Chamberlain of Worms

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Coat of arms of the chamberlain of Worms
Scheibler's Wappenbuch
1450–1480
Epitaph of Anna von Dalberg, born von Bickenbach in the Katharinenkirche Oppenheim
Epitaph with the portrait figures of Johann XI. Chamberlain of Worms and his second wife, Anna von Bickenbach , in the Katharinenkirche Oppenheim
Epitaph of Johann XXII. Chamberlain of Worms , called zu Kropsburg († 1531) and his wife, Katharina von Kronberg, (1510) in the church of Sankt Martin in Sankt Martin

The treasurers of Worms were an old German noble family from the Middle Rhine . The family provided some high officials in the Holy Roman Empire .

Surname

From the 13th century onwards, the family named themselves after the leading office held by family members, Chamberlain of Worms . This function related to the diocese of Worms , not the city of Worms, and until the end of the Old Kingdom it was the central property of a family that branched out several times. In order to be able to distinguish the members of these different branches, the names of acquired castles, which served as "ancestral seats", were added as part of the name, such as Waldeck , Herrnsheim , Kropsburg or Dalberg . The original title of Kämmerer von Worms became increasingly empty in terms of content and became a title.

meaning

The family has been traceable since the 11th century and probably descends from the ministerial family von Rüdesheim , who were in the service of the Archdiocese of Mainz . Assignments of persons to this family who lived before this time were made without any evidence. The rise of the family began when Gerhard I acquired the inheritance of the treasurer of the Bishop of Worms in 1238 . It belonged to the direct imperial knight nobility and therefore not suitable for nobility . But family members often held high political offices in the Holy Roman Empire.

In 1367 Dieter II. († 1371) concluded an agreement with Count Palatine Ruprecht II that opened Dalberg Castle to the Count Palatine and in return obliged him to assist Dieter II in the event of feuds , a step in the process of ever closer ties to the house Dalberg to the Electoral Palatinate .

The family was divided into several branches over time. The longest surviving and most historically significant was the treasurer of Worms, called by Dalberg , in short Dalberg .

Possessions

Through the central fiefdom of the family, the office of treasurer of Worms , they held the reprimand court in Worms and the protectorate over the Jews in Worms . Originally they also belonged to the urban upper class in Worms. So was Dieter III. Chamberlain of Worms (named from 1360; † 23 September 1398) 1387 Mayor of Worms. In the late Middle Ages, however, they increasingly separated themselves from it and finally lived as landed gentry. However, they continued to have several farms in the city.

From 1315 Johann III. Chamberlain of Worms and his descendants in stages up to the end of the 14th century the Dalburg and the associated lordship, to which the villages Dalberg and Wallhausen belonged. The same was achieved with regard to the Kropsburg with the associated towns of Sankt Martin , Maikammer and Winnweiler between 1323 and 1439.

Dieter II (named from 1334; † July 23, 1371), a son of Johann III., Married Katharina († July 8, 1351), widowed von Scharffenstein , daughter of Klaus and Nesa Salman zum Silberberg. With her, extensive property came into the family, in the Rheingau , in the hinterland of Mainz on the left bank of the Rhine , including fiefs of the County of Veldenz and the empire . In addition, a castle loan in Oppenheim , a property that the family would expand in the following years. The family's economic situation must have been excellent: Dieter II managed to get the castles and lordships of Meistersel , Madenburg , Landeck , Bergzabern , Fleckenstein and Herrenstein into his hands - mainly as a "pledge" . From 1420 the descendants of Dieter II held a strong castle man fief, first from Kurmainz , later from the Electoral Palatinate , which included estates in Bensheim and in the western Odenwald . When the last male descendant of Dieter II died, most of the rich inheritance passed to other families through married daughters. For the most part only the man fiefs remained in the family of the treasurer of Worms, so above all the property around Bensheim. The family succeeded in gaining more dominions. These included the lords of Heßloch , Herrnsheim with Abenheim , both fiefs from the Counts of Leiningen , and the lordship of Gabsheim .

The reign of the eunuchs of Worms arises in the late Middle Ages as a many splintered float between Koblenz in the north, Neuweiler in the south, the Odenwald in the east and Landstuhl in the West. Frequently occurred Dalberger service the credit. The family was rich.

Wolfgang V. (* 1469 or 1470; † February 24, 1549) married Elisabeth on May 25, 1495, heir to Eberhard Vetzer von Geispitzheim , who died in 1520. Since the family fortune of the Vetzer von Geispitzheim family was divided between Elisabeth and her three sisters due to the lack of male heirs, she brought a considerable fortune into her husband's family.

coat of arms

The coats of arms of the Chamberlain of Worms always contain six silver lilies . Individual branches of the family added further attributes.

See also

literature

in alphabetical order by authors / editors

  • Kurt Andermann : The rise of the chamberlain of Worms in the late Middle Ages . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms called von Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission, NF Bd. 31. Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 13–34.
  • Friedrich Battenberg : Dalberg documents. Regesta on the documents of the eunuchs of Worms gen. Von Dalberg and the barons of Dalberg 1165–1843 :
    • Volume 1: Documents and copies of the Darmstadt State Archives (Dept. B 15 and O 1 B), the Herrnsheim Parish Archives and the Freiherrlich-Franckenstein Archives in Ullstadt = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/1. Darmstadt 1981. ISBN 3-88443-222-2
    • Volume 2: Documents from the Worms City Archives , the Bavarian State Library in Munich and the Heylshof Art House in Worms; Supplements and lost Dalberg documents in the Darmstadt State Archives (Regesta No. 1666–3385) = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/2. Darmstadt 1986. ISBN 3-88443-237-0
    • Volume 3: Corrigenda, indices and family tables (v. Dalberg and Ulner von Dieburg) = Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt 14/3. Darmstadt 1987. ISBN 3-88443-238-9
  • Friedrich Battenberg: The imperial knighthood of Dalberg and the Jews . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms called von Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission NF Bd. 31. Hessische Historical Commission, Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 155-184.
  • Johann Gottfried Biedermann : genealogy of the Reichsfrey immediate knighthood of the country to Franconia praiseworthy places Rhön and Werra… Bayreuth 1749. Scan-S .: 274–287.
  • Johannes Bollinger: 100 families of the chamberlain from Worms and the lords of Dalberg . Bollinger, Worms-Herrnsheim 1989. Without ISBN.
  • Leopold von Eltester , Adalbert Horawitz:  Dalberg, Johann von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, pp. 701-703. (Article on the gender "von Dalberg" on p. 701)
  • Ludwig Lenhart :  Dalberg, v .. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 488 ( digitized version ).
  • Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, tables 55–60.
  • Anneliese Seeliger-Zeiss: The treasurers of Worms called by Dalberg in the mirror of their grave monuments . In: Kurt Andermann (Hg.): Ritteradel im Alten Reich: Die Kämmerer von Worms called von Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission 31. Hessian Historical Commission , Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , p. 73 -119.
  • Friedrich Toepfer: Side dishes. IV. The Chamberlain of Worms . In: ders. (Ed.): Document book for the history of the royal and baronial house of the Voegte von Hunolstein , Vol. II. Jacob Zeiser, Nuremberg 1867, pp. 419–423. ( Google Books )

Web links

Commons : Dalberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ The fact that a document from 1392 speaks of a “Jewish court” has inappropriately led to speculations about a corresponding judicial organ, for which, however, no other evidence has been handed down. Battenberg: The imperial knighthood rule , p. 167, assumes that what is meant here is the well-known protection of Jews that the chamberlain of Worms held.
  2. ↑ "Pledge", as understood at the time, meant that it represented security for a given loan. Instead of interest, the lender withdrew the income it brought from the "pledge".
  3. ↑ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 23, assumes that this was Adam I, who died in 1463 (* around 1413; † December 18, 1463, buried in St. Martin in Worms). However, his cousin, Johann XIX, was still alive at this point. Chamberlain of Worms, who died on January 15, 1477 in the battle of Nancy (Bollinger, p. 35f), probably without descendants entitled to inheritance.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 16.
  2. ↑ Schwennicke, plate 53.
  3. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 16.
  4. ^ So: Johannes Bollinger: 100 families of the eunuches of Worms and the lords of Dalberg . Bollinger, Worms-Herrnsheim 1989. Without ISBN, for Heribert von Köln (p. 8f.) And Erkenbert von Frankenthal (p. 7).
  5. ↑ Beres: Die Kammerer , pp. 140f.
  6. ^ Battenberg: The Imperial Knighthood Rule , p. 167.
  7. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 17.
  8. ↑ Schwennicke, plate 55.
  9. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 17.
  10. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 21f.
  11. ↑ Bollinger, p. 18.
  12. ↑ Bollinger, p. 18.
  13. ↑ Beres: The Chamberlain of Worms , p. 141.
  14. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 23.
  15. ↑ Beres: The Chamberlain of Worms , p. 141.
  16. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 23.
  17. ^ Andermann: Der Aufstieg , p. 25.
  18. ↑ Bollinger, p. 39.
  19. ↑ Seeliger-Zeiss, p. 106.
  20. ↑ Harald Drös: shield head, lilies, anchor cross. The coat of arms of the chamberlain of Worms, called von Dalberg . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms called von Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission NF Bd. 31. Hessische Historische Kommission, Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 51-72.