Nicolaus Georgius Oosterdijk

Nicolaus Georgius Oosterdijk

Nicolaus Georgius Oosterdijk also: Nicolaas Georg Osterdijk (born February 16, 1740 in Utrecht , † September 3, 1817 in Leiden ) was a Dutch physician, chemist and botanist.

Life

The youngest son of Johannes Oosterdijk Schacht and Johanna Aletta Mol was prepared by his father for extensive training from an early age. Above all, his father had taught him the ancient languages ​​and a penchant for scientific subjects. After going through the Latin schools of his birthplace, he began studying medicine at the University of Utrecht . At the age of fourteen he had already given the speech de Graecarum literarum studio cum Medicina conjungendo here on January 24, 1754 . In Utrecht, especially Petrus Wesseling and Johann Friedrich Reitz in the Greek and Latin languages ​​as well as Jacob Gijsbert Woertman , his father, Evert Jacob van Wachendorff and Johann David Hahn in the medical sciences were his formative teachers. Here he had made himself thoroughly familiar with the ancient writings of Hippocrates of Kos and Galenus . But he was also interested in the more recent scientific developments of his time. At that time he dealt with the works of Herman Boerhaave and Thomas Sydenham .

Before he could begin his doctorate, he was advised to visit a few other universities. To this end, he went to the University of Leiden on July 30, 1760 , where he followed the lectures by Boerhaave, Hieronymus David Gaub , Bernhard Siegfried Albinus , Adriaan van Royen and Frederik Winter . His interest in ancient languages ​​made him attend lectures by Tiberius Hemsterhuis , David Ruhnken , Johannes Alberti and Albert Schultens . He stayed in Leiden for a year and returned to Utrecht in 1761. Under Hahn he received his doctorate there on June 15, 1762 with the chemical treatise de Aceto and then worked as a general practitioner in Utrecht. He had also given private lectures in Utrecht on botanical and chemical topics. In 1769 he became a member of the Zealand Society of Sciences and the Society of Sciences in Haarlem.

On October 3, 1770, the curators of the University of Harderwijk appointed him Professor of Chemistry and Botany; a task that he took on on June 12, 1771 with the inaugural speech qua demonstratur, Homines bene multos ex nimio vitae desiderio sibi mortem properare . In 1772/73 he was also rector of the university, in which capacity he held an unprinted resignation speech de Diligenti pauperum cura optimo adversus morbos contagiosos praesideo in 1773 . On May 24, 1775, the curators of the University of Leiden appointed him professor of medicine, specializing in theoretical medicine. He took over this chair on October 17, 1775 with the speech de studio medico in commune Reipublicae bonum quavis opera dirigenda (Leiden 1775). He also gave lectures on practical medicine from June 12, 1778 and on March 10, 1787 he was appointed Professor Collegii Medico-Practici. As part of the latter task, he took over the management of the Caecilia-gasthuis, where the students were introduced to their medical practice in practical lessons. It is a forerunner of today's Leiden University Hospital.

In 1805 he fell ill with cataracts , a disease that left him blind for four months. An intervention by Hennig Nissen, a surgeon and ophthalmologist from Amsterdam and Hoorn, enabled him to recover from the disease in May 1805. In his capacity as a university lecturer in Leiden, he also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1786/87 and 1806/07 . For this purpose he gave the speech Oratio de ardua Medicinae exercendae provincia on February 8, 1787 when the rectorate changed . Due to the events of the Leiden explosion during his second term as rector, on February 8, 1807, he decided not to give the rector's speech that had already been prepared and did not publish it. On October 16, 1815 he was retired while retaining the title of associate professor. After his death, his body was buried in Katwijck am See, near the grave of his second wife.

Iconographically it should be noted that the painting shown here was painted by Jacobus Buys (1724–1801) in 1793 and is in the Leiden Senate Chamber. This picture provided the template for a drawing made in 1803 by Abraham Delfos (1731–1820). Leendert Springer (1789–1871) also depicted him in his 1850 lithograph series of famous Dutch personalities.

Oosterdijk was married twice. His first marriage was on May 26, 1767 with Bartha Weveringh (born September 22, 1731; † October 30, 1783, buried in Delft), daughter of Adrian Weveringh (born April 10, 1700; † December 17, 1768) and Martina Baert (born December 21, 1705 in Schoonhoven, † October 17, 1783). His second marriage was on April 14, 1789 in Leiden with Cornelia Wilhelmina Graswinckel (born October 31, 1754 † January 26, 1807 in Leiden, born Katwijk am See), daughter of Gerhard Johann Graswinckel and Maria Geertruid van Alphen. She died of a head wound sustained on January 12 of the same year in the great Leiden explosion (Leidse Ramp). Both marriages remained childless.

Works

• Dissertation de aceto. Utrecht, 1763, reissued by Eduard Sandifort In: Thesauro dissertt. program. etc. ad omnem medicum ambitum pertinentium. Rotterdam 1768
• Waarneming eener pisvloeyinge, within a few days doodelijk. In: Negotiating van de Holl. maats. d. Wetensch. te Haarlem. 1770
• Negotiating van een zeldzaam gebrek van het dyebeen, ontsteking van het beenvlies, met afb. In: negot. vh Zeewsch. Genoots. Middelburg, 1771, Vol. II, pp. 340-360
• Concern about a moeilijke doorzwelging en inhouding van spijs en drank. In: negot. vh Zeewsch. Genoots. Middelburg 1780, Vol. VII, p. 185
• Praecepta medicinae practicae in usum Academiae digesta. Leiden 1783
• Waarneming bij de inenting of the children in a vaccine earth. In: Alg. Art. en Letterb. 1804, Vol. I, p. 83
• Korte waarnemingen en stellingen uit breedere geneeskundige opteekeningen getrokken. In: Geneesk. magazijn. Leiden 1815, vol. V, p. 1
• Prolusio ad lectiones publicas, the 5 Nov. 1812 habita (this is the work of Paradijs, which he added to his Opuscula academica)

Handwritten estate

• Dictata in Institutiones Medicas.
• de morbis sequioris sexus
• de morbis solidorum instrumentariis
• de primis lineis therapeutices generalis. (1816-1817).

literature

• H. Beeke: Lofrede of Nicolaus Georgius Oosterdijk. In: Vaderlandsche Letteroefeningen, of Tijdschrift van Kunsten en Wetenschnapen, was in de Boeken en Schriften, the Dageliejks in ons Vaderlanden elders uitkomen, oordeelkundig Tevens en vrijmoedig. Benevens Mengelwerk tot Fraaije Letteren, Kunsten en Wetenschappen betrekkelijk. GS Leeneman van der Kroe & JW Ijntema, Amsterdam, 1820, vol. 2, p. 585, ( online )
• Algemene const- en Letter-bode, voor het Jaar 1817. A. Loosjes, Haarlem, 1817, 1st volume, 2nd part, p. 180, ( online )
• GC B Suringar: Manufacture of het clinical Onderwijs in 1787. Aankoop van een Daarvoor bestemd Afzonderlijk born in 1797. The practical.geneskundige Lessen van Odsterdijk en Paradijs, benevens de heelkundige Klinik en het practical-riveted onderwijs van Meinhard Simon du Pui. Het theoretically Onderwijs der drie taken Hoogleeraren. In: Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, tevens organ of the Nederlandsche Maatschappij tot Bevordering der Geneeskunst. HA Frijlink, Amsterdam, 1869, vol. 13, part 2, section 2, p. 129, ( online )
• Jacobus Anspach: De Navorscher. JC Loman, 1882, Vol. 32, p. 299 ( online )
• Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical Woordenboek der Nederlanden. Verlag JJ van Brederode, Haarlem 1867, vol. 14, p. 152, ( online , Dutch)
• PH Simon Thomas: OOSTERDIJK (Nicolaas George) . In: Petrus Johannes Blok , Philipp Christiaan Molhuysen (Ed.): Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek . Part 3. N. Israel, Amsterdam 1974, Sp. 935–936 (Dutch, knaw.nl / dbnl.org - first edition: AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1914, reprint unchanged).
• August Hirsch , Ernst Julius Gurlt : Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of all times and peoples . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna and Leipzig 1886, Vol. 4, p. 427