Nunciature dispute

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Nunciature dispute in the 18th century in the Holy Roman Empire was a dispute between the Pope , the Emperor and the bishops over the increasing power of the " Apostolic Nuncio ". The climax of this dispute was the establishment of the Nunciature in Munich , which eventually led to the Emser punctuation .

history

Until the secularization in 1803, the bishops in the Holy Roman Empire were also secular princes , they exercised special ecclesiastical rights, including appointments, dispensations and visits , and they represented episcopalism in a special way .

His debut took the dispute between the Holy See and the bishops with the decisions of the Council of Basle (1431-1449), already had here the Roman-German King Albrecht II. With the Mainzer acceptation of 1439, the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges (1438 ) was considered a role model, took a stand against the council resolutions. The Mainz declaration, however, was not included in the Reich law and thus lost its power as a means of exerting pressure on the Pope. With the Vienna Concordat (1448) the power struggles between church and empire subsided. The Counter Reformation also changed the structures within the church. To enforce the Trent resolutions , Pope Sixtus V (1585–1590) gave the Curia more power. With the establishment of new permanent nunciatures and the Congregation of Cardinals , Rome began with stricter controls and penetrated the internal affairs of the dioceses , in France and in the Holy Roman Empire countercurrents arose, which in 1769 led to a serious crisis between Rome and the empire.

This year the Archbishops and Electors of Kurköln , Kurmainz and Kurtrier had objected with the Koblenz Gravamina resolutions of the Councils of Constance and Basel. With their complaints (Gravamina) they demanded back previous episcopal rights, they denied the nuncio ecclesiastical jurisdiction and advocated greater independence from the papal authorities. The bishops forbade independent contact with the nunciatures in their dioceses . With their overall demands , however, they encountered the resistance of Emperor Joseph II and saw themselves left alone by some bishops in their demands.

The Bavarian Elector Karl Theodor entertained Pope Pius VI. (1775–1799) good relations and supported the establishment of the papal nunciature on June 7, 1784 in Munich . Bavaria promised itself both financial and ecclesiastical advantages with this “court nunciature”, the first nuncio was Giulio Cesare Zoglio . The Pope had given him the rights of ecclesiastical jurisdiction and wanted to appoint him "Archbishop in Bavaria". This measure led to violent counter-arguments from the bishops of Freising and Speyer . The Emperor, the Reichstag and the Reich Church refused to recognize the Munich nunciature and the Ems congress of 1786 saw the punctuation of the Ems. As a result of the disagreement among the archbishops and bishops, the goal was not achieved.

literature

Web links