Nieder-Olm

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Nieder-Olm
Nieder-Olm
Map of Germany, position of the city of Nieder-Olm highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 54 '  N , 8 ° 12'  E

Basic data
State : Rhineland-Palatinate
County : Mainz-Bingen
Association municipality : Nieder-Olm
Height : 150 m above sea level NHN
Area : 11.23 km 2
Residents: 10,143 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 903 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 55268
Area code : 06136
License plate : MZ , BIN
Community key : 07 3 39 042
Association administration address: Pariser Strasse 110
55268 Nieder-Olm
Website : www.nieder-olm.de
City Mayor : Dirk Hasenfuss (FWG)
Location of the city of Nieder-Olm in the Mainz-Bingen district
Breitscheid (Hunsrück) Bacharach Manubach Oberdiebach Oberheimbach Niederheimbach Weiler bei Bingen Trechtingshausen Waldalgesheim Münster-Sarmsheim Bingen am Rhein Ingelheim am Rhein Budenheim Grolsheim Gensingen Horrweiler Aspisheim Welgesheim Zotzenheim Badenheim Sprendlingen Sankt Johann (Rheinhessen) Wolfsheim (Gemeinde) Ockenheim Gau-Algesheim Appenheim Nieder-Hilbersheim Bubenheim (Rheinhessen) Ober-Hilbersheim Engelstadt Schwabenheim an der Selz Jugenheim in Rheinhessen Stadecken-Elsheim Essenheim Ober-Olm Klein-Winternheim Nieder-Olm Sörgenloch Zornheim Bodenheim Gau-Bischofsheim Harxheim Nackenheim Lörzweiler Mommenheim (Rheinhessen) Hahnheim Selzen Nierstein Oppenheim Dienheim Dexheim Dalheim (Rheinhessen) Köngernheim Friesenheim (Rheinhessen) Undenheim Uelversheim Uelversheim Ludwigshöhe Guntersblum Weinolsheim Dolgesheim Eimsheim Hillesheim (Rheinhessen) Wintersheim Dorn-Dürkheim Rhein-Lahn-Kreis Hessen Mainz Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis Landkreis Bad Kreuznach Donnersbergkreis Landkreis Alzey-Wormsmap
About this picture
Nieder-Olm, view from the west (tower of the fire brigade) on the northeast part of the city with the church of St. Georg in the center

Nieder-Olm is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate . It is located about ten kilometers south of the city of Mainz in the heart of Rheinhessen and is the administrative seat and namesake of the Nieder-Olm community . It has the function of a medium-sized center in its region .

geography

Nieder-Olm is located on the eastern bank of the Selz in the northern part of the Rheinhessen hill country , the Mainz Basin . The average height of the city is about 150 meters above sea level. The highest elevation in the district is the "Mühlberg" at 243  m above sea level. NHN , it is located in the northeast between Nieder-Olm and Mainz-Ebersheim . The Mühlbach flows into the Selz at the Eulenmühle; Below the city the Haybach flows from the right .

The landscape is heavily influenced by wine and fruit growing. An only about eleven hectare forest called "Im Loh" is found in the northeast of the district and is since 1970 a conservation area .

geology

Loess soils predominate, which are of a very high quality.

climate

Due to its location in the Mainz Basin , the climate in Nieder-Olm is very mild and dry. The long-term average temperature is over 8 degrees Celsius, making the area one of the warmest in Central Europe. The annual precipitation is rather low at 500 millimeters.

City structure

Nieder-Olm also includes the residential areas Am Goldberg , Eulenmühle, Kreuzhof and lower Ecklochermühle, Laurenzihof, Lieserhof, Lindenhof and upper Ecklochermühle, Sankt Georgshof, Sonnenhof and Urbanushof.

Neighboring communities

Nieder-Olm has the following neighboring communities, they are named starting from the north in clockwise order:

history

Early Middle Ages

Since there are only a few written documents about Nieder-Olm from the Middle Ages , the exact dating of the foundation of Nieder-Olm is difficult. However, grave finds from the late 6th century indicate an early settlement of this area. Presumably this happened through the early Franks during the Franconian conquest , when the Franks recaptured the land formerly occupied by the Romans. The Franconian settlement called "Reichelsheim" was roughly in the area of ​​today's industrial park in the north-west of Nieder-Olm and can be proven on aerial photographs. The ending of the place name on " -heim " is typical for Franconian naming and can also be found in many neighboring communities. The place was later abandoned (local desertification ).

middle Ages

Catholic Church of St. Georg in Nieder-Olm

Nieder-Olm has been owned by the Mainz ore monastery since the Middle Ages . There is documentary evidence that the Archbishop of Mainz Hatto I transferred a manor called "Ulmena" (Olm) to the wife of Emperor Arnulf of Carinthia for life in 899 . This manor was probably located in the area of ​​today's Ober-Olm and is responsible for the naming of the two communities. In 994 the manor was at the behest of Emperor Otto III. back into the possession of the archbishopric. At the end of the 11th century, the settlement went to the Mainz Cathedral monastery , during which time the Catholic Church of St. George was established, supported by the strong ecclesiastical influence.

The first fortification of the place probably dates from the 12th century. This consisted of walls and ditches and had four main gates. Later (at the end of the 13th century), presumably as a reaction to the construction of Stadeck Castle , a castle with a moat was built within the local boundaries and served by noble castle men.

In the 15th century Nieder-Olm got between the fronts of the Mainz collegiate feud , in which the two archbishops Diether von Isenburg and Adolf von Nassau were involved. Frequent changes of power were the result. Archbishop Berthold von Henneberg had the castle rebuilt in 1503 in order to meet the requirements of the then modern attack techniques. Since then, the castle has been known as St. Laurenziburg . Both the castle and the fortifications were destroyed several times in the following years. Today only a few remains can be found. The castle finally had to give way to a road at the beginning of the 19th century. The defensive structure of the cemetery that surrounded the church at that time is quite well preserved.

Early modern age

Nieder-Olm was overrun several times during the Thirty Years War and occupied by Swedish troops in 1632. About 60 years later Nieder-Olm was looted by French troops in the Palatinate War of Succession .

At the end of the 18th century, Nieder-Olm was reoccupied by French revolutionary troops. In 1792 the French erected a tree of freedom and made Nieder-Olm part of the Mainz Republic , the first democratic republic on German territory. A short time later, the Republic of Mainz only lasted 100 days, Nieder-Olm was recaptured by the imperial troops.

In 1797 Nieder-Olm went to France in the Peace of Campo Formio . The place was from 1798 to 1814 as canton capital ( chef-lieu ) of the canton Niederolm part of the First French Republic and then of the French Empire . After its fall, Nieder-Olm became part of the newly formed province of Rheinhessen in 1816 and thus belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

With the opening of the Hessian Ludwigsbahn (Mainz-Alzey) in 1871 Nieder-Olm was connected to the rail network.

First and Second World War

After the First World War , Nieder-Olm was occupied by French and English troops from December 1919 to October 1929 . The local historian Franz-Josef Spang noted that among them were Moroccans, "Arabs", Algerians and "Senegalese Negroes". One of the occupiers' stations was in what was then the Zur Schöne Aussicht inn .

Memorial plaque to the former synagogue

After the French occupation, Nieder-Olm was not spared from National Socialism either. A plaque commemorates the former synagogue of the Jewish community. The synagogue had already been sold to the Jewish community for the 1938 Reichspogromnacht ; However, there was severe destruction and looting of the existing Jewish houses. In November 2012, 30 stumbling blocks were laid, bearing the names of murdered or exiled Jewish citizens. A 19th century Jewish cemetery has survived on the edge of the communal cemetery .

Nieder-Olm went down in the history of the Second World War when German soldiers, dispersed during the advance of the Allied troops in the Selztal, offered considerable resistance. American positions west of the Selz bear witness to this time, but these were filled in for safety reasons.

Post-war until today

Nieder-Olm has belonged to the then newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate since 1946 .

In the following decades the infrastructure was constantly expanded. New schools were created (1957 the new elementary school "Burgschule" Nieder-Olm, 1974 the secondary and special school and 1981 the grammar school as well as two schools for physically handicapped and learning-poor students), a gymnasium and festival hall (1961) and the indoor and outdoor swimming pool ( 1968) were built. In October 1977 the place was connected to the A 63 . Contrary to all objections from the local community, the Nieder-Olm motorway exit was placed on Ingelheimer Straße, so that all source traffic to the A 63, including from Saulheim, continued to run through the center of the village. Only the second junction "Saulheim - Nieder-Olm Süd" brought the desired relief years later. The motorway was also moved closer to the town center in order to protect the agricultural land at the time. This not only meant that a third of its area was subsequently taken away from the outdoor pool, but also to the development of noise, as the BAB now runs almost in the valley floor instead of in a noise-insulating cut in the terrain as originally planned.

The development has continued steadily over the past two decades. New residential areas were created and older residential areas continuously expanded. The industrial area was expanded and three new bypasses were created. In 1997 the old festival hall was torn down and replaced by the newly built "Ludwig-Eckes-Halle". The indoor and outdoor pools were also expanded into an adventure pool.

The town center was further upgraded through the conversion into a traffic-calmed area and structural changes in the area of ​​the primary school / Pariser Straße.

The Rhineland-Palatinate cabinet decided on October 24, 2006 to grant Nieder-Olm city ​​rights . Nieder-Olm has been able to call itself "Stadt Nieder-Olm" since the award document was handed over on November 6, 2006 by the then Rhineland-Palatinate Interior Minister Karl Peter Bruch .

In 2016 Nieder-Olm exceeded the limit of 10,000 inhabitants; a further increase in the number of inhabitants is expected. Nieder-Olm is one of the largest communities in Rheinhessen.

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View from the town hall to the church of St. Georg

politics

City council

Town hall of the city as well as the association municipality Nieder-Olm

The city ​​council in Nieder-Olm consists of 28 council members, who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary city ​​mayor as chairman. The increase from 24 to 28 council members in 2019 resulted from voting rights by exceeding the limit of 10,000 inhabitants in the previous year.

The distribution of seats in the city council:

choice SPD CDU FDP FWG total
2019 11 7th 1 9 28 seats
2014 15th 6th 1 2 24 seats
2009 11 9 1 3 24 seats
2004 9 10 0 5 24 seats
  • FWG = Free Voting Group in the Nieder-Olm community

City Mayor

In the municipal elections in Rhineland-Palatinate in 2019 , Dirk Hasenfuss ( FWG ) was elected as the new city mayor for a five-year term after a runoff election. He received 66.4 percent of the vote in the runoff election and took up the honorary position on August 19, 2019. Hasenfuss succeeds Dieter Kuhl ( SPD ), who no longer stood for election.

The following people have been mayors since 1959:

  • Georg Taulke, Social Democrat, 1959–1971
  • Hans-Valentin Kirschner, CDU, 1971–1984
  • Hartmut Schäfer, 1984–1994
  • Herbert Bouteraa, (SPD), 1994-1999
  • Reinhard Küchenmeister ( CDU ), 1999–2009
  • Dieter Kuhl (SPD), 2009–2019
  • Dirk Hasenfuss (FWG), since 2019

Partnerships

Nieder-Olm maintains a partnership with the following locations :

Culture and sights

Evangelical parish church

societies

  • Friends of the Nieder-Olm volunteer fire brigade e. V.
  • DRK local association Nieder-Olm e. V.
  • DLRG local group Nieder-Olm / Wörrstadt e. V.
  • TV Nieder-Olm 1893 e. V.
  • FSV Nieder-Olm 1893 e. V.
  • Tennis club Nieder-Olm e. V.
  • Nieder-Olmer Carneval Club 1903 e. V
  • Nieder-Olmer Carneval Association 1988 e. V.
  • Diving club crocodile Nieder-Olm
  • DJK Nieder-Olm
  • GV Liederkranz 1946 e. V.
  • Wind choir Nieder-Olm
  • Schützenverein Gut Schuss Nieder-Olm

Buildings

The Gustav Adolf Church was built from 1861 to 1865 according to plans by Ignaz Opfermann for the Protestant community founded in 1856 . Pulpit and altar table from 1808 come from the Welschnonnen Church in Mainz .

The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Georg dates from 1779. The choir tower on the east side is a remnant of the old medieval church from the 12th century, it was later (in the 19th century) heightened and modified.

Rheinhessentor in Nieder-Olm

On the 200th anniversary of the founding of the province of Rheinhessen , the “Rheinhessentor” was inaugurated in Nieder-Olm in 2016. It is an archway consisting of three sandstone blocks with a total weight of 18 tons, manufactured and financed by member companies of the stonemasons and stone sculptors' guild of Rheinhessen. The coats of arms of the city of Nieder-Olm and its twin cities are carved into the pillars, as well as portraits of the Rhine-Hessian writers Carl Zuckmayer , Anna Seghers and Wilhelm Holzamer . Rheinhessen itself is symbolized by a map and a stylized deed of occupation. A fool's cap with the initials of the Nieder-Olmer Carneval Club (NOCC) stands for the "fifth season" , grapes, glasses and wine bottles indicate the Rheinhessen wine-growing region .

See also: List of cultural monuments in Nieder-Olm

Regular events

  • Sebastianus Theater Days in January
  • Rheinhessen Agricultural Days in January
  • Storming of the town hall on Weiberfastnacht
  • Mardi Gras parade on Mardi Gras
  • Street festival on the first weekend after Corpus Christi
  • Wine culture days of the Verbandsgemeinde on the third weekend in June
  • Hübrich festival on the first weekend in July
  • Notch the first weekend in September
  • Christmas market on the first weekend of Advent
  • GV Liederkranz slaughter festival on the last Sunday in October

Economy and Infrastructure

Eckes AG headquarters in Nieder-Olm

economy

Nieder-Olm has been the headquarters of the Eckes-Granini Group GmbH since 1857 . The medical device manufacturer Tracoe medical GmbH and the personnel service provider ARWA have their headquarters here. In addition, the goods trading company Tengelmann and the vehicle manufacturer Mercedes-Benz operate logistics centers in the city.

traffic

Trunk roads

The A 63 from Kaiserslautern to Mainz passes Nieder-Olm in the west and is connected to the town by two exits (junction 4 Nieder-Olm Nord and junction 5 Saulheim ). On the one hand, the important north-south connection A 61 is easy to reach via this ; on the other hand, it serves as a feeder to the Rhine-Main conurbation and the motorways connected there.

Nieder-Olm is connected to its neighboring communities via several state roads , including Pariser Straße , which runs through the city.

Public transport

Nieder-Olm is connected to local public transport through the ORN ( Omnibusverkehr Rhein-Nahe GmbH) :

Since the timetable change in December 2019, the city bus route 55 of the Mainz transport company has also run from Nieder-Olm via Essenheim and Klein-Winternheim to downtown Mainz and the Wiesbaden district of Mainz-Kastel .

railroad

In the east of the town center is the Deutsche Bahn train station ; this belongs to station category 6. Due to the use of the Prussian spelling rules of 1910 on the railways in the then Grand Duchy of Hesse , this is written without a hyphen, i.e. Nieder Olm . In Rhineland-Palatinate clock 2015 also a new breakpoint was Nieder Olm North for the regional rail operations announced. However, like all other planned stops along the route, this will not be implemented for cost reasons.

On working days, regional trains ( RE 13 / RB 31) in both directions on the Alzey – Mainz line leave the train station every half hour . Almost every second train in the direction of Alzey travels via Wahlheim and Freimersheim to Kirchheimbolanden . Even on Sundays and public holidays, the number of trains is only slightly lower. In the morning rush hour there are two direct connections to Worms via Alzey.

Nieder-Olm also has a direct connection to Wissembourg in France in the summer months from May to October with the “Elsass Express” . This runs from Mainz to Alzey and then follows the Rheinhessenbahn until it continues on its way to France.

Since December 2014 vlexx has been offering direct connections between Alzey and Frankfurt am Main with a stop in Nieder-Olm.

Public facilities

education

High school in Nieder-Olm
  • Burgschule Nieder-Olm, elementary school
  • Nieder-Olm high school
  • Integrated comprehensive school Nieder-Olm
  • Selztalschule, special school with a special focus on "learning"
  • Liesel-Metten-Schule with a focus on motor development
Castle school in Nieder-Olm

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

  • Richard and Hilda Strauss, founders of the Strauss Group
  • Ludwig Eckes (born April 28, 1913 - † January 14, 1984), entrepreneur, honorary citizen
  • Philipp Faust (born August 1, 1898 - † February 28, 1959), bricklayer and writer
  • Wilhelm Holzamer (March 28, 1870 - August 28, 1907), writer
  • Franz Holzamer (born October 11, 1872 - † May 29, 1945), architect, entrepreneur and politician
  • Karl Horn (1888–1971), politician (CDU)
  • Jean Metten (May 9, 1884 - June 26, 1971), painter
  • Gisela Drohla (October 27, 1924; † 1983), publisher's editor, translator of Russian literature
  • Frank Buchwald (* 1963), historian and journalist

Personalities with a connection to the city

  • Andreas Holzamer (born August 1, 1805 Heusenstamm; † July 1, 1883 Nieder-Olm), from 1841 elementary school teacher, first conductor of the choral society in 1842, founder of a private school.
  • Werner von Moltke (born May 24, 1936 in Mühlhausen / Thuringia; † July 29, 2019 in Nieder-Olm), 1966 European decathlon champion and from 1997 to 2012 president of the German Volleyball Association , lived in Nieder-Olm
  • Johannes Metten (1929–2020), sculptor, and Liesel Metten (* 1938), sculptor, live in Nieder-Olm
  • Andreas Schmitt (born September 12, 1961), chairman of the Mardi Gras television session in Mainz, remains Mainz as it sings and laughs , lives in Nieder-Olm, comes from an old family
  • Nina Klinkel (* 1983), politician (SPD), lives in Nieder-Olm

literature

  • Johann Wilhelm Christian Steiner: Archives for Hessian history and antiquity. 1st volume, 2nd issue, Darmstadt 1835, pp. 191–192.
  • Karl Anton Schaab : History of the city of Mainz. 3rd volume. 1. Dept. Rhine Province, Mainz 1847, pp. 175, 209–213.
  • Karl Johann Brilmayer : Rheinhessen in the past and present. Giessen 1905, pp. 335-339.
  • Hans-Valentin Kirschner, Dieter Kuhl, Elmar Rettinger (eds.): Nieder-Olm in the heart of Rheinhessen - past and present. Nünnerich-Asmus Verlag 2014, ISBN 978-3-943904-64-2 .

Web links

Commons : Nieder-Olm  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, communities, association communities ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2018 [ Version 2020 is available. ] . S. 107 (PDF; 2.2 MB).
  3. ↑ Franz-Josef Spang: The French keep Rhine-Hessian villages occupied. In: Heinrich Wothe (Ed.): Rheinhessen. A home book . III. Tape. A ceremony for the liberation of the Rhineland in 1930 with 213 images from Rheinhessen and its time of occupation. Unchanged reprint of the edition from 1930. Verlag Wolfgang Weidlich, Frankfurt am Main 1978, ISBN 3-8128-0007-1 , p. 113 .
  4. ↑ Nieder-Olm. In: alemannia-judaica. Retrieved December 4, 2017 .
  5. ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Press service of the state government: Nieder-Olm may in future call itself "City of Nieder-Olm". (From October 24, 2006, accessed on May 27, 2010) )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.rlp.de
  6. ↑ Rheinböllen and Wörrstadt are allowed to call themselves “city” in future. In: rlp.de. April 28, 2009, accessed April 15, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Location portrait: Good infrastructure allows Nieder-Olm to grow further , Allgemeine Zeitung Mainz , Rheinhessen series 2016
  8. ↑ http://www.nieder-olm.de/leben-in-nieder-olm/stadt-nieder-olm/
  9. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections , accessed on July 27, 2019
  10. ^ Result of the runoff election for the mayor of Nieder-Olm
  11. ↑ Dirk Hasenfuss: "I'll learn every day" Allgemeine Zeitung (Mainz) from July 10, 2019, accessed on July 17, 2019 (for subscribers)
  12. ^ Dieter Krienke (arrangement): District of Mainz-Bingen. Verbandsgemeinden Bodenheim, Guntersblum and Nieder-Olm (=  cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany . Volume 18.2 ). Wernersche Verlagsgesellschaft, Worms 2011, ISBN 978-3-88462-310-7 , p. 294 .
  13. ↑ Newsletter of the Association of Nieder-Olm No. 28/2016 of July 14, 2016, pp. 1 and 12 and Allgemeine Zeitung of July 11, 2016.
  14. ↑ "New Cross Line 652" (PDF; 387 KB)
  15. ↑ Station category list 2017 ( Memento from February 15, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ^ Station directory
  17. ↑ "Der Takt 2015", page 12 ( Memento from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 4.5 MB)
  18. ↑ VG Nieder-Olm newsletter, issue 45/2012, page 12 (PDF; 2.8 MB)
  19. ↑ Project examples for "Der Takt 2015" ( Memento from November 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )