documents in this archive date from 1798, when modern administrative structures based on the French model were introduced with the takeover of the city by the French as part of the Peace of Lunéville . With the exception of a few gaps, the birth, marriage and death registers of Mayence and its current suburbs as well as the family registers of the city of Mainz (from the end of the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century) and the independent municipality of Mombach (from Beginning of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century). There are different time limits for the ongoing archiving of this data: birth records older than 110 years, marriage records older than 80 years, death records older than 30 years.
Under certain conditions, the archival materials in this collection are also available for family research.
French archive 1798–1814 (holdings 60–63)
The French archive contains all documents from the time Mayence belonged to the French Empire. This includes the archives of the municipal administration and the Mairie (mayor's office) Mainz (holdings 60), the documents of foreign provenance from this period (holdings 61, including from other departments on the left bank of the Rhine ), the archive of the Lycée (the former French central school, from 1803 known as Lycée) and the Académie Mayence (holdings 62) as well as the collection of printed matter from the French period (holdings 63).
Hessisches Archiv 1814 / 16–1945 (holdings 70ff.)
The Hessian Archive contains 70 all files from the mayor's office and other municipal offices. The total of 22,000 documents, including building plans and citizens' assumptions, are organized on the basis of the Grand Ducal Hessian community registry plan from 1908 and electronically recorded in the city archive's internet database. However, all factual files from the period 1933 to 1945 are missing in the inventory. These were completely destroyed in the registry of the town hall during the bombing raids on Mainz in the late phase of World War II, with the exception of the files from the municipal personnel office. The factual files of the city's personnel administration (inventory 73) that have been received also contain documents relating to the dismissal of city administration employees by the National Socialists and have not yet been fully developed by research.
Other holdings include documents from the French occupation of Mainz after the First World War in the years 1918 to 1930 (holdings 71) and the city library and the city archive itself until 1945 (holdings 72).
Personnel files of the Mainz city administration (inventory 90)
The personnel files of the Mainz city administration, including those of the respective mayor, are archived here. The documents cover a period from 1870 to 2012, for the mayor of the city from 1885, and take up a total of 289 running meters in the archive.
Files and official books since 1945 (inventory 100)
Files submitted by the respective municipal offices after 1945 are archived in this collection.
School archives (holdings 200 ff.)
The archive includes holdings from various Mainz schools, their predecessor institutions or schools that no longer exist today. For example, the holdings of the former Realgymnasium Mainz (today Gymnasium am Kurfürstlichen Schloss ), the predecessor institutions of today's Rabanus-Maurus-Gymnasium , the Confession School Mombach, the Women's Labor School or the Neutor School Mainz are archived .
Suburb archives
The suburb directory contains the archives of all today's Mainz suburbs as well as the archives of the former Mainz suburbs Bischofsheim and Ginsheim-Gustavsburg . From the AKK suburbs on the right bank of the Rhine , stocks from Kastel and Kostheim are available, Amöneburg is missing. The status of the preparation of the archival material is very different. While some holdings have not yet been recorded, other holdings have, at least in part, a list of files or even a finding aid.
In addition, the archive also contains non-written archive material such as old community stamps or town hall keys of the corresponding formerly independent communities.
Estates and archives of foreign origin
The Mainz city archive has a total of around 280 estates of foreign origin. These include partial estates or fragments from Mainz personalities or Mainz associations and companies.
Collection of autographs
The autograph collection contains around 850 letters from important personalities in politics, art and literature, including Georg Forster , Napoléon Bonaparte , Thomas Mann , Anna Seghers , Richard Wagner and Carl Zuckmayer . The collection includes documents from a period from 1499 to 2005. Since the collection of the city archive also contains holdings from Schott's autograph collection, the collection also contains correspondence with famous composers as well as manuscripts from famous musicians, for example Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy .
Statutory ordinances (LVO)
The documents archived here include ordinances from the Elector of Mainz from the 15th to 18th centuries in the form of prints or copies. The ordinances primarily concern aspects of administration and justice in all areas of the Electorate of Mainz. A finding aid for the archival material is available.
Picture and plan collection (BPS)
The collection of images and plans was created from the 1920s onwards through the first and systematic amalgamation of the relevant archival material scattered throughout the city archive. Due to their significantly increased historical importance, the Mainz city council decided in 1977 to combine and rearrange the photographs that were previously archived as a subordinate image collection. It is divided into images and photographs. The archive contains portraits of historical personalities associated with Mainz such as Georg Forster or Johannes Bückler , known as Schinderhannes. The photography collection includes around 200,000 photos of Mainz streets, buildings, personalities and events. The oldest photograph dates from 1845 and shows the Gothic fish gate that was torn down shortly afterwards (1847) .
The collection of plans includes around 20,000 plans and views, both of the city and the fortress of Mainz , from the 16th to 20th centuries. The fortress plans extend from the time of the first electoral and later French fortress, the fortress of the German Confederation (1815–1866), the Prussian fortress (1866–1873) and the imperial fortress Mainz (until 1919). Well-known individual pieces are for example the so-called Sweden Plan, a plan of the city of Mainz from the years 1625/26 (BPSP / 55 D). The views either show Mainz as a city in general, individual buildings or parts of the city.
Part of the picture and plan collection has been digitized and can be accessed via the archive's own database. In 2014, around 16,000 of the 200,000 photos were digitally researched and offered for use.
Collection of Modern and Modern History (ZGS)
This department, also known as the “Contemporary History Collection” (ZGS), contains various printed works such as leaflets, posters, brochures and other documents relating to the history of Mainz in the 20th and 21st centuries, including the Mainz war chronicle from 1939 to 1945. Many of the individual objects are privately owned.
Audiovisual archive
The audiovisual archive includes films and sound carriers from a wide variety of sources. In addition to recordings of Mainz before it was destroyed in the Second World War, tape recordings of city council meetings from 1956 onwards are also archived. More recent are video interviews by the Shoah Foundation with surviving former Jewish citizens from Mainz.
Mainz city chronicle 1952–1993
The Mainz city chronicle draws on the contents of articles in the Mainz daily press for this period that have been evaluated according to their subject.
Seal collection
The seal collection contains over 200 seals from the Archbishops of Mainz , ecclesiastical and municipal institutions as well as the craft guilds and individual citizens. The seals date from a period from the 12th to the 20th century. The collection also includes the oldest existing city seal of Mainz.
Coin Cabinet
The beginnings of the Münzkabinett go back to the Universitätsmünzkabinett founded in 1784. The holdings of the branch of the Jesuit order, which was dissolved in 1773, as well as collections of the three richest monasteries in the city, which were dissolved in 1783, Kartause , Reichklara-Kloster and Altmünster , already flowed into this stock .
In 1805, Napoleon assigned the steadily growing collection to the newly founded Bibliothèque de Mayence , where it received less attention from Franz Joseph Bodmann and later Friedrich Lehne . It was not until the second half of the 19th century that stocks were systematically sorted and recorded. Scientific supervision of the increasingly extensive collection was only possible in 1919 with the hiring of Wilhelm Diepenbach . Diepenbach, later director of the city archive and library himself, was the first scientifically trained employee of the city archive and mainly looked after the coin cabinet.
Today the Münzkabinett comprises a total of around 18,000 pieces, which are divided into individual departments. The “Mainz Coins” section contains over 7,000 copies, starting with mints from the Merovingian period . The collection includes both coins that were minted directly in Mainz as well as mints from other Kurmainz mints such as those from the Middle Rhine region or from Hesse and Thuringia. In addition to the coins, there are also medals for various Mainz personalities and on the occasion of events in Mainz's history.
The “Antiquity” section has a total of around 6,700 coins. 6,000 of these are Roman coins and 700 coins are Greek, North African or Gallic city coins.
The third section contains a collection of around 4,000 non-antique and non-Mainz pieces.
Service library
The service library of the city archive is purely a reference library. It contains around 15,000 books exclusively on the history of the city of Mainz, some of which can be viewed in the reading room on site.
Head of the City Archives
Up until the organizational separation of the city archive from the city library as an independent department, the heads of both institutions were identical.
- Franz Joseph Bodmann 1806–1814
- Friedrich Lehne 1814-circa 1829
- Philipp Hedwig Külb 1829 / 1836–1867
- Raimund Külb 1867 / 1869-1879
- Wilhelm von Reichenau (provisional) 1878–1879
- Wilhelm Velke 1879–1907
- Gustav Binz 1908–1920
- Aloys Ruppel 1920–1934
- Richard Dertsch 1934-1943
- Aloys Ruppel (provisional) 1943–1950
- Wilhelm Diepenbach 1950–1956
- Friedrich Adolf Schmidt-Künsemüller 1956–1959
- Jürgen Busch 1961–1965
- Ursula von Dietze 1965–1979
- Ludwig Falck from 1980 head of the newly established Office 47 of the Mainz city administration (= city archive)
- Friedrich Schütz 1993-2003
- Wolfgang Dobras since 2003
Scientific staff
Publications
- City of Mainz (ed.): Mainz - Photographic memories 1845–1945. Schmidt and Bödige, Mainz 1980
- City of Mainz (ed.): Mainz - Photographic memories 1845–1945 Volume 2. Publishing company in Mainz, Mainz 1993
literature
- Stadtarchiv Mainz (ed.): Preserving and researching. The Mainz city archive. Information sheet Mainz City Archives, 2004
- Wolfgang Dobras: The city archive. In: Annelen Ottermann, Stephan Fliedner (Ed.): 200 years of the Mainz City Library. Wiesbaden 2005
- Frank Teske: Mainz City Archive - "Image Holdings and Its Use". Powerpoint presentation at the symposium "Photos in Archives", Worms 2014 ( available online )
- Elisabeth Darapsky: Librarians of the Mainz City Library. in: De Bibliotheca Moguntina, Mainz 1963, pp. 17–30
Web links
- Website of the Mainz City Archives
- Archive material database - Mainz City Archives
Individual evidence
- ↑ Start page of the document inventory in the European document archive Monasterium.net .