Nikolai Iwanowitsch Lohrer
Nikolai Iwanowitsch Lohrer ( Russian: Николай Иванович Лорер / Nikolaj Ivanovič Lohrer; * 1794 in the Cherson Governorate ; † in May 1873 in Poltava ) was a Russian major . Under the Decembrists he was considered a confidante of Pestel and was a member of the Northern and Southern League of the political secret society.
Nikolai's ancestors on his father's side had fled Lorraine to Germany as religiously persecuted . The father came to Russia later as a Holstein soldier. Nikolai, son of a Grusin mother from the noble house of the Zizischwilis, had two brothers and five sisters. After his father's death, the Poltava comedy poet Vasily Kapnist took him in on his estate. Kapnist's son was the husband of Sergei Muravyov-Apostol's sister.
Nikolai Lohrer started his career as an officer on March 22, 1812 and took part in the battles for Dresden , Kulm , Leipzig and Paris as an ensign in the Moscow bodyguard regiment . On August 26, 1817 he became a second lieutenant and on July 4, 1818 a lieutenant. On November 11, 1819, Lohrer resigned from military service, but rejoined his regiment on May 21, 1820. Became major on November 26, 1822, he joined the 102nd Vyatka Infantry Regiment and thus came close to Pestel. Evgeny Obolensky accepted him into the secret society of the Decembrists in 1824.
On December 23, 1825, Nikolai Lohrer was arrested in Tultschyn and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress . On July 10, 1826, he was sentenced to fifteen years in katorga . The sentence was initially reduced to twelve and on August 22, 1826 to eight years. On January 27, 1827, the journey went east from Saint Petersburg . On March 17, 1827 Lohrer reached the Tschita prison . In September 1830 he was taken to the Peter Works (Petrovsk). Lohrer was not up to the hard work in the Russian coal and steel industry. Relatives, together with the Decembrist Mikhail Mikhailovich Naryshkin, tried in vain to relocate to Myortvy Kultuk on Baikal in the Irkutsk region . But Alexandra Smirnowa obtained Lohrer's life-saving move to Kurgan . The exile arrived there in civilization on March 14, 1833. In 1837 the tranquil literary life near Naryschkin came to an end with conversations in French, English, German, Italian and Polish. Major Lohrer was sent to the Caucasus War as a commoner and had to leave Kurgan on August 21. The common served again on October 10, 1840, through the NCO, and was released into civilian life on February 11, 1842. However, he had to avoid Saint Petersburg. As a soldier in the Caucasus he met Lev Pushkin and Mikhail Lermontov . The latter was a friend of his brother's, who died in 1826.
In Kherson he lived on the property of one of his brothers. In 1851 he was allowed to stay temporarily in Moscow and from 1856 even in Saint Petersburg. Nikolai Lohrer eventually settled in Poltava and stayed there.
His memoirs were published in the Soviet Union in 1930 and are still considered to be a treasure trove of the living conditions of the convicted Decembrists in Siberia.
plant
translation to German
- NI Lorer: Memories . Translator: Joachim Winsmann. Publisher epubli.de . Berlin 2017, ISBN 978-3-7450-3947-4 ), 380 pages
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russian ru: Северное тайное общество
- ↑ Russian ru: Южное общество декабристов
- ↑ Russian ru: Цицишвили
- ↑ Russian ru: Московский лейб-гвардии полк
- ↑ Russian ru: Вятский 102-й пехотный полк
- ↑ Russian ru: Читинский острог
- ↑ Russian ru: Нарышкин, Михаил Михайлович
- ↑ Russian Мёртвый Култук
- ↑ Russian ru: Отдельный Кавказский корпус (Российская империя)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lohrer, Nikolai Iwanowitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Лорер, Николай Иванович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian major, author and Decembrist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1794 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kherson Governorate |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 1873 |
| Place of death | Poltava |