Kurgan (city)

city Kurgan Курган flag coat of arms Federal district Ural Oblast Kurgan Urban district Kurgan mayor Andrey Yurievich Potapov (Андрей Юрьевич Потапов) Founded 1679 City since 1782 surface 390  km² population 333,606 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 855 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 75  m Time zone UTC + 5 Telephone code (+7) 3522 Post Code 640000-640041 License Plate 45 OKATO 37 401 Website www.kurgan-city.ru Geographical location Coordinates 55 ° 26 '  N , 65 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 55 ° 26 '27 "  N , 65 ° 20' 28"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Kurgan Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Kurgan ( Russian Курга́н ) is a city in the southwest of Siberia in Russia and the administrative seat of the Kurgan Oblast with 333,606 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

Kurgan is located in the west of the Ishim Plain on the left bank of the Tobol River , about 1700 km east of Moscow, not far from the border with Kazakhstan . The urban area covers 390 km².

Kurgan
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     21st   -13 -21     13   -10 -20     14th   -2 -12     23   10 -1     33   19th 6th     55   24 11     55   26th 14th     54   22nd 11     37   17th 6th     33   7th -2     27   -3 -10     20th   -9 -18 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: Roshydromet

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Kurgan Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) −12.6 −10.3 −2.0 10.3 18.9 23.8 25.7 22.4 16.8 6.6 −2.8 −9.3 O 7.4 Min. Temperature (° C) −21.4 −20.2 −12.1 −0.6 5.9 11.4 14.1 10.8 5.7 −1.5 −10.0 −17.5 O −2.9 Precipitation ( mm ) 21st 13 14th 23 33 55 55 54 37 33 27 20th Σ 385 Rainy days ( d ) 7th 5 4th 5 6th 8th 9 8th 8th 8th 7th 6th Σ 81 Source: Roshydromet

history

The name of the city comes from a large kurgan ( Tsarev Kurgan ), not far from which the first settlers settled.

The settlement of Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городище) was founded by Timofei Neweschin, a farmer from Tyumen County , between 1659 and 1662. Zarjowo Gorodishche, later also called Kurganskaja Sloboda (Курганская Слобода), was expanded into a fortress in the following years. It served as a border post and protected other Russian settlements from nomad attacks. Several times Tsarevo Gorodishche could not withstand the attacks, was looted and burned down.

According to the decision of the city Duma of Kurgan from September 16, 2009 № 255 "On the Date of Establishment of the City of Kurgan" the date of the establishment of the Kurgan is considered to be 1679 year.

Towards the end of the 17th century, the settlement was moved 8 km downstream. In 1710 it consisted of 72 farms and had 539 inhabitants. In the course of the next decades the fortress was expanded and in the middle of the 18th century consisted of the old town , which was enclosed with the wooden Kremlin , and the new town with a city wall, eight bastions and a moat. The garrison numbered about a thousand soldiers and 28 cannons. After the development of new territories in the south and the relocation of the line of defense, Zaryovo Gorodishche lost its military importance and the fortifications were dismantled in the 1860s.

Fur traders in the market in Kurgan. In the middle, standing, Hugo Fränkel from Leipzig (1900)

On January 19, 1782, Tsarina Catherine II granted the settlement city rights and a name that the city still bears today. According to the same ordinance, Kurgan was placed under the Kurgan District (уезд, Ujesd ). In another decree of March 17, 1785, the city's coat of arms was recognized.

Because of its remote location, Kurgan was used by the monarchy as a place of exile for political prisoners. Many Decembrists also lived here , including Wilhelm Küchelbecker and Andrei Evgenjewitsch Rosen . After the bloody uprising of 1863/1864 in the part of Poland annexed by Russia , 93 Polish patriots were banished to Kurgan. In 1895 almost half of the city's seven thousand inhabitants were political exiles.

From the middle of the 19th century, Kurgan became a center for processing and selling agricultural products. The connection to the railway network of the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1893 also made Kurgan very important for industry. The city grew very rapidly. Before 1917 it had around 40,000 residents and up to 60 companies. The telegraph office was built in 1887, the first cinema in 1910 ( Progress , still exists), street lighting has been around since 1914.

During the Second World War, many factories were relocated from western Russia to the east. So Kurgan got more businesses, the population grew by 20,000 people, in 1943 Kurgan became the administrative seat of the newly founded Kurgan Oblast . In the 1950s, large companies were built that characterize the cityscape today: Kurganchimmasch and KAwS , the thermal power station.

Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1982).

In April and May 1994 Kurgan suffered a flood disaster .

In March 1998 the city of Kurgan received its current coat of arms.

Population development

year Residents 1710 539 1789 1,071 1897 10.301 1913 30,000

year Residents 1926 28,000 1939 53,253 1959 145.712 1970 243,850

year Residents 1979 309,863 1989 355,517 2002 345,515 2010 333606

year Residents 2012 327,898 2014 325,720 2018 318.045

Note: 1897, 1926-2010 census data (1926 rounded)

politics

As in other Russian cities, the city parliament ( Duma ) and the mayor are elected every four years. Anatoly Fjodorowitsch Jeltschaninow (* 1946) headed the city's administration from 1991 to 2004 and was mayor from 1996 to 2009. Sergej Wladimirowitsch Rudenko (* 1970) has been the incumbent mayor since September 24, 2014.

Town twinning

Kurgan lists the following twin cities :

• Rufina , Italy , since 1982
• Appleton , USA , since 1990

Culture and sights

Fire watchtower in Kurgan

theatre

• Dramaturgical theater
• Gulliver Puppet Theater

Museums

• Museum of local history
• Museum of Art
• Decembrist Museum
• Kurgansky Aviation Museum
• Museum of the poet SA Vasiliev

Economy and Infrastructure

80 large and medium-sized companies are located in Kurgan, producing, among other things, the following products:

• Armored BMP-3 , mini tractors, trailer car (OAO Kurganmaschsawod )
• Minibuses (OAO KAwZ )
• Vehicles for road construction (OAO KSDM )
• Components for metal bridges (SAO Kurganstalmost )
• Woodworking machines (OOO SDS )
• Medicines (OAO AKO Sintes )
• Clothing, footwear

traffic

Kurgan is a major transport hub.

There is an airport here .

The city has two train stations and is on the Trans-Siberian Railway . The main directions of traffic are: Ekaterinburg , Chelyabinsk , Omsk .

The R354 trunk road connects the city with Yekaterinburg.

education

• State University
• International University
• Agrarian Academy
• Military Institute of the Border Forces
• Music college

Research centers

• Research Center for Reconstruction Traumatology and Orthopedics
• Center for valve gastroenterology

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

• Dmitri Buschmanow (* 1978), football player
• Ivan Chudjakow (1842–1876), revolutionary, folklorist and ethnographer
• Maxim Fadejew (* 1968), music producer, director, arranger, composer and songwriter
• Evgenia Grekova (* 1974), German opera and concert singer of Russian origin
• Larissa Korobeinikowa (* 1987), foil fencer and world champion
• Yevgeny Krassilnikov (1965-2014), volleyball player
• Leonid Krassin (1870–1926), revolutionary and comrade in arms of Lenin
• Dmitri Loskow (* 1974), football player
• Alexander Ogarkow (* 1987), biathlete
• Leonid Polowinkin (1894–1949), composer
• Jana Romanowa (* 1983), biathlete
• Sergei Rublevsky (* 1974), chess player
• Julija Sawitschewa (* 1987), singer
• Jelena Shirotschenko (* 1983), local politician
• Gennady Solodov (1934-2020), walker
• Irina Starych (* 1987), biathlete
• Jelena Temnikowa (* 1985), singer in the girl band Serebro

Personalities associated with Kurgan

• The painter Vitaly Goryayev (1910–1982) worked in the city for eleven years
• Gawriil Ilisarow (1921–1992), orthopedist, founder and long-time director of the RNZ WTO research center
• Writer Vsevolod Ivanov (1895–1963) began his work here
• Jakow Witebski (1919–1992), gastroenterologist

literature

• А. Васильева Забытый Курган , Publishing House Зауралье , Kurgan, 1997

Picture gallery

• 

  Lenin Square

• 

  Kuibyshev Street (Summer 2011)

• 

  Marshal Golikov Prospectus (Summer 2012)

• 

  Philharmonic

• 

  State Playhouse

• 

  Home of Wilhelm Küchelbecker (now a museum)

• 

  Russian Orthodox Church in honor of the Port Arthur Icon of the Mother of God

• 

  Russian Orthodox Church Cathedral on behalf of the Holy Prince Alexander Nevsky

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  Main post

• 

  Kurgan Airport

• 

  Reception building

• 

  Central market

Web links

Commons : Kurgan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Kurgan  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Short information page (English)
• Kurgan on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Решение Курганской городской Думы "О дате основания города Кургана" от 16 сентября 2009 года № 255 (Russian)
3. ↑ Official website
4. ↑ Бушманов Дмитрий Владимирович , footballfacts.ru (Russian)