Otterschütz (desert)
Otterschütz is a deserted area in the " Königsbrücker Heide " nature reserve on the site of the former Königsbrück military training area in Saxony .
geography
location
The village of Otterschütz, surrounded by extensive heather forests, was located seven kilometers north of Königsbrück between the forest areas of the Dürren Heide and the Otterschützer Heide on the road from Kraków to Schwepnitz . The remote street perch village with a corridor stretched north of the Eichberg ( 141 m ) on the Otterbach . On the left side of the stream three-sided courtyards were lined up; the opposite, eastern side consisted of house corridors . To the north of the place was the wetland of the Jensigwiesen; to the south were the Försterteiche at the confluence of the Zietscher water in the Otterbach. The village is surrounded by several peaks: to the north the Fliegerberge ( 143 m ), southeast the Rehlehne ( 150 m ), south the Eichberg and the Zietscher ridge ( 152 m ), southwest the Steinbruchshöhe ( 151 m ), northwest the Lugberg and the artillery heights .
Neighboring places
| Naundorf , ( Rohna ) † | Zeisholz | Cosel , Grüngräbchen |
| ( Zochau ) † |
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|
Schwepnitz |
| ( Quosdorf ) †, ( Krakau ) † | Schmorkau , ( Zietsch ) † | Gottschdorf |
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Place name
The name is of Sorbian origin and has nothing to do with the otter . According to Eichler, there are two plausible theories about the meaning : Either the derivation ostrož (n) ica from Old Sorbian ostrog = "fortification" (cf. Ostritz , Ostro ) or a basic form ostruž (n) ica from Old Sorbian ostruga, ostruž = "blackberry bush".
history
Otterßuicz was first mentioned in 1493. Other forms of name were Otterschnitz (1509), Oterschiz (1555) and Otterschuetz (1791).
Otter Protective lay in the northwest of the kingdom of Bohemia belonging Oberlausitz near by the passage of Pulsnitz marked limit to Meissen . The village had been under the rule of Königsbrück since 1509 , and from 1562 to the state rule of Königsbrück . In Otter contactor were Pechöfen operated.
Up until the Reformation, Otterschütz was a parish in Schmorkau , and in 1540 it was assigned to the parish of Krakow . As a result of the Peace of Prague , Otterschütz was ceded to the Electorate of Saxony in 1635, together with all other places in the two Lusatia . Administratively, Otterschütz belonged to the Bautzen district since 1777 and to the Bautzen district court from 1843.
With the reorganization of the Saxon administrative structures, Otterschütz was assigned to the Königsbrück court office in 1856 and to the Kamenz administration in 1875 . In 1893 the new owner of the royal lordship in Königsbrück, Karl Robert Bruno Naumann zu Königsbrück , had the core area of the manorial heather forests completely cut down on an area of 853 hectares. The clear cutting area included the Otterschützer Heide, the Dürre Heide and the Krakauer Heide around Otterschütz.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the sparsely populated areas of the Krakauer Heide, the Dürren Heide and the Otterschützer Heide north of Schmorkau offered themselves as the location of a new military training area for the Saxon army because of their proximity to the garrison town of Königsbrück . The military training area Königsbrück was 1906 for the XII. (I. Royal Saxon) Army Corps formally established. At the end of 1907, the municipalities of Otterschütz, Quosdorf and Zietsch in the heather were dissolved. The property was bought by the German Reich and the 198 inhabitants of Otterschitz were resettled. The 843 hectare parish corridor became part of the military training area.
The evacuated village of Otterschütz initially remained undestroyed. On August 27 and 28, 1932, the 25-year reunion of the former residents of Zietsch, Otterschütz and Quosdorf took place at the military training area, which ended with a historical parade in Krakow on August 28.
After the end of the Second World War, the military training area was seized by the Soviet occupying forces . The village was later shot to death. In 1992 the last Soviet troops withdrew, the area became a nature reserve Koenigsbrücker Heide , but is only accessible to a very limited extent due to the high load of ammunition.
The village of Otterschütz is now completely forested and partly swamped by the natural Otterbachlauf. Inland dunes up to 15 m high extend from the Eichberg to the artillery heights .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1560 | 15 possessed men, 4 gardeners |
| 1777 | 11 possessed men, 8 cottagers, 2 devastation |
| 1834 | 175 |
| 1871 | 208 |
| 1890 | 191 |
| 1907 | 198 |
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ernst Eichler: Slavic place names between Spree and Neisse. Volume 3, Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1993, p. 47.
- ↑ a b https://www.koenigsbrueck.de/truppenuebungsplatz.html
- ↑ https://www.koenigsbrueck.de/tuep-ab-1919.html
- ^ Otterschütz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ' N , 13 ° 54' E