Niccolò Brancaccio

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Niccolò Brancaccio (* around 1335/1340; † June 29, 1412 in Florence ) was born in the Kingdom of Naples , probably in Naples itself. He was Archbishop of Bari , then Archbishop of Cosenza , while he served the Curia in Avignon . He became Cardinal of Avignon Obedience in 1378 , was Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere , then Cardinal Bishop of Albano . In 1409 he took part in the Council of Pisa and was one of the voters of Popes Alexander V and (1410) John XIII.

Life

Niccolò Brancaccio was a son of Marino Brancaccio and Giacoma d'Aversa. His older brother Francesco, known as "Fusco", was lord of Laviano and Trentola, his younger brother was Bufillo Brancaccio , Count of Agnani and Marshal of the Roman Church. They were maternal relatives of Pope Urban VI. (Bartolomeo Prignano).

Early career

He received his doctorate in civil law , probably from the University of Naples , and became a canon in the cathedral chapter of Naples. He was appointed papal chaplain ( monsignor ) and auditor Causarum Sacri Palatii (judge). He took his oath of office on May 29, 1366.

On 12 April 1367 he became Pope Urban V to the archbishop of Bari appointed. He became a close advisor to Queen Joan I of Naples . On January 13, 1377 he was by Pope Gregory XII. appointed Archbishop of Cosenza ; his successor in Bari was Bartolomeo Prignano, who later became Pope Urban VI.

In April 1377, Brancaccio, Archbishop of Cosenza, and Matteo da Gesualdo were sent by Queen Johanna on a mission to the Signoria of Florence to try to fight the war between Pope Gregory XI. and to mediate the Republic of Florence . The attempt was unsuccessful.

Brancaccio was in Naples when Prignano became Pope in April 1378, and he was one of the ambassadors the Queen sent to greet Urban as the new Pope. When he returned to Naples and heard that Robert of Geneva had been elected Pope Clement VII in Fondi on September 20, he and the Queen immediately changed their obedience and supported Clement. In a statement on the schism , the Archbishop of Cosenza noted that the Queen had no personal reason to prefer Robert of Geneva. On the contrary, there was a discord between Robert and the Cardinal of Bologna, the Queen's uncle. Nevertheless, the Archbishop of Cosenza was immediately sent to Clement VII.

cardinal

Niccolò Brancaccio was appointed cardinal by Pope Clement VII in his first consistory on December 16, 1378 and was given the titular church of Santa Maria in Trastevere . At the time of his promotion, he held the office of the Regens Cancellarium and was thus Deputy Chancellor Cardinal Pierre de Monteruc . In 1379 Pope Clemens appointed Niccolò canon of the cathedral chapter of Lyon. Another of his benefices was the Luneil le Vieil priory . In 1379 Niccolò moved to Avignon together with the papal curia and Pope Clement.

On March 1, 1388, Cardinal Brancaccio took part in the signing of the marriage contract between Ludwig II of Anjou , titular king of Sicily, and Jolanthe of Aragón , daughter of King John I , in Le Mans . Cardinal Ange de Grimoard , Bishop of Albano, died on April 18, 1388 , and Brancaccio was his successor (around 1390, according to Eubel).

After the death of Pope Clement VII on September 16, 1394, Cardinal Brancaccio was one of 21 cardinals who met in the conclave to elect a successor. The conclave was opened on Saturday, September 26th, 1394, and concluded on Monday, September 28th, 1394, with the election of Cardinal Pedro de Luna , who was named Benedict XIII. assumed.

Trouble with Benedict XIII.

On September 1, 1398, eighteen cardinals, including Niccolò Brancaccio, published in Villeneuve the revocation of their obedience to Benedict XIII. A few weeks later, after negotiating with the Pope, they returned to him.

On June 29, 1408, thirteen cardinals (who brought with them the powers of two other cardinals) met in the port city of Livorno in Italy to draw up a manifesto in which they undertake to convene a general council of the Church to solve the problem of the occidental schism , one of them was Niccolò Brancaccio, Cardinal Bishop of Albano. When the Council of Pisa finally met on March 25, 1409, Brancaccio was a prominent member. In the vote on May 10, 1409 regarding the deposition and occupancy of Benedict XIII. and Gregory XII. with the excommunication , the result was almost unanimous, with the exception of Cardinal Guy de Malsec demanded and Cardinal Niccolò Brancaccio, the more time to think. The verdict was finally read on June 5th.

Conclaves

Brancaccio was one of the 24 cardinals who attended the conclave that was held during the council from June 15 to June 26, 1409. Cardinal Pietro Filargo was elected and took the papal name Alexander V. Alexander V only survived the election for 10½ months, but during this time he issued a decree which legitimized all cardinals of all obediences as a contribution to healing the wounds of the schism.

The conclave for the election of his successor took place in Bologna from May 15 to 17, 1410 , and Niccolò Brancaccio was again one of the 17 participating cardinals. The Neapolitan Cardinal Baldassare Cossa was elected and took the Pope's name John XXIII. on.

Cardinal Niccolò Brancaccio died in Florence on June 29, 1412 and was buried in the Church of Santa Maria Novella .

literature

  • Étienne Baluze ( Stephanus Baluzius ), Vitae Paparum Avenionensis: hoc est, historia pontificum romanorum qui in Gallia sederunt do anno Christi MCCCV usque ad annum MCCCXCIV, Tomus primus , Paris: Franciscum Muguet, 1693, pp. 1256–1259.
  • Lorenzo Cardella, Memorie storiche de'cardinali della santa Romana chiesa, Tomo secondo , Roma: Pagliarini, 1793, pp. 351-352.
  • Alfonso Chacón ( Alphonus Ciacconius ) ,. A. Oldoino (ed.), Vitae, et res gestae pontificum Romanorum et sre cardinalium, Tomus secundus , Roma: P. & A. de Rubeis (Rossi), 1677. p. 676
  • Konrad Eubel (ed.), Hierarchia catholica medii aevi, Tomus 1 , (2nd edition), Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana, 1913
  • Noël Valois, La France et le grand schisme d'Occident: Le schisme sous Charles V. Le schisme sous Charles VI jusqu'à la mort de Clément VII, Tome premier , Paris: A. Picard et fils, 1896
  • Noël Valois, La France et le grand schisme d'Occident: Efforts de La France pour obtenir l'abdication des deux pontifes rivaux , Paris: A. Picard et fils, 1901
  • Noël Valois, La France et le grand schisme d'Occident: Recours au Concile général, Tome IV , Paris: A. Picard et fils, 1902, pp. 9. 13-14, 36-37, 99, 104, 139, 177 , 197.

Web links

  • Dieter Girgensohn: Brancaccio, Niccolò , in: Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani , Volume 13 (1971) ( online )

Remarks

  1. ↑ Libro d'Oro della Nobilita mediterranea, Brancaccio del Vescovo , C2; accessed on September 19, 2017
  2. ↑ Baluze, p. 1259. Bufillo and his family moved to Avignon at the beginning of Clement VII's reign
  3. ↑ Baluze, p. 1256: erat de genere eodem sicut individuelle Barensis , in the words of Cardinal Bertrand Lagier
  4. ↑ Baluze, p. 1256; Emmanuele Cerchiari (1920), Capellani papae et apostolicae sedis auditores causarum sacri palatii apostolici seu sacra Romana Rota , Volume 2, p. 31, No. 173
  5. ↑ Girgensohn
  6. ↑ Eubel, p. 129.
  7. ↑ Baluze, p. 1256.
  8. ↑ Eubel, p. 220.
  9. ↑ Diario d'anonimo Fiorentino (ed. By Alessandro Gherardi), in: Marco Tabarrini (ed, 1876), Cronache dei secoli XIII e XIV: Annales Ptolemaei Lucensis Sanzanome iudicis Gesta Florentinorum, Diario di ser Giovanni di Lemmo da Comugnori, Diario d 'anonimo fiorentino, Chronicon Tolosani canonici Faventini , Florence, Tipi di M. Cellini e c. P. 331.
  10. ↑ Baluze, p. 1257; Valois I (1896), pp. 159-160
  11. ↑ Eubel, p. 27, footnote 2
  12. ↑ Valois IV (1902), p. 197 footnote 3
  13. ↑ Eubel, p. 35. Girgensohn mentions that there is a papal letter of October 8, 1389 in which he is named with his old title S. Maria in Trastevere.
  14. ↑ P. Adams, Sede Vacante 1394 , retrieved on: September 19, 2017
  15. ↑ Baluze, p. 1351. Martin de Alpartils, Chronica Actitatorum I (Paderborn 1906) (Ed. Ehrle) p. 35.
  16. ↑ Valois IV (1902), pp. 13-14. Agreement of Cardinals at Livorno (Livorno, June 29, 1408) , accessed on September 19, 2017.
  17. ↑ Valois IV (1902), p. 99.
  18. ↑ JP Adams, Sede Vacante 1409 , accessed: 19 September 2017
  19. ↑ P. Adams, Sede Vacante 1410 , accessed at: September 20, 2017; Valois IV (1902), p. 130.
  20. ↑ Ciacconius, p. 676. Cardella, p. 352.
personal data
SURNAME Brancaccio, Niccolò
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Archbishop of Bari and Cosenza, Cardinal
DATE OF BIRTH around 1335 or around 1340
PLACE OF BIRTH unsure: Naples
DATE OF DEATH June 29, 1412
Place of death Florence