Orth (patrician family)

Coat of arms of the Orth, awarded in 1539 by Emperor Karl V , on the Frankfurt Haus zum Römer

The Orth family was a patrician family from the imperial cities of Heilbronn and Frankfurt . The family originally came from the Wetterau , founded a trading house in Frankfurt, where they had belonged to the Frankfurt patrician society Zum Frauenstein from 1543 and provided several mayors from 1560. In 1533 she immigrated to Heilbronn with Philipp Orth, where she was also a patriciate and provided several mayors. Another younger Frankfurt branch of the family founded by Heilbronn descendants, since 1606 also belonging to the Frauenstein family, was ennobled in 1665, and the Heilbronn merchant August von Orth (1748–1807) was also raised to imperial nobility in 1804.

history

The family is first mentioned in the second half of the 15th century with a Henn (Johann) Orth, who was a lay judge in Langenselbold . His son Peter († 1509) was a cake baker in the imperial city of Frankfurt am Main and was a member of the local council in 1500. His son Johann († 1517) founded a trading house in the Zum Esel house at the Johanniterhof in Frankfurt in the 16th century , which cultivated international business relationships with northern Germany, the Netherlands and Italy. In the beginning the trade was mainly in dried fish, lead, precious metals and silk, soon the focus was almost exclusively on the fish trade and on the trade in flax and skins. The contacts to northern Germany were made through the Lübeck businessman Heinrich Lifferdes, who became a partner in the company, married Johann's widow Margareta in 1519 and expanded the company significantly. The goods from northern Germany were mainly sold in the Rhineland as well as in Pforzheim , Heilbronn and Reutlingen . Johann Orth's son Peter (1511–1575) continued the trading company after the death of Lifferdes in 1546 and since 1543 belonged to the Frankfurt patrician society Zum Frauenstein . Peter's son Johann Philipp (1566–1626) was a lay judge, 1617 junior and 1625 senior mayor of Frankfurt. With him, the older Frankfurt branch died out in 1626. Its epitaph is in the Katharinenkirche .

Peter's brother Philipp Orth (1509–1555) married a daughter from the Heilbronn trading house Schirnagel in 1533, was elected a citizen of Heilbronn in 1534 and a member of the Heilbronn council in 1538. He had an important patrician house, the Philipp Orth house , built on the site of the former Maulbronner Hof in Heilbronn. His son of the same name, Philipp Orth (1534–1603), was the first Orth born in Heilbronn and from 1574 was also mayor there. He put on a piece of land in the east of the city, today's Trappensee . In 1601 he was the highest taxed and consequently wealthiest citizen of the city.

The old Heilbronn trading house went under after the death of Philipp Orth (1567–1614) in the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War. A brother of this younger Philip, Jeremias Orth (1577–1635), returned to Frankfurt and founded a younger Frankfurt branch of the family there, which had also belonged to the Frauenstein family since 1606. At the beginning he was still responsible for the distribution of the goods of the Heilbronn trading house in Frankfurt and became senior mayor there in 1628. The sons of Jeremias were ennobled by Emperor Leopold in 1665. Most of them and their descendants were lawyers. The younger Frankfurt line died out in 1783 with the lawyer and historian Johann Philipp Orth .

The main branch of the family in Heilbronn also remained wealthy despite the loss of the trading house. The family belonged to the Heilbronn patriciate, so that family members held high office in the imperial city and the family also provided other mayors for several generations. The younger members of the Heilbronn branch come from Dominikus Orth (1579–1633), another brother of the younger Philipp. His son Philipp Ludwig (1620–1697) was a clerk in Thalheim, his son Heinrich (1653–1720) mayor of Heilbronn. From 1714 he again owned the Heilbronner Orth'sche Seegut, which the heirs finally sold in 1738. His son Georg Heinrich (1698–1769) and his son Heinrich Karl Philibert (1733–1795) were also mayors of Heilbronn.

The family also undertook other business activities in Heilbronn and the surrounding area. Alexander Orth (1741–1800) was married to a daughter of the factory owner Georg Friedrich Rund and became a partner in his Heilbronn vinegar factory. Shares in the Rund'schen Fabrik remained in the possession of his descendants until 1856. Heinrich Christian Friedrich Orth (1768–1817) ran an iron shop in Heilbronn together with Carl Rudolf Bruckmann. Above all, the Heilbronn trading house August Orth & Co., founded by August Orth (1748–1807), gained even greater importance during the First Coalition War . August Orth was raised to the imperial nobility by Emperor Franz II in 1804 . His trading house collapsed in 1830 due to speculation. The remainder of the property was taken over by the Heilbronn manufacturer Carl Bartolomäus Bläß (1800–1871), who was married to an Orth daughter and who used the capital to set up a successful white lead company. Alexander Orth (1774–1844), a nephew and son-in-law of August Orth, was a co-owner of the salt pans in Wimpfen and Weißbach .

Despite the business success of some relatives, the family began to decline to a certain extent in the late 18th century. Several Orths left Heilbronn to start businesses in other locations, including some emigrants in the United States, where a son of August von Orth's brother Günter had founded a cotton mill in Steubenville, Ohio. Most of the more recent Orth'schen company start-ups were not particularly successful and mostly only existed for more than one generation. At that time, there were also several marriages between second degree relatives within the family. August Orth's son Ferdinand von Orth was addicted to alcohol and died while emigrating to the USA. His brother Julius died alcoholic in an American poorhouse in 1876. The younger brother Paul von Orth shot himself in 1851. Her cousin Heinrich (1768–1817), who had lost his citizenship in Heilbronn after the end of his metal goods business, committed suicide in Antwerp in 1817. His son Hermann was allegedly murdered by a sleepwalker in New Orleans in 1834. Another cousin, Heinrich, who was born in 1760, entered the Heilbronn court in 1789, but led an unsteady life, was called "Sauorthle" and in 1795 his office was removed. He then hired himself out as a traveling musician and went missing.

The last Orth in Heilbronn was the master painter Theodor Orth († 1915), a son of the painter Emil Orth . Theodor's sons died in the First World War before their father's death, so that, with Theodor Orth, the male line in Heilbronn died out in 1915. In 1925, the Stuttgart merchant Alfred Orth was the last member of the family to work in Europe.

coat of arms

The Orth coat of arms improved in 1804

The Emperor Charles V the Heilbronn Kaufmann Philipp Orth (1509-1555), father of the same name Heilbronner mayor , and his brother Peter Orth (1511-1555), since 1543 by marrying a member of the patrician society to Frauenstein in Frankfurt, with arms letter with Fiefdom article (fiefdom) from February 14, 1539 awarded to Toledo coat of arms shows a blue-armored red lion in gold, holding in his right hand a silver arrow pointing downwards at an angle to the left. The lion grows on the helmet with red and gold covers .

When August von Orth was raised to imperial nobility in 1804, the coat of arms was expanded to include a second helmet with red, gold and red ostrich feathers as a crest ornament.

Lineage

Henn Orth, lay judge at the regional court in Langenselbold ⚭ Elsa Moller
- Peter Orth († 1509), baker and councilor in Frankfurt am Main
  - Johann Orth († 1517), fishmonger in Frankfurt am Main, ⚭ Margareta Bender
    - Anna ⚭ (1) Johann Mauß, (2) Martin Fladt
    - Peter (1511–1575), merchant, aldermen and councilor, 1560 junior and 1572 senior mayor of Frankfurt, ⚭ 1543 Amalie Ziegle (Zichlin) called Würzburger, Frankfurt patrician daughter Zum Frauenstein
      - Johann Philipp (1566–1626), merchant and lay judge , 1617 and 1626 mayor of Frankfurt, ⚭ Anna Jordan from Steinheim
        
        Anna Catharina (* 1591), ⚭ Caspar Niclas called Steinmetz, Frankfurt patrician Zum Frauenstein, wholesale merchant (Lübeck trade), lay judge
        
        Margarethe (* 1595), ⚭ Jeremias Linck from Billigheim
        
        Johann Adam
        
        M. Juliane, ⚭ Justus Scherling, Mainz Council
        
        Johann Philipp (* 1600)
      - Elisabeth (* 1567), ⚭ 1589 Nicolaus Bebinger, who thereby became a member of the patrician society Zum Frauenstein (his brother Johann, later Frankfurt councilor, became a Frauensteiner in 1584), 1611 councilor, 1618 junior mayor of Frankfurt
    - Philipp (1509–1555), businessman (partner in his father-in-law's company), councilor in Heilbronn since 1538 ⚭ 1533 Magdalena Schirnagel (1511–1566), daughter of the businessman Schirnagel in Heilbronn (long-distance trade with Italy and England)
      - Philipp (1534–1603), merchant and mayor of Heilbronn ⚭ Maria Bocher, Frankfurt patrician daughter Zum Frauenstein
        
        Anna Maria (1562–1592) ⚭ Georg Kast, Hachberg country and council clerk
        
        Magdalena (1564–1592) ⚭ Jeremias Imlin, Heilbronn wholesaler
        
        Philipp (1567–1622), Mayor of Heilbronn, ⚭ (1) Anna Imlin, (2) Anna Maria Ans
        
        Maria ⚭ Wilhelm Bernhard Berlin
        
        Margareta ⚭ Johann Georg Weinmann
        
        Magdalena ⚭ Johann Wolff
        
        Hans Heinrich (1569–1634), merchant and manor house keeper in Heilbronn, ⚭ Barbara Buhl, daughter of a councilor from Esslingen
        
        Susanna ⚭ Johann Jakob Engelhard
        
        Hans Heinrich (1610–1669), merchant and tax master in Heilbronn ⚭ Anna Maria Orth
        Hans Heinrich († 1682), councilor in Heilbronn
        
        Margareta (1571–1598) ⚭ Johann Friedrich Gößlin, tax master in Heilbronn
        
        Friedrich (1574–1633), businessman in Heilbronn, ⚭ Agnes Schnepff, daughter of the Mayor of Heilbronn, David Kugler
        
        Jeremias (1577–1635), merchant and councilor, 1619 and 1629 mayor of Frankfurt, ⚭ (1) Margareta Braun, Frankfurt patrician daughter Zum Frauenstein, (2) Margareta Krafft, Frankfurt patrician daughter Zum Frauenstein
        
        Anna Maria ⚭ Johann Philipp I. Fleischbein von Kleeberg , patrician Zum Frauenstein, 1659 younger, 1670 senior mayor in Frankfurt (imperial nobility confirmation 1665)
        
        Johann Philipp (* 1628), Hanau council in Babenhausen
        Friedrich Philipp, Erbachscher bailiff in Freienstein ⚭ Maria Katharina Humbracht
        
        Karl Adolf
        
        Christine Charlotte ⚭ Franz von St. George
        
        Philipp Ludwig (1632–1689), merchant and coin tenant, 1667 and 1687 mayor of Frankfurt ⚭ 1655 Maria Philippine Stenglin († 1704)
        
        Johann Philipp (1658–1733) , licentiate, 1699, 1711 and 1715 mayor of Frankfurt ⚭ 1694 Katharina Meyer (widowed Ammerburg)
        Margareta (1695–1725), ⚭ I. Franz Philipp von Barkhaus, II. Johann Philipp Orth, her cousin
        
        Philipp Ludwig (1661–1697), licentiate in Frankfurt
        
        Johann Georg (1663–1735), lawyer in Frankfurt ⚭ Sarah Meyer
        Johann Philipp (1698–1783), lawyer and historian
        
        Sara ⚭ Johann Daniel von Olenschlager
        
        Susanna Margareta ⚭ Benjamin von Schneider
        
        Hieronymus Peter, businessman in Frankfurt ⚭ N. Steiner (Susanna Schweitzer)
        
        Johann Philipp (* 1698)
        
        Hieronymus Wilhelm (1700–1779)
        
        Catharina Elisabeth (* 1701)
        
        Susanna Maria (1703–1789), ⚭ before 1739 Erasmus Carl Schlosser (1696–1773), lawyer, real imperial councilor, lay judge and councilor in Frankfurt, parents of Johann Georg Schlosser
        
        Zacharias Conrad (* 1706)
        
        Dominikus (1579–1633), lawyer in Heilbronn, ⚭ Barbara Kugler, daughter of the Mayor of Heilbronn David Kugler
        
        Maria Margareta ⚭ Ulrich Friedrich Becht
        
        Philipp Ludwig (1620–1697), clerk in Talheim, ⚭ Rosina Fischer, mayor's daughter from Talheim
        
        Johann Heinrich (1653–1733), Mayor of Heilbronn ⚭ Barbara Sommerhard, pastor's daughter
        
        Christine Barbara ⚭ David Wilhelm Feyerabend, tax master in Heilbronn
        
        Maria Margareta ⚭ Johann Heinrich Schmidt, Senator
        
        Maria Katharina ⚭ (1) Ferdinand Max Binder, (2) Christian Friedrich Holland
        
        Georg Heinrich (1698–1769), mayor of Heilbronn ⚭ Dorothea Katharina Maria Andler, merchant's daughter
        
        Heinrich Karl (1733–1795), mayor of Heilbronn ⚭ Katharina Salome Julie Weigand, daughter of a court advisor in Wimpfen
        
        Heinrich Friedrich Ludwig (* 1760), musician
        
        Georg Ludwig Eberhard (1767–1828), merchant in Heilbronn
        
        Eberhard Raimund (1738–1800), theologian ⚭ Heinrike Maria Elisabeth Bolz, daughter of the prelate Bolz from Bebenhausen
        
        Heinrich (1768–1817) ⚭ (1) Karoline Seidel, (2) Wilhelmine Orth
        
        Hermann († 1834), merchant in Ödenburg, Trieste and New Orleans
        
        Hubertine Julie ⚭ Philipp Jakob Fehleisen
        
        Ludwig (1771–1845), doctor in Heilbronn ⚭ Christiane Orth
        
        Alexander (1774–1844), merchant and owner of the salt works ⚭ Luise von Orth
        Julie ⚭ Carl Bartholomäus Bläß (1800–1871)
        
        Friederike Christiane Regina ⚭ (1) Ernst Friedrich Wagner, (2) Johann Friedrich Wurm
        
        Luise ⚭ Christian Friedrich Weber
        
        Eberhardine ⚭ August Heinrich d'Autel
        
        Alexander (1741–1800), merchant in Silesia and Heilbronn ⚭ Charlotte Rund
        Johann Georg (1774–1835) ⚭ Friederike Feyerabend
        
        Emil (1814–1876), painter and photographer
        Theodor († 1915), master painter in Heilbronn
        
        Emil († 1914 in Russia)
        
        Robert († 1915 in Serbia)
        
        Fanny ⚭ Friedrich Wilhelm Wagner
        
        Pauline ⚭ (1) August Schreiber , (2) Ernst Schreiber
        
        Robert (1807–1893), factory owner in Heilbronn oo Luise Ehni
        
        Alfred († 1905) manufacturer in Brooklyn
        
        Robert († 1859), businessman
        
        Alexander († 1859), merchant in Dresden and Heilbronn
        
        Paul, bailiff in Leutkirch
        
        Georg, chemist in Brooklyn
        Georg Karl (* 1884), chemist in Brooklyn
        
        Karl (1842–1909), businessman in Heilbronn ⚭ Charlotte Heinrich
        
        Anna ⚭ Karl Seufferheld
        
        Alexander (1876–1923), businessman in Stuttgart ⚭ Frieda Schweizer
        
        Else
        
        Alfred (* 1904), businessman
        
        August von Orth (1748–1807), merchant in Heilbronn ⚭ Christiane von Linkersdorf
        
        Ferdinand von Orth (* 1783), died while emigrating to North America
        
        Heinrich von Orth (1786–1851), merchant ⚭ Ernestine Orth
        
        Julius († 1876), emigrated to North America
        
        Paul († 1851), military person
        
        Ludwig von Orth (1792–1850) ⚭ Friederike Schreiber
        Moritz von Orth (1832–1884), paper manufacturer in Bohemia ⚭ Pauline Röder
        Ludwig von Orth († 1921), engineer in Berlin ⚭ Marie Eulenstein
        
        Maria ⚭ Werner Buddecke
        
        Elisabeth ⚭ Heinrich Scholz
        
        Gertrud ⚭ Consul General Ligsky
        
        Luise von Orth ⚭ Alexander Orth
        
        Sofie von Orth ⚭ Philipp Röder, tobacco manufacturer
        
        Charlotte ⚭ Paul Roth, senior councilor in Ulm
        
        Günter (1750–1824), merchant near Aachen ⚭ Anna Klara Wilhelmine Scheibler
        
        Christof Heinrich (* 1784, † after 1850), cotton mill owner in Ohio ⚭ Lucretia Sheldon
        
        Georg (1816–1881), accountant ⚭ Martha a. Jewitt
        
        George Sheldon (1851-1918)
        
        Arthur Beatty
        
        Alexander
        
        Edward
        
        Josef (approx. 1818 – before 1910)
        
        David Scheibler (approx. 1827–1896), entrepreneur ⚭ Susette Schooley
        
        Georg Heinrich (1786–1840), soap manufacturer in Elberfeld
        Albert (1817–1847), businessman in Barmen
        
        Christiane ⚭ Ludwig Orth (1771–1845), doctor in Heilbronn
        
        Ernestine ⚭ Heinrich von Orth (1786–1851), businessman
        
        N. ⚭ N. Hochstetter
        
        N. ⚭ N. Laiblin
        
        N. ⚭ Johann Friedrich Mayer
        
        Renate ⚭ Johann Rudolf Schlegel
        
        Sydonie ⚭ Ludwig Wilhelm Feyerabend
        
        Friedrich
        Johann Friedrich Orth († 1753), baker in Heilbronn
        
        Johann Georg (1585–1627), businessman, ⚭ Lucia von Spreckelsen
        
        two children who died young
      - Heinrich (1536–1590), member of the court in 1575, then mayor in Heilbronn, previously headed the Italian business of his father's company, remained single, set up a family foundation, his bronze coat of arms epitaph in the Kilian's Church (Heilbronn)
      - Johann (1539–1570), military person
      - Dietrich (1547–1595), military person ⚭ Maria Ans, daughter of the Mayor of Heilbronn Wendel Ans
        
        Johann Philipp (1582–1635), Mayor of Heilbronn
        Friedrich Magnus
        
        Johann Dietrich
        Johann Ulrich († 1692)
        Johann Ulrich
        
        Georg Friedrich
      - Nikolaus (1542–1624), mayor governor in Heilbronn ⚭ Martha Lebkücher, Heilbronn bourgeois daughter
        
        Margareta ⚭ N. Aff
        
        Albert († 1632)
      - Lockpick
      - Friedrich (1554–1626), lived single in Ulm
      - Margareta (1537–1619) ⚭ Peter Schloßberger
      - Magdalena (1538–1630) ⚭ Gregorius Müller
      - Anna (1541–1598)

Remarks

↑ In her second marriage she married the partner in the business of her deceased husband, Heinrich Lifferdes from Lübeck, through whom the Orth merchants had expanded their business to northern Germany.
^ Kurmainzischer Rat and Kammerschreiber, tomb in the Bavarian National Museum in Munich.
↑ daughter of Nikolaus Orth's son Albert.
↑ A daughter of his uncle Günter Orth.
↑ daughter of his uncle Alexander Orth.
↑ daughter of his uncle August.
↑ daughter of Günter Orth.
↑ offspring according to [1]
↑ In 1850 his household also included his parents, siblings and children, cf. Family tree . Rauch (1925) writes that this branch of the family produced an Ohio governor and a scientist.

literature

Moriz von Rauch: The Heilbronn merchant and councilor family Orth. In: Historischer Verein Heilbronn, Heilbronn 1925, p. 57 ff.

Web links

Commons : Orth (patrician family) - collection of images, videos and audio files

[1] In her second marriage she married the partner in the business of her deceased husband, Heinrich Lifferdes from Lübeck, through whom the Orth merchants had expanded their business to northern Germany.

[2] Kurmainzischer Rat and Kammerschreiber, tomb in the Bavarian National Museum in Munich.

[3] ughter of Nikolaus Orth's son Albert.

[4] A daughter of his uncle Günter Orth.

[5] ughter of his uncle Alexander Orth.

[6] ughter of his uncle August.

[7] ughter of Günter Orth.

[8] spring according to [1]

[9] In 1850 his household also included his parents, siblings and children, cf. Family tree . Rauch (1925) writes that this branch of the family produced an Ohio governor and a scientist.