Obidoxime chloride

Structural formula
	Cation ; (chloride counterions not shown)
General
Non-proprietary name	Obidoxime chloride
other names	1,1 '- [Oxybis (methylene)] to {4 - [( E ) - (hydroxyimino) methyl] pyridinium} dichloride
Molecular formula	C 14 H 16 Cl 2 N 4 O 3
Brief description	white solid
External identifiers / databases
EC number	204-059-5
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.690
PubChem	5359290
Wikidata	Q416595
Drug information
ATC code	V03 AB13
Drug class	Antidote
properties
Molar mass	359.21 g · mol -1 (dichloride: C 14 H 16 Cl 2 N 4 O 3 )
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	225 ° C (decomposition)
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	172 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , mouse , im )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Obidoxime chloride ( trade name Toxogonin ^® from Merck KGaA ) is an antidote against toxins of the phosphoric and phosphonic acid ester type . This can, for a chemical warfare agents such as Sarin his or pesticides used substances such as parathion ( E 605 ). Obidoxime chloride acts as an acetylcholinesterase reactivator when this enzyme is blocked by such acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.

Obidoxime chloride is administered after or during simultaneous administration of atropine . For example, NATO soldiers have auto-injectors available for self-injection into the thigh that contain 2 mg atropine and 220 mg obidoxime chloride and auto-injectors only contain 2 mg atropine. Most of these autoinjectors come from DIL Limited (formerly duphar-interfran Limited ) based in Thane (India).

Isomerism

The dichloride with the empirical formula C ₁₄ H ₁₆ Cl ₂ N ₄ O ₃ exists in two mutually convertible isomeric forms ( syn and anti ) with different melting points:

235-236 ° C ( syn form) and
218-220 ° C ( anti -form).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Data sheet Obidoxime chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on January 4, 2013 ( PDF ).
^ ^A ^b ^c The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals , 14th Edition (Merck & Co., Inc.), Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA, 2006; P. 1166, ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1 .
↑ Entry on obidoxime chloride in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .
↑ Acetylcholine Esterase Reactivators , Spektrum.de
↑ Development of a modern ABC self-help set for disaster control (Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Aid) ( Memento from January 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive )

[Sigma-1] Data sheet Obidoxime chloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on January 4, 2013 ( PDF ).

[MERCK_Index-2] A ^b ^c The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals , 14th Edition (Merck & Co., Inc.), Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA, 2006; P. 1166, ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1 .

[ChemIDplus-3] Entry on obidoxime chloride in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) .

[4] Acetylcholine Esterase Reactivators , Spektrum.de

[5] Development of a modern ABC self-help set for disaster control (Federal Office for Civil Protection and Disaster Aid) ( Memento from January 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive )