Nonane

Structural formula
General
Surname	Nonane
other names	n -Nonan
Molecular formula	C 9 H 20
Brief description	colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	203-913-4
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.558
PubChem	8141
Wikidata	Q150694
properties
Molar mass	128.26 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.72 g cm −3 (liquid, 20 ° C); 0.003901 g cm −3 (gaseous, 151 ° C);
Melting point	−54 ° C
boiling point	151 ° C
Vapor pressure	4.8 h Pa (20 ° C); 8.7 hPa (30 ° C); 14.1 hPa (40 ° C); 24.1 hPa (50 ° C);
solubility	practically insoluble in water; good in many organic solvents;
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 226-304-315-336-410
	P: 210-273-301 + 310-304 + 340 + 312-331-391
MAK	Switzerland: 200 ml m −3 or 1050 mg m −3
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

As nonane an unbranched refers alkane with the molecular formula C ₉ H ₂₀ . The group of its isomers is called nonanes .

properties

All 35 isomers are colorless, flammable liquids with a gasoline-like odor. The unbranched nonane melts at −54 ° C and boils at 151 ° C; the almost spherical 3,3-diethylpentane melts at −33 ° C. Nonanes are insoluble in water and can be mixed with most organic solvents in any ratio.

Nonane is considered a highly flammable liquid. Flammable vapor-air mixtures can form above the flash point. The compound has a flash point of 31 ° C. The explosion range is between 0.7% by volume (37 g / m ³ ) as the lower explosion limit (LEL) and 5.6% by volume (300 g / m ³ ) as the upper explosion limit (UEL). The limit gap width was determined to be 0.87 mm. This results in an assignment to explosion group IIA. The ignition temperature is 205 ° C. The substance therefore falls into temperature class T3.

use

Nonane is a component of fuels . It is used as an entrainer in distillation technology. Nonane is also used for the synthesis of detergent substances. It is also used to calibrate fire brigade measuring devices with which explosive atmospheres are detected - so-called EX meters .

hazards

Nonane is flammable; Nonane containers must be kept in a well-ventilated place. Furthermore, it must be kept away from sources of ignition and measures must be taken against electrostatic charging. Nonane forms explosive mixtures with an air volume fraction of 0.7 to 5.6%.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b entry on nonane. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Entry on nonane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on April 16, 2018(JavaScript required) .
↑ Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 111-84-2 or N-nonane ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
↑ Cheric: Datasheet of 3,3-DIETHYLPENTANE ( Memento from April 30, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters. Volume 1: Flammable Liquids and Gases. Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft, Bremerhaven 2003.

Web links

Commons : Nonane - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wiktionary: Nonane - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

[roempp-1] try on nonane. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.

[GESTIS-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Entry on nonane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on April 16, 2018(JavaScript required) .

[3] Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 111-84-2 or N-nonane ), accessed on November 2, 2015.

[cheric-4] Cheric: Datasheet of 3,3-DIETHYLPENTANE ( Memento from April 30, 2005 in the Internet Archive )

[Brandes-5] E. Brandes, W. Möller: Safety-related parameters. Volume 1: Flammable Liquids and Gases. Wirtschaftsverlag NW - Verlag für neue Wissenschaft, Bremerhaven 2003.