Ost-West-Strasse (Hamburg)

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East-West Street
coat of arms
Street in Hamburg
East-West Street
Eastern section: Willy-Brandt-Straße
Basic data
place Hamburg
District Hamburg Old Town , Hamburg Neustadt
Created 1963
Technical specifications
Street length 2.5 kilometers

Ost-West-Straße was the original name for a 2.5 kilometer long six-lane street in Hamburg that was cut across the destroyed city center after the Second World War. The route sections were later renamed Willy-Brandt-Strasse and Ludwig-Erhard-Strasse . Both streets are part of the federal highway 4 and belong to the main road network of Hamburg . Due to the urban planning problems and the fragmentation of the Hamburg city center, there are always plans to partially dismantle the street or relocate it to a city tunnel.

course

The Ost-West-Straße is part of the federal highway 4, which leads from Bad Bramstedt to Nuremberg . Coming from the south, this reaches the inner-city area via the Hamburg Elbbrücken and Billhorner Brückenstraße. The federal road subsequently crosses Hamburg in an east-west direction before it branches off in the Altona-Nord area to the north in the direction of Quickborn .

Eastern section: Willy-Brandt-Straße

Willy-Brandt-Strasse from St. Nicolai

The street begins at Deichtorplatz , where it connects to Amsinckstraße . It continues over the Meßberg and crosses the Brandstwiete . In the further course the street crosses the Nikolaifleet , passes the ruins of the St. Nikolaikirche and ends at Rödingsmarkt .

Western section of the route: Ludwig-Erhard-Straße

West section: Ludwig-Erhard-Straße at the St. Michaelis Church

The Ludwig-Erhard-Straße leads from Rödingsmarkt over the Alsterfleet and Herrengrabenfleet north of the main church St. Michaelis to the Zeughausmarkt and ends at Holstenwall , where it merges into the Millerntordamm .

history

Early planning of a new tangential road

The first plans for the construction of an east-west running street through downtown Hamburg were already in place in 1911. The architect and town planner Wilhelm Fränkel proposed the construction of a new tangential street . In particular, the road was intended to improve the flow of traffic for the Hamburg tram and delivery traffic and lead from the corner of Steinstrasse and Klosterwall to the Zeughausmarkt . In the first section of the road, the planned course of the road provided for a diagonal road coming from the east to the Meßberg , and then via Grönigerstrasse to the Hopfenmarkt . From here, the route should continue westwards over Rödingsmarkt past Michaeliskirche to the Zeughausmarkt. Fränkel's design would have required major breakthrough and demolition measures in some cases, but was also based in part on the existing city plan.

In addition to an improved traffic situation, the city planner saw the construction of Tangentialstraße as an opportunity to redesign the area between Meßberg and Nikolaifleet and in the area of ​​the hop market and to develop sources of income through new shops in the area of ​​the hop market. It is not known whether these plans were further discussed and examined by the authorities.

Plans from the Nazi era

In 1933, the Hamburg building authorities began planning the construction of a passenger facility in the area of ​​the Altona fish market and a connection to the east-facing Reichsautobahn . For this purpose, an inner city ring should also be created as an east-west inner city street. The course of the ring was similar to Frankel's plans. Coming from the west, it should lead from the Zeughausmarkt via Michaelisplatz through the widened Mühlenstraße to Rödingsmarkt. From there, a connection to the Messberg should be established via the hop market. The section between Rödingsmarkt and Hopfenmarkt was less straightforward than planned by Fränkel, but even with this plan, major breakthroughs would have been necessary here. The aim of the plan was to allow the increasing individual traffic to flow better.

On August 17, 1937, Paul Bonatz , Werner March , Erich zu Putlitz and Konstanty Gutschow were invited by the building authorities to take part in a competition for the design of the banks of the Elbe. Later on, Hans Großmann joined Albert Speer's invitation . A sub-point of the competition also provided for the design of an east-west breakthrough road . After the competition ended, the Reich Chancellery commissioned Gutschow to continue working on the project. His design envisaged a street course in the east via Huxter-, Brauer- and Gröningerstraße to the northern edge of the canal. From there, the route should run north of the Nikolai Church over to the Great Burstah enlarged hop market and widened Görttwiete south of the regional finance office over lead. The route ran further south past the Michaeliskirche and ended in Böhmkenstraße, which connects to the planned Elbhochstraße via Seewartenstraße. Gutschow also planned a parallel connection between Hopfenmarkt and Zeughausmarkt via the widened Alte and Neue Steinweg.

On April 26, 1939, Gutschow was appointed as the representative of the Reich Governor for the redesign of the city of Hamburg as the architect of the banks of the Elbe . In August 1940, Karl Kaufmann commissioned him to prepare a general development plan for the entire city area by January 1, 1941. At the same time, the city's building authorities announced a competition on June 17, 1940, which included the redesign of an east-west street . The design by Paul Steilen and Hans Storm, which was awarded on January 31, 1941, met with Gutschow's approval, who adapted his plans accordingly. The plans provided for two parallel openings in the western section of the route.

After large parts of the Hanseatic city were destroyed in the bombing of Operation Gomorrah , Gutschow presented a plan for reconstruction on December 22, 1943. In principle, he stuck to his plans drawn up in 1941 and saw the destruction of Hamburg as an opportunity to implement these plans due to the destroyed buildings. In September 1944, Walter Hinsch and Klaus Hoffmann drew up a partial development plan for downtown Hamburg, which was based on Gutschow's designs from 1941.

Determination of the route after the end of the war

After the end of the Second World War , a new general development plan was drawn up under the direction of Friedrich Richard Ostermeyer . Ostermeyer envisaged the construction of an east-west breakthrough road to relieve the Wallring . The eastern starting point should be Deichtorplatz. Together with Hans Berlage , he proposed a southern route: "The road (...) leads in a pleasant curve at Millerntor directly into the axis of Seewartenstrasse , through which it is planned to continue via Palmaille to Altona and the Elbe villages ," said Ostermeyer. The plan provided for a 52-meter-wide street with a nine-meter-wide median for the tram.

However, Ostermeyer and Berlage could not prevail with their proposals. Gustav Oelsner presented the construction plan for the inner city on June 10, 1949. This was based on Ostermeyer's considerations, but provided for a modified route for an inner-city east-west connection from Deichtor via Hopfenmarkt, past Michaeliskirche to Millerntor. After Oelsner had been subordinated to Paul Nevermann , he subsequently took over the management of the urban land-use planning and was involved in the "construction planning for downtown Hamburg", which for the first time determined the course of the street.

The partial development plans TB39 and TB43, presented on February 17, 1953, determined the street area of ​​the Ost-West-Straße. The planners felt compelled to push ahead with the construction of the road so as not to have to take into account the development of the surrounding areas. The plans drawn up by Oelsner were continued under the direction of Werner Hebebrand , and the entire route was planned until 1960.

Construction and naming

The road was built in four stages:

  • The first section from Rödingsmarkt to Neue Gröningerstraße was completed in 1956.
  • In 1958 the westernmost section of the line between the Zeughausmarkt and the Krayenkamp was completed.
  • In 1960 the gap between Krayenkamp and Rödingsmarkt was closed.
  • The construction of the fourth section between Neuer Gröningerstraße and Deichtorplatz was completed in 1963.

Until 1991 the street was officially called "Ost-West-Straße". In 1991 the western section of the route was initially renamed "Ludwig-Erhard-Straße", followed by the renaming of the eastern section to "Willy-Brandt-Straße" in 2005.

literature

  • Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city. Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day (series of publications by the Hamburg Architecture Archive), Dölling and Galitz Verlag Hamburg 1996. ISBN 3-930802-10-4 .
  • Martina von Limont: The city center competition 1948 . In: Ulrich Höhns (ed.): Das ungebauten Hamburg , Junius-Verlag Hamburg 1991, ISBN 3-88506-191-0 , pp. 110–121.
  • Sven Bardua, Gert Kähler : The city and the car. How traffic changed Hamburg (series of publications by the Hamburg Architecture Archive), Dölling and Galitz Hamburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86218-030-1 , p. 48 ff.

Web links

Commons : Ludwig-Erhard-Straße (Hamburg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Commons : Willy-Brandt-Straße (Hamburg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Radical Building Sins, Radical Measures , Oliver Kaever in: Zeit Online , June 30, 2015, accessed on November 19, 2018
  2. ^ Wilhelm Fränkel: Hamburg urban planning issues and others . tape 2 : burstah. Boysen & Maasch, Hamburg 1911, OCLC 258423903 , p. 12 ff .
  3. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 28-30 .
  4. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 31-32 .
  5. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 33 .
  6. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 35-36 .
  7. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 38-40 .
  8. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 40-42 .
  9. ↑ quoted from: Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 . , Page 47
  10. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 44-47 .
  11. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 47 .
  12. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 51 .
  13. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 53 .
  14. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 68 .
  15. ↑ Michael Wawoczny: The cut through the city . Planning and construction history of Hamburg's Ost-West-Straße from 1911 to the present day. In: Hartmut Frank, Ullrich Schwarz (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Hamburg Architecture Archive . 1st edition. Dölling and Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-930802-10-4 , pp. 75 .
  16. ^ East-West roar of Friday online from August 28, 2012. Accessed on December 23, 2014.