Nicolas Chopin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nicolas Chopin
Justyna Chopin b. Krzyżanowska

Nicolas Chopin ( Polish: Mikołaj Chopin ); * April 15, 1771 in Marainville-sur-Madon , Lorraine ; † May 3, 1844 in Warsaw was a French - Polish language teacher in Poland . He is the father of Frédéric Chopin .

Life

Nicolas Chopin's parents were the wheelwright François Chopin (1737–1814) and his wife Marguerite nee. Deflin. Nicolas was employed on a vineyard. During the time his father was mayor ( syndic ) of Marainville, he made the acquaintance of some Poles . Among them was the estate manager Adam Weydlich.

Poland

When Michał Jan Pac (owner of Marainville since 1780) died, Nicolas Chopin and the Weydlichs emigrated to Poland at the end of 1787 (before the four-year-old Sejm ). He hired himself as an office worker and unskilled worker. Eventually he took on Polish citizenship and fought on the Polish side in the Russo-Polish War and the Kościuszko uprising . After the fall of the Kingdom of Poland through the Third Partition in 1795, he earned his living as a tutor for the French language for the Polish nobility ( Szlachta ). In the Łączyńska family (1795-1802) he taught the young, still unmarried Maria Walewska . From 1802 to 1810 Ludwika Fenger- Skarbkowa (1765–1827) was his employer. Her father was Jakob Fenger, a rich citizen from Thorn . She was the mother of Anna Skarbkówna (1793–1873) and Fryderyk Skarbek . Count Skarbek became the godfather of Frédéric Chopin. His son Józef (approx. 1818–1900) later married Chopin's fiancée Maria Wodzińska .

It was in this environment that Nicolas Chopin met Justyna Krzyżanowska , a relative of Ludwika from an impoverished nobility. When he married her on June 28, 1806, her family welcomed the connection. The marriage had four children:

Ludwika Skarbek was a friend of Samuel Linde , the rector of the Liceum Warszawskie . The school was founded in South Prussia in 1804 as the Royal Prussian Lyceum in Warsaw in the Saxon Palace and became part of the Duchy of Warsaw in 1807 .

Warsaw

Ludwika helped Nicolas Chopin get a job as a French teacher at the Liceum Warszawskie through Samuel Linde. From 1810, initially as a collaborator and from 1814 as a high school professor, he stayed there until the school closed in 1833. A few months after Frédéric's birth, the Chopins moved to Warsaw. In the school building they took in a few subtenants; among them was Julian Fontana , who became friends with the adolescent Frédéric. He worked for him as a copyist , arranger , secretary and impresario until his emigration to America (1841) . Like the University of Warsaw , the Liceum was closed by Tsar Nicholas I after the November Uprising. In Congress Poland , Nicolas Chopin became a teacher at the Catholic Seminary in 1815. There he was retired in 1837.

At the same time he was from 1812 professor of French at the Szkoła Elementarna Artylerii i Inżynierów , an artillery and engineering school. He was at the Szkoła Aplikacyjna Wojskowa Military School from 1820 until it was closed after the November Uprising . When the educational system was reorganized, he was to be employed at the planned Pedagogical Institute in 1833. With halved payments at the Liceum, he examined prospective teachers and works for French lessons in state schools. When the institute's plans failed, Nicolas Chopin retired in 1837. In the same year he briefly taught at the Akademia Duchowna for the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . He remained active for the state examination committee until 1841.

Grave of Nicolas Chopin

Like his youngest daughter before him and his son after him, he died of tuberculosis at the age of 73 . His wife survived him by 17 years. He rests in a shared grave with her in the Powązki cemetery .

Web links

Commons : Frédéric Chopin's family  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Wincenty Łopaciński: Chopin, Mikołaj (1937), p. 426.
  2. ↑ Michał Jan Pac (1730–1787) was a Polish magnate from Lithuania; cf. Michał Jan Pac (Polish Wikipedia)
  3. ↑ Anna Emilia Wiesiołowska (NIFC)
  4. ↑ Piotr Myslakowski: Warszawa Chopinów . 1st edition. Narodowy Instytut Fryderyka Chopina, Warszawa 2012, ISBN 978-83-61142-80-5 , p. 19 (Polish).
  5. ^ Samuel Linde (1771–1847) also came from a Thorner family.
personal data
SURNAME Chopin, Nicolas
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chopin, Mikołaj (Polish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French-Polish language teacher
DATE OF BIRTH April 15, 1771
PLACE OF BIRTH Marainville-sur-Madon
DATE OF DEATH May 3, 1844
Place of death Warsaw