Kropsburg
| Kropsburg | ||
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 Renaissance portal, inner gate of the Kropsburg |
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| Alternative name (s): | Kropfsegg | |
| Creation time : | around 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | Lower castle | |
| Standing position : | Ministeriale | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 17 '46.2 " N , 8 ° 5' 45.3" E | |
| Height: | 326 m above sea level NHN | |
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The Kropsburg , also known as Kropfsegg , is located in the district of the southern Palatinate wine-growing community of St. Martin in the southern Weinstrasse district ( Rhineland-Palatinate ).
Before its destruction in 1689, the Spornburg u. a. Seat of the highest barons of the empire, the Knights of Dalberg . A successor building erected in 1771 by a Dalberg descendant from the rubble in the courtyard of the lower castle was operated as a restaurant. This restaurant is now closed and the castle is no longer accessible. However, there is a newer restaurant in the outer bailey .
geography
location
The Kropsburg lies on the fracture zone between the Palatinate Forest in the west and the Rhine plain in the east. The hilly transition between the two landscapes is the Palatinate wine-growing region on both sides of the German Wine Route . The castle rises south of St. Martin on a hill just 250 m high on the Hochberg ; this belongs to the Haardt mountain range , which forms the eastern edge of the Palatinate Forest.
The Kropsbach flows from west to east through the valley to the north of the castle and flows into the Speyerbach from the right at Hanhofen , a left tributary of the Rhine .
reachability
The castle can be reached on foot or by bike from St. Martin and by car from the city of Edenkoben , where there is a connection to the Autobahn 65 ( Ludwigshafen - Karlsruhe ).
history
The construction of the Kropsburg goes back to the Staufer and is dated to the time around 1200; At that time, a whole ring of castles was built to shield the Trifels Imperial Castle, which is about 20 km away . Similar to the Hambach Castle to the north and the Rietburg to the south, the Kropsburg offered a wide view of the Rhine plain.
Initially, the Kropsburg was the seat of a ministerial . Later it was passed on to the descendants of the feudal people and so became a Ganerbeburg with several owners who expanded it into an upper and a lower castle. A small lordship that consisted of the towns of Sankt Martin , Maikammer and Winnweiler belonged to the castle . After the end of the Hohenstaufen in the second half of the 13th century, it came into the possession of the Speyer Monastery . This enfeoffed proportionally various noble houses with the Kropsburg, including those of Kropsberg, von Ochsenstein and von Odenbach . Johann III. In 1323, Chamberlain von Worms bought a house in Kropsburg from his son-in-law, Merkel von Kropsburg. In 1345 he bought his entire 50% share in the castle and associated goods. The descendants of Johann III. bought the second half of the Kropsburg between 1393 and 1439, so that it now belonged exclusively to the family of the Chamberlain of Worms. From 1492 to 1531 this family was Johann XXII. Chamberlain of Worms Lord on the Kropsburg and in St. Martin, where his magnificent tomb is preserved in the local Martinskirche.
In 1522 the castle chapel of St. Giles was mentioned in a document , for which Georg von Schwalbach , cathedral curator and vicar general of the diocese of Speyer , approved the keeping of the holy of holies . The chaplain of St. Martin also receives permission to work there as a pastor.
While the Kropsburg survived the turmoil of the Peasants 'War and the Thirty Years' War almost unscathed in the 16th and 17th centuries , it was completely and permanently destroyed by French troops in 1689 in the War of the Palatinate Succession .
In 1771 Jakob Amandus von Dalberg built a new stately home on the ruins of the lower castle . After remodeling and modernization, it was later operated as a restaurant until it was closed. The new restaurant built on the site is known for its panoramic view over the Rhine plain.
literature
- Alexander Thon, Hans Reither, Peter Pohlit (eds.): "How swallows' nests glued to the rocks ..." Castles in the North Palatinate. 1st edition. Schnell and Steiner, Regensburg 2005, pp. 60–63, ISBN 3-7954-1674-4 .
Web links
- Website of the Kropsburg
- Entry on Kropsburg in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
Individual evidence
- ^ Johannes Bollinger: 100 families of the eunuches of Worms and the lords of Dalberg . Bollinger, Worms-Herrnsheim 1989. Without ISBN, p. 18.
- ↑ Kurt Andermann : The rise of the chamberlain of Worms in the late Middle Ages . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms named by Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission, NF Bd. 31. Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 13–34 (22).
- ^ Franz Xaver Glasschröder : Documents on the Palatinate Church History in the Middle Ages . Munich 1903, p. 168, document regist No. 401.