Oleksandr Hrushevskyi

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Oleksandr Hruschewskyj 1907

Oleksandr Serhijowytsch Hruschewskyj ( Ukrainian Олександр Сергійович Грушевський , Russian Александр Сергеевич Грушевский Alexander Sergeyevich Gruschewski ; born August 12 . Jul / 24. August  1877 greg. In Stavropol , government Stavropol , Russian Empire ; † spring of 1943 at Іrtischsk , Pavlodar region , Kazakh SSR ) was a Ukrainian historian, literary historian and literary critic, ethnographer , journalist and member of the Central Na Rada in the Ukrainian People's Republic . He was the younger brother of Mychajlo Hruschewskyj .

Life

Oleksandr Hruschewskyj attended grammar school in Tbilisi and then from 1888 to 1893 the grammar school in Vladikavkas . After graduating from high school, he studied from 1895 at the Faculty of History and Philology of the St. Vladimir University in Kiev under Volodymyr Antonowytsch , which he graduated in 1899. After graduating, he went on a long scientific trip to Austria-Hungary and Germany, where he continued his education in archeology and history, and worked in archives and libraries.

After his return he taught in 1907/1908 as a private lecturer at the Department of Russian History of the Imperial New Russian University in Odessa . After lecturing in Ukrainian, he was severely reprimanded and subsequently fired from the university. He was about following a lecturer of the "Little Russian" history 1909-1910 at the University in Moscow and from 1910 to 1917 at the University in St. Petersburg , where he spoke also socio-economic issues. In Petersburg he was also, together with Alexei A. Schachmatow and Fedir Wowk , co-chair of the Ukrainian study circle . After the February Revolution of 1917 he went to Kiev and taught there, initially as a private lecturer and between 1918 and 1919 as a professor at the university.

After the establishment of the Ukrainian People's Republic , whose first president was his brother Mychajlo, he became a member of the Central Rada and head of the archive library of the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian People's Republic.

At the beginning of the 1920s, he became deputy chairman of the Historical Section of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in the Ukrainian SSR, as well as director of the Standing Committee for the Compilation of the Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Ukrainian Countries and Head of the Socio-Economic History Department of the Research Department of Ukraine. He was also an active member of the Archaeological Commission of the Historical-Geographic Collection of the Academy of Sciences.

Oleksandr Hruschewskyj in the early 1910s

He was fired from his job on July 31, 1933, and on August 9, 1938, he was arrested as one of the leading members of the anti-Soviet Ukrainian nationalist terrorist organization ... which was doing subversive work on the ideological front . In October 1939, Hrushevskyi was sentenced to five years' exile in Kazakhstan by a special court of the NKVD of the USSR with the help of bogus testimony . He probably died there in early 1943.

Although his widowed wife Olha Hruschewska was threatened with arrest, she kept her deceased husband's archives. During the thaw under Nikita Khrushchev , she handed over her husband's documents to the Central State Archives of Ukraine. In September 1989 Oleksandr Hruschewskyj was posthumously rehabilitated.

plant

Oleksandr Hruschewskyj wrote over 100 scientific works on history, historiography and ethnography.

family

Oleksandr Hruschewskyj was the son of the professor of literature Serhiy Hruschewskyj ( Сергій Федорович Грушевський ; 1830-1901), the brother of the historian and Ukrainian politician mykhailo hrushevsky and the historian and translator Hanna Schamraj-Hruschewska ( Ганна Сергіївна Шамрай-Грушевська ; 1869-1943) and the Husband of the literary critic, librarian and historian Olha Hruschewska ( Ольга Олександрівна Грушевська ; 1878–1961). He was also the uncle of the ethnographer and translator Kateryna Hruschewska ( Катерина Михайлівна Грушевська ; 1900-1943), the daughter of his brother Mychajlo.

Honors and memberships

Web links

Commons : Oleksandr Hruschewskyj  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Entry on Oleksandr Hruschewskyj in the Ukrainian Library Encyclopedia ( Українська бібліотечна енциклопедія ); accessed on May 7, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  2. ↑ a b c d e Entry on Oleksandr Hruschewskyj on the website of the encyclopedia of the National Taras Shevchenko University of Kiev ; accessed on May 7, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  3. ↑ a b c Entry on Oleksandr Hruschewskyj in the Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine ; accessed on May 7, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  4. ↑ a b Entry on Oleksandr Hruschewskyj in the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia ; accessed on May 7, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  5. ↑ On the 140th anniversary of the birth of Oleksandr Hruschewskyj on the website of the National Historical Library of Ukraine ; accessed on May 7, 2019 (Ukrainian)
  6. ↑ a b c Entry on Oleksandr Hruschewskyj in the Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine ; accessed on May 7, 2019 (Ukrainian)
personal data
SURNAME Hruschewskyj, Oleksandr
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hruschewskyj, Oleksandr Serhijowytsch (full name); Грушевський, Олександр Сергійович (Ukrainian); Грушевский, Александр Сергеевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian historian, literary historian and literary critic, ethnographer, journalist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH August 24, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Stavropol , Stavropol Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH 1943
Place of death near Іrtishsk , Pavlodar region , Kazakh SSR