New Years Address

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The New Years address is understood to be the speech by a head of state or government at the turn of the year, broadcast on radio or television . The speeches are usually only a few minutes long and contain a state-sponsored review of the past and a preview of the coming year. Church officials (e.g. bishops or the Pope) also give a New Year's address (also called a New Year's sermon).

New year's address in Germany

There were New Year's speeches in the German Reich , in the Kaiserreich, in the Weimar Republic and in the time of National Socialism .

From 1949 to 1969 the Federal President gave the New Year's Address in the Federal Republic of Germany , and since 1970 the Federal Chancellor . Conversely, the Chancellor gave the Christmas address until 1969 and the President from 1970 . The first New Year's speeches were broadcast on the radio, and for the first time on television from 1952. In the GDR , the heads of state council gave the New Year's speeches , for example Walter Ulbricht on GDR television in 1962 . Further New Year's speeches will be given by the Prime Ministers of the countries that are broadcast on television in the public third programs.

The TV New Year's address by Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl , which was broadcast on the First German Television on December 31, 1986, achieved particular fame : instead of the current recording, the speech from the previous year 1985 was broadcast - accidentally according to information from Erste and North German Television . The broadcaster caught up on the broadcast of the correct version from December 31, 1986 on January 1, 1987. CSU General Secretary Gerold Tandler suspected that it was a matter of "deliberate sabotage" that was "prepared very systematically". CDU general secretary Heiner Geißler could not imagine that an "editor named chance or a technician named by mistake" was to blame.

The same thing happened to the Rhineland-Palatinate Prime Minister Kurt Beck with his radio New Year's address 2009/2010: The speech from the previous year could be heard on SWR1 ; This mix-up was also explained by the responsible broadcaster with human error.

Theodor Heuss , first Federal President, began his New Year's Eve speech, which he gave on New Year's Eve in 1950, by stating that he spoke to the Germans with some hesitation: “Man, all over the world, crosses the annual limit in a mixture of retrospective sentimentality and bold optimism - possessing we impartiality and strength to say something of our own to such a floating position of feelings? "

Angela Merkel gave a special New Year's address on New Year's Eve 2017, after the difficult government formation after the 2017 federal election . It was the first time in the history of the Federal Republic that a new government had not yet been formed on New Year's Eve of an election year and the Federal Chancellor was only executive in the New Year's address.

The New Year's address is traditionally broadcast on television on New Year's Eve .

New Year's address in Austria

In Austria, the Federal President gives the New Year's address. The Chancellor speaks to the people on October 26th, the Austrian national holiday. The New Year's address is broadcast on January 1st of each year after ZIB 1 or before ZIB 20 in both ORF programs ORF 1 and ORF 2 . In 2017, the address was omitted because no Federal President was in office on January 1st. The President of the National Council decided not to speak.

New Year's address in Switzerland

The New Year's address by the newly elected Swiss Federal President marks the beginning of his term of office. The first New Year's address was given on January 1, 1935 by Rudolf Minger , who greeted the Swiss people ten minutes after midnight. Only in 1941 was another New Year's address broadcast on Swiss radio; since then the address has been given annually.

The most famous New Year's address is the involuntarily comical declaration by Federal President Adolf Ogi on January 1, 2000, which he made next to a pine tree in front of the Lötschberg tunnel in Kandersteg .

New Years Address in Denmark

In Denmark , New Year's Eve starts at 6 p.m. with Margrethe II 's New Year's address. The tradition of addressing the Danish monarch at the turn of the year goes back to the 1880s; The speech has been on the radio since 1941 and live on Danish television since 1959 . A day later, the Danish head of government also gave a New Year's address, which, however, was more political. Thorvald Stauning was the first Minister of State to take on this task for the first time in 1940; from 1946 it became a firm tradition with several interruptions.

New year's address in France

The five to ten-minute TV New Year's address by the French President ("vœux présidentiels") will be recorded around the afternoon of December 31st in the Élysée Palace and broadcast in front of the TV news at exactly 8 pm. This is not always the case, for example Nicolas Sarkozy spoke live to the French population in 2007. Like the address on the French national holiday , July 14th, this speech is also an inventory of the political, economic and social situation of the nation. The New Year's address in the Fifth French Republic was inspired by the first president, Charles de Gaulle , who offered the French people to take stock of the previous year and combined this with his wishes for the new year.

One of the formal peculiarities is that the “vœux présidentiels” has been preceded by the Marseillaise since 1995 . This was reintroduced by Jacques Chirac and continued to be used by Nicolas Sarkozy and François Hollande . Furthermore, the New Year's address in France is subtitled in full length (except in 2008 and 2009 when they were replaced by sign language ). However, in 2010, subtitles were used again. Both methods were waived in 2013. Sometimes a conversation with journalists is chosen instead of the speech - an option that Nicolas Sarkozy has not used since 2009. Another peculiarity of the French President's New Year's greeting address, which is addressed to the general public, is that it is followed by others in the first half of January, addressed to selected political and social groups (parliamentarians, armed forces, social partners, representatives of the education system, journalists, medical professionals, cultural workers , Farmers and - for the first time in 2010 - the population of the French overseas territories ). In the credits the names of the other responsible persons, including the director, are mentioned.

New Year address in Russia

In Russia, the President gives the New Year's address. This will be broadcast on December 31 at around 11:55 pm. Due to the geographic extent of the country, the address is repeated separately in each time zone. After the address, the image of the tower clock of the Moscow Kremlin and the sound of the clock will be broadcast.

New Years Addresses in Other Countries

Web links

Wiktionary: New Years Address  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ^ President Hindenburg praised Hitler on January 2, 1934 on the radio. See Frank Möller (ed.): Charismatic leaders of the German nation , Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag 2004, ISBN 9783486567175 , p. 142 [1]
  2. ↑ Torsten Hampel: Stock cube of history . In: Der Tagesspiegel from December 18, 2014
  3. ↑ See the photo by Erwin Schneider for the Federal Archives here
  4. ↑ Reversed New Year's address by Helmut Kohl on December 31, 1986 ( memento of the original from February 8, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Arte broadcast @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / de.sevenload.com
  5. ↑ http://www1.wdr.de/themen/archiv/stichtag/stichtag6182.html
  6. ↑ See SWR sends old New Year's address ( memento from August 3, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), FTD Online, January 2, 2010. (accessed on December 20, 2010)
  7. ↑ [2]
  8. ↑ https://www.stern.de/politik/deutschland/neujahrsanssprache-von-angela-merkel--mehr-z zusammenhalt-und-respekt- 7804968.html
  9. ^ Article in the radio program Rendez-Vous on DRS 1 from December 31, 2009 (accessed on January 1, 2010).
  10. ↑ Andreas Kley: "And God, Mr. Federal President?" - Civil religion in the New Year's speeches of the Swiss Federal Presidents? . In: Swiss Yearbook for Canon Law , No. 12, 2007, pp. 55–56. (accessed on January 1, 2010)
  11. ↑ Aargauer Zeitung : New Years address on December 29, 1999 in Kandersteg with Federal Councilor Adolf Ogi on December 29, 1999 (accessed on December 24, 2018).
  12. ↑ rain Tens Nytårstaler. Danmarkshistorien.dk, accessed December 23, 2012 (Danish).
  13. ↑ Nytårstaler. Statsministeriet, accessed December 23, 2012 (Danish).
  14. ↑ nytårstale. The Danske store , accessed December 23, 2012 (Danish).
  15. ↑ See as an example the Voeux Présidentiels pour 2010 (accessed on December 20, 2010)
  16. ↑ See Ortwin Ziemer / Thérèse Prosche: Happy New Year! - Bonne Année! Political New Years Addresses in Germany and France (PDF; 114 kB). In: Documents - Journal for the Franco-German Dialogue No. 4/2010, pp. 5–7. (accessed on December 20, 2010)