Neustadt dam
| Talsperre Neustadt / Neustädter Talsperre (Nordhäuser Talsperre) |
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 34 '50 " N , 10 ° 52' 2" E | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Construction time: | 1904-1905 | ||||||||
| Height above valley floor: | 32 m | ||||||||
| Height above foundation level : | 33.76 m | ||||||||
| Height of the structure crown: | 448.62 m above sea level NN | ||||||||
| Building volume: | 32 000 m³ | ||||||||
| Crown length: | 134 m / 134.6 m | ||||||||
| Crown width: | 4.25 m | ||||||||
| Base width: | 19 m | ||||||||
| Radius of curvature : | 125 m | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Altitude (at congestion destination ) | 445.98 m above sea level NN | ||||||||
| Water surface | 14 ha (0.14 km²); 13.68 ha (0.1368 km²) |
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| Reservoir length | 1.5 km | ||||||||
| Reservoir width | Max. 200 m | ||||||||
| Storage space | 1.230 million m³ | ||||||||
| Total storage space : | 1.25 million m³ | ||||||||
| Catchment area | 5.4 km² | ||||||||
| Design flood : | 4 m³ / s | ||||||||
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Values before the dam wall increase in 1922/23 Height above foundation level: 27.50 m Crown length: 120.58 m Storage space: 845,000 m³ |
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The dam Neustadt (also Neustadt or Nordhäuser dam called) in the resin is a Built in 1904 and 1905 from the dam , reservoir and hydroelectric power station existing dam near Neustadt in the district of Nordhausen in Thuringia .
The dam provides drinking water for Nordhausen and Neustadt; the water is delivered to the Nordhausen water association . It has the oldest dam in Thuringia. The dammed body of water is the Krebsbach . The dam belongs to the Free State of Thuringia and is operated by the Thuringian long-distance water supply (TFW).
Bathing and recreational sports in the reservoir are prohibited, as is entering the dam, but you can hike around the reservoir.
Geographical location
The Neustadt dam is located in the southern Harz in the southern Harz nature reserve . It is located about 3 km (as the crow flies ) northeast of Neustadt on the upper reaches of the Thyra tributary Krebsbach, among other things between the beggar ( 568.8 m ) in the northeast, Mittelberg ( 533 m ) in the southeast and Heidelberg ( 527.5 m ) in the west.
Dam wall
The curved gravity dam, which dams the Krebsbach by its own weight, is about 134 m (according to other information 134.6 m) long and 4.25 m at its crown and around 19 m wide at the base. It is 32 m high above the valley floor and 33.76 m above the foundation floor . The top of the wall is 448.62 m above sea level. NN . The wall, which consists of rubble stones and has a surface made of natural stone on its air side , has an overflow with 11 openings, each 5 m wide. The raw water output is on average around 5,500 m³ per day. The terrain height on the water side of the dam is 420.48 m and on its air side is 420.98 m .
Reservoir
The reservoir is about 14 ha (0.14 km²) (according to other information 13.68 ha (0.1368 km²)). It extends approximately in north-north-east-south-south-west direction for almost 1.5 km and is a maximum of about 200 m wide in its central part. It has 1.230 million m³ of storage space and 1.25 million m³ of total storage space . Its target is 445.98 m . The catchment area is 5.4 km². The design flood is 4 m³ / s.
Hydroelectric power plant
The difference in altitude between the dam and the city of Nordhausen is around 180 meters. This gradient is used to generate energy by means of a Pelton turbine from Siemens . The water reaches a turbine house via an approximately 11 km (according to other information 10.6 km) long cast iron pipeline with a diameter of 400 mm at the Osterstrasse elevated tank. The energy generated is around 300,000 to 400,000 kWh per year. It is used to operate the Nordhausen tram during the day and for city lighting at night.
history
construction
Despite the expansion of Nordhausen's water supply in 1878 through the construction of collecting wells on the Garthoffwiese northwest of Neustadt and a water supply from the Otto tunnel in the Ilfeld valley, there were repeated bottlenecks in drinking water. An expert opinion came to the conclusion that this could only be remedied by building a “dam”. An area in which there are no settlements and no arable land seemed to be particularly suitable.
In 1900 the planning for the construction of a dam with a curved gravity dam made of rubble masonry according to the Intze principle began. The Nordhausen city council approved the construction on March 17, 1902 with 28 votes and 6 against. With an estimated consumption of 100 liters per capita per day (including water for industrial purposes), the dam was designed for the drinking water supply of around 45,000 people, which corresponds to an annual water volume of 1,642,500 m³. In March 1904, work began on clearing the area of the future reservoir. The project management was carried out by the Berlin hydraulic engineering inspector Mattern, the construction management on site was in the hands of the government master builder and Nordhausen city planning officer Michael. Mostly Italian experts were used for the work. The material was transported from Neustadt on a field railway. The Neustädter Ratskeller operated a canteen barrack on the construction site.
The completion of the dam was planned for December 1, 1904. This deadline could not be kept due to a lack of manpower and the prolonged cold that set in too early. The work was stopped and only resumed in March 1905. A temporary lack of stones and strong summer vegetation in the already completely cleared reservoir further delayed the work. After weeks of rain and heavy snowstorms, the building inspection could finally take place on October 13, 1905. The water was dammed up from 1:43 p.m., and a fifth of the storage space was filled after just three days . The total construction costs were 1.4 million gold marks .
Conversions
Despite the success of the dam, there were repeated bottlenecks in the water supply in dry years. In addition, the demand for water increased steadily, especially after the construction of the Nordhausen sewer system (1913–1915) and because of the increasing water demand of the Deutsche Reichsbahn.
For these reasons, the city of Nordhausen submitted a building application in 1920 to increase the dam. The technical requirements for this had already been taken into account when the dam was built. In 1922 and 1923 the concrete dam was raised by 6.26 m. This increased the storage volume by 385,000 m³.
In 1940, an approximately 150 m long pre-barrier was created directly above the reservoir at the reservoir root and thus at the influence of the Krebsbach in the basin as a sedimentation basin for floating and suspended matter.
Inspections at irregular intervals took place from 1965 onwards. In 1983 a comprehensive examination of the reservoir condition was carried out, the result of which was the first rehabilitation work with shotcrete . Further investigations in 1990 and 1991 revealed the need for a general overhaul. As a first step, congestion was limited to 800,000 m³ in 1992. Thereafter, between 1997 and 2001, a general renovation was carried out according to monument preservation criteria. The dam wall was sealed with asphalt concrete on the water side , the “Intze wedge” was replaced by a sealing curtain, and an inspection corridor was built at the foot of the dam wall. The masonry on the air side of the dam, including the valve houses, was renovated, as was the top of the wall. The two extraction towers were reproduced true to the original and moved further into the reservoir.
After the amended Drinking Water Ordinance (TrinkwV 2001) required the treatment of surface water, a waterworks had to be built in the north houses Alexander-Puschkin-Straße for the continued use of the dam water for drinking water supply 2004–2007.
hike
While it is forbidden to cross the dam, you can hike around the reservoir. The Neustadt dam is included as no. 218 in the system of stamping points of the Harz hiking pin; the stamp box ( ⊙ ) is located near the west end of the dam.
literature
- Martin Schmidt : Dams in the Harz, East and West Harz . Updated by Rainer Tonn. 9th edition. Paper plane, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-86948-251-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa from info document ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Measures for the maintenance and rehabilitation of asphalt concrete seals at dams in Thuringia (see also dam wall sketch; pdf ; 6.63 MB)
- ↑ a b c d e Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ a b Information board on the dam wall: Neustadt dam , Harzklub -Zweigverein Neustadt / Osterode in the Neustädter dam , photo on ausflugsziel-harz.de
- ↑ a b Information board on the dam: You can understand life backwards, but you have to live it forwards ( memento from February 11, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ), Nordhausen water association, photo on blog.de
- ↑ Harzer Wanderadel: stamp 218 / Neustädter Talsperre , on harzer-wandernadel.de
See also
Web links
- Thuringian long-distance water supply (operator of the dam), on thueringer-fernwasser.de
- Hydro Ingenieurgesellschaft Weimar: Neustadt Dam - General repair ( Memento of 28 September 2007 at the Internet Archive ) on hydroprojekt.de (PDF file, 106 kB)
- Nordhäuser Talsperre (Talsperre Neustadt) , on harz-urlaub.de