Nieder-Neundorf
|
Nieder-Neundorf
City of Rothenburg / Upper Lusatia
Coordinates: 51 ° 18 ′ 50 ″ N , 14 ° 59 ′ 50 ″ E
|
|
|---|---|
| Height : | 167 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 9.63 km² |
| Residents : | 299 (2014) |
| Population density : | 31 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 1996 |
| Postal code : | 02929 |
| Area code : | 035891 |
Nieder-Neundorf is a district in the south of the small town of Rothenburg / OL in Upper Lusatia. In the south of the district lies the group of houses Kahlemeile .
geography
With its village structure, Nieder-Neundorf is located south of Rothenburg on the state road 127 , which runs from Bad Muskau along the Lusatian Neunda to Görlitz . The railway line Węgliniec – Roßlau runs south of Kahlemeile . Its nearest stations are in Horka and Bielawa Dolna (Niederbielau) . Nieder-Neundorf had a station on the former Horka – Rothenburg – Priebus small railway .
The Wiegands Canal flows from the north-west Geheeger "Wasserteile" to Nieder-Neundorf and flows into the Neisse.
history
Prehistory and early history
In Nieder-Neundorf and its surroundings there were several archaeological finds from various prehistoric epochs . Among them are a blunt-nosed flint ax , an iron arrowhead and bracteates . A Bronze Age burial ground southwest of the village was particularly productive , from which humpback urns , a bowl and a bronze arrowhead were recovered between 1896 and 1906 . The Early Bronze Age depot of Nieder-Neundorf , which among other things contained three marginal ridge axes , is another rich site .
In 1933 and 1934, the remains of a castle wall settlement were excavated. In 1940 and 1959 to 1964, further excavations followed at other sites, which, among other things, uncovered earlier grave sites.
Local history
The town was founded in the 13th century by German settlers as a lane village . Both the German place name and the exclusively German field names indicate this. The place was first mentioned in 1367 as Nuͤndorf by Rothinburg in a Görlitz town book. The place received the prefix Nieder- later to distinguish it from Ober-Neundorf near Görlitz.
The manor, founded in 1512, belonged to the von Nostitz family for several centuries . The manor in Geheege also belonged to the Nieder-Neundorf branch of the family until 1620 , after which it changed to the Rothenburg branch of the Nostizer.
Nieder-Neundorf's location along the Heeresstrasse between Rothenburg and Görlitz had a negative impact on the town during times of war. For example, during the Thirty Years War, imperial soldiers burned down the Kretscham and three farms in 1631 .
A school was founded in 1765, and a school building was built in 1807. Documents suggest that a school existed as early as the 16th century.
In the southern part of the district, the Kahlemeile district was built in 1806 .
New burdens came in 1813 due to the military passages due to the Napoleonic wars . After the Kingdom of Saxony fought on the French side for a long time, it had to cede the northeastern part of Upper Lusatia to the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815. After the district was founded in June 1816, Nieder-Neundorf was in the south of the Rothenburg district, near the border with the Görlitz district .
After the farmer Karl Fünfstück had acquired the grinding and oil mill in 1872, he set up a wood grinding shop and wood pulp factory there. There were cardboards and later leather paperboard produced, which acquired a far-reaching awareness.
The construction of the Horka – Rothenburg – Priebus small railway along with a train station brought Nieder-Neundorf a railway connection in 1907. A railway line branching off in Nieder-Neundorf to Penzig and Lauban was planned, but ultimately not built.
Towards the end of the Second World War , Nieder-Neundorf was again affected by the strong effects of the war. Among other things, 22 residential buildings, 16 barns and the castle were totally destroyed.
The former manor park was converted into a village park in 1962, which subsequently developed into a charming gem of the place.
On January 1, 1996 Nieder-Neundorf was incorporated into Rothenburg.
The former school was reopened in 2003 as a community center with a home parlor.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1825 | 349 |
| 1837 | 379 |
| 1871 | 393 |
| 1885 | 401 |
| 1905 | 478 |
| 1919 | 414 |
| 1925 | 431 |
| 1939 | 416 |
| 1946 | 477 |
| 1950 | 571 |
| 1964 | 451 |
| 1990 | 331 |
| 1995 | 360 |
| 2006 | 347 |
| 2011 | 331 |
| 2014 | 299 |
In 1777 there were 10 possessed men , 15 gardeners and 14 cottagers in Nieder-Neundorf .
The population rose continuously to almost 500 until the beginning of the 20th century, but fell to 416 by the outbreak of the Second World War. As a result of the admission of refugees and displaced persons from the formerly German eastern regions, the number rose again and reached 571 in 1950, but fell again to around 450 by 1964 and to around 320 by 1990. After the reunification, urban exodus favored stabilization and renewed population growth, so that in 2006 there were 347 inhabitants.
Place name
Documented spellings of the place name are "zu dem Nuͤndorf by Rothinburg" (1367), "zum Newendorff" (1403), "zum Newdorffchen by Rotemburg" (1415), "vom Newdorffe by Rothenburg" (1450), "Newndorff bei Rottemburgk" ( 1533) and "Neundorff" (1567 and 1664). In August Siegmund von Zeutsch's alphabetical [m] index of all […] offices, cities, castles, villages and forest roads in the Electorate of Saxony […] there is “Nieder Neundorf” in 1768.
literature
- From the Muskauer Heide to the Rotstein. Home book of the Lower Silesian Upper Lusatia District. Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2006, ISBN 978-3-929091-96-0 , p. 322 f .
Individual evidence
- ^ Walter Frenzel : Prehistory finds of the Rothenburg district together with an introduction to the prehistory of Upper Lusatia . In: Oberlausitzer Heimatstudien . Booklet 8. Müller, Bautzen 1926, p. 45-46 .
- ↑ a b Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Ortnamesbuch der Oberlausitz . Studies on the toponymy of the districts of Bautzen, Bischofswerda, Görlitz, Hoyerswerda, Kamenz, Löbau, Niesky, Senftenberg, Weißwasser and Zittau. I name book. In: German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history . tape 28 . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975, p. 204-205 .
- ^ A b Robert Pohl : Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home . Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1924, p. 83, 270 f .
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1996
- ↑ a b Nieder-Neundorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ City of Rothenburg / OL - Information on the village of Nieder-Neundorf. Retrieved May 26, 2008 .
- ↑ Saxony regional register. Retrieved May 26, 2008 .
- ↑ Data sheet on the population statistics of the Free State of Saxony in Rothenburg from May 9, 2011 (Excel document as download)
Web links
