East African Federation

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Shirikisho la Afrika Mashariki (Swahili)
East African Federation (English)
East African Federation
Flag of the East African Community.svg
Motto : One People, One Destiny
( German , "Ein Volk, Ein Schicksal")
Official language English and Swahili (Lingua Franca)
Capital Arusha
Form of government Confederation or federation
surface 2,467,202 km²
population 185.521.205 (2017)
Population density 82 inhabitants per km²
gross domestic product
  • Nominal
  • Total ( PPP )
  • GDP / inh. (nominal)
  • GDP / inh. (KKP)
 2017
  • $ 172.766 billion
  • $ 461.369 billion
  • 965 USD
  • $ 2,486
currency East African shilling
Time zone UTC + 2 to UTC + 3
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The East African Federation ( Swahili : Shirikisho la Afrika Mashariki) is a possible union of the 6 independent states Burundi , Kenya , Rwanda , South Sudan , Tanzania and Uganda into a single, federally organized, sovereign state in East Africa . The association is based on the economic and political integration mechanism of the East African Community , which is formed from these states.

A committee was formed in September 2018 to begin drafting a common regional constitution . There are mixed international views about the feasibility of the project.

The committee met for a five-day consultation in Burundi from January 14-18, 2020 and announced that a confederation constitution should be drawn up by the end of 2021. Once the draft has been approved by the six EAC states after a year of consultations, the East African Confederation is to be founded by 2023. The roadmap for a full political federation will be discussed in detail at future meetings.

Possible state

At 2,467,202 square kilometers, the East African Federation would be the largest country in Africa and the tenth largest in the world. Its population of approximately 185 million people would make it the second largest nation in Africa and the eighth largest in the world. The new state would have a very young and rapidly growing population that could grow to approximately 400 million by 2050, outperforming the population of the United States . Christians would make up the majority of the population, with significant Muslim and animist minorities. The state would have a wide variety of different ethnic groups.

Swahili would be the lingua franca and the official language would be English . The proposed capital is the Tanzanian city of Arusha , which is close to the Kenyan border and is a diplomatic center. Arusha is the current headquarters of the East African Community. Large and important cities would be Dar es Salaam , Nairobi , Kampala , Bujumbura , Kigali , Mombasa and Juba .

The East African Shilling , which was the currency of the British colonies in East Africa from 1921 to 1969, would be revived as the common currency . The federal states currently have characteristics typical of developing countries , with some (particularly Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Rwanda) having made significant progress in recent years, while Burundi and South Sudan would be the poorest member states. It is hoped that the creation of a common market will generate positive economic impulses, a greater role in the world economy and an expansion of economic growth from the coastal regions to the inner regions of East Africa.

The state would be organized on the principle of a confederation . Further details on the structure of the political structure are still unclear and would not be clarified until the joint constitution is adopted. The legislative arm of the state would be the pre-existing East African Legislative Assembly .

States
Surname Area in km² Population
(2017) 		GDP in billion int. US $
(2017) 		GDP in int. US $ per
capita (2017)
BurundiBurundi Burundi 27,834 10,864,245 7,990 736
KenyaKenya Kenya 580.367 49,699,862 163.632 3,292
RwandaRwanda Rwanda 26,338 12.208.407 24.948 2,044
South SudanSouth Sudan South Sudan 644,329 12,575,714 20.730 1,695
TanzaniaTanzania Tanzania 945.087 57.310.019 163.993 2,948
UgandaUganda Uganda 241.040 42,862,958 80.076 1,868
total 2,464,995 185.521.205 461,369 2,486

history

The idea of ​​an East African Federation has a long history. In the early 1960s, when Kenya, Tanganyika , Uganda and Zanzibar gained independence from the United Kingdom , the political leaders of the four nations had an interest in forming a federation to strengthen their common voice on the world stage. Julius Nyerere even offered in 1960 to postpone the imminent independence of Tanganyika (probably 1961) so that all East African areas would achieve independence as a federation. The plan later failed due to resistance from Kenya and Uganda, while Zanzibar and Tanganyika united to form Tanzania in 1964.

The East African Community was founded in 1967 by Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania, but dissolved again in 1977 after internal disputes. In the year 2000 the community was revived by the three states in order to promote common integration. In 2007, Burundi and Rwanda joined the organization.

The amalgamation of the current East African community into a single state has been planned since the revitalization, with the earliest estimates of the establishment of the federation in 2013. In 2010 the community launched its own common market for goods, labor and capital in the region with the aim a common currency by 2013 and a full political federation in 2015.

On October 14, 2013, the heads of state and government of Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda and Burundi began a meeting in Kampala to draft a constitution for the East African Federation. In December 2014, efforts to establish a full political federation were postponed to 2016 or later.

South Sudan was admitted to membership in the East African Community in March 2016 and joined it in September 2016, becoming the sixth member. It is unclear how South Sudan's possible accession to the EAC could affect the schedule for the association or its scope, as the country was in civil war from 2013 to 2018 and the border with Sudan is still unclear.

In November 2016, the Council of Ministers of the East African Community agreed on the establishment of an East African Confederation before an East African Federation should finally come about.

In September 2018, a committee was formed to begin drafting a common constitution. A first draft should be available in 2021. The introduction of a common currency is Template: future / in 3 yearsplanned for 2023 .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ [1]
  2. ^ Political Federation. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  3. ↑ a b Ready for a United States of East Africa? Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  4. ↑ A political union for east Africa? In: The Economist . February 9, 2019, ISSN  0013-0613 ( economist.com [accessed June 23, 2019]).
  5. ^ The Difficulties of Creating an East African Federation. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Country Comparison :: Area - The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  7. ↑ World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  8. ↑ a b MUGWANGA: United East Africa best solution yet to ethno-regional. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  9. ^ East African trade bloc approves monetary union deal . In: Reuters . November 30, 2013 ( reuters.com [accessed June 23, 2019]).
  10. ↑ population, total | Data. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  11. ↑ GDP, PPP (current international $) | Data. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  12. ↑ GDP per capita, PPP (current international $) | Data. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  13. ^ Donald Rothchild: East African Federation . In: Transition . No. 12 , 1964, ISSN  0041-1191 , pp. 39-42 , doi : 10.2307 / 2934492 , JSTOR : 2934492 .
  14. ^ EAC History. Retrieved June 23, 2019 .
  15. ↑ FACTBOX: East African common market begins . Reuters. July 1, 2010. Retrieved April 6, 2019.
  16. ↑ Sudan Tribune: ST (2013-10-15) Uganda hosts meeting of experts to fast-track political federation of East Africa . SudanTribune.com. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
  17. ^ East Africa: Further Delays for the EAC Political Federation . December 20, 2014. Accessed June 23, 2019.
  18. ^ South Sudan admitted into EAC . In: Daily Nation , March 2, 2016. Retrieved March 4, 2016. 
  19. ↑ Zephania Ubwani: East Africa: Finally, East African Nations Agree to Disagree On Federation . In: The Citizen (Dar es Salaam) , November 30, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2017.