Danube-Oder Canal
| Danube-Oder Canal | |
|---|---|
| abbreviation | DOK |
| location | Austria, Poland |
| length | 2.3 km (Austrian part) |
| Built | 1939–1940 (Austria), 1964–1970 (section in Poland) |
| class | approved for small boats (A), approved for swimming (A) |
| Beginning | eastern bank of the Danube in Vienna-Lobau |
| The End | planned: Cosel (Poland), realized: Vienna-Lobau |
| Kilometrage | From the Danube to the Oder |
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The Danube-Oder Canal , also called Oder-Danube Canal ( Polish: Kanał Odra-Dunaj ), is a projected artificial waterway from the Lobau in Vienna ( ⊙ ) over the March through Moravia to the Oder near Cosel (Koźle, ⊙ ) in Upper Silesia , which was not completed.
Even Emperor Charles IV had the vision of a navigable connection between the rivers Oder and Danube in the 14th century . Other ideas about the construction of this inland waterway come from the 19th century.
In 1903 the Austrian government announced a competition for a ship lift 35.9 meters high near Prerau , to which 204 designs were received.
During the Nazi era , the plans for the canal were resumed, and a project of a waterway of 320 kilometers in length was created, which should begin on the Oder near Cosel (Koźle) and end in Vienna and overcome a height difference of 124 meters would have to.
On December 8, 1939, what was then known as the Adolf Hitler Canal , today's Gleiwitz Canal , was inaugurated by Rudolf Hess . At the same time, he broke ground for the Oder-Danube Canal. Work on the canal on the Upper Silesian side was stopped in 1940.
Of the approximately 40-kilometer route from Vienna to Angern an der March planned in Austria, only a few kilometers in the Lobau and near Groß-Enzersdorf north-east of Vienna were realized by 1940 . Specifically, these are four short sections (labeled DOK I – IV). The first part of the Danube-Oder Canal (I) can still be clearly seen on the northeastern bank of the Vienna-Lobau tank port , one of Vienna's ports . The remaining three sections of the canal (DOK II – IV) are mainly used as bathing and fishing waters. The sections DOK III – IV were parceled out from the 1960s and are now in a kind of allotment garden settlement, these parts are outside the Lobau and most of them (only a small part of DOK III is in Vienna) in the area of Lower Austria . DOK II, with a length of around 2.3 kilometers, is located in the area of the Lobau nature reserve in the Donau-Auen National Park , unlike the other two parts of the canal (III – IV), it is natural and serves as a swimming lake. The part of the Danube-Oder Canal in the Lobau is also the widest and largest of the four completed canal sections.
Canal basins II and III are also referred to as two and three canals by the City of Vienna . Neighboring residents form the water cooperative to keep the DOK IV clean and clean.
Between 1964 and 1970 some of the old plans were taken up by the People's Republic of Poland and the branch from the Gliwice Canal was completed. The completed section, only a few kilometers long, is now known as the Kandrziner Canal (Polish Canal Kędzierzynski ) and serves as a connection between the nitrogen works Azoty Kędzierzyn AG and the Oder.
In the 1990s, both Austria and the Czech Republic promoted further construction. However, there were massive environmental concerns. In 1999 the WWF presented a study according to which a construction would affect a total of 61 nature reserves with a total area of 400,000 hectares , as would not occur anywhere else in Europe.
See also
Web links
- Donau-Oder-Elbe water corridor website
- Entry on the Danube-Oder Canal in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung No. 20 of March 8, 1905, pp. 125–132
- ↑ https://www.wien.gv.at/freizeit/baden/natur/naturbadegewaesser.html#donauoder Wiener Naturgewässer - Badespaß im Grünen> Donau-Oder-Kanal, City of Vienna, accessed on July 20, 2014
- ↑ http://www.dok4.at/home.php Wassergenossenschaft DOK IV, from November 30, 2013, accessed on July 20, 2014
- ↑ Zinke Environment Consulting: Donau-Oder-Elbe: Living Rivers or Canal on behalf of WWF Vienna 1999, p. 6
Map with all coordinates: