Otto Ernst Pfleiderer

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Otto Ernst Pfleiderer (born January 17, 1904 in Ulm ; † February 6, 1989 in Stuttgart ) was a German economist and central bank politician. He was President of the Landeszentralbank, first of Württemberg-Baden, then from 1952 of Baden-Württemberg and as such played a key role in the introduction of the D-Mark .

family

Otto Ernst Pfleiderer was the son of the Stuttgart doctor Alfred Pfleiderer (* 1868; † 1945) and his wife Angelika (* 1867; † 1958). Otto's brother is Heinrich Pfleiderer .

Pfleiderer married Hildegard Hoffmann (* 1906, † 1970), an economist from Stuttgart, in 1937. They had a son together.

Life

Education

Pfleiderer began studying economics in 1924 at the age of 18 . He studied at the Universities of Tübingen , Hamburg and Kiel . In Kiel he also wrote his dissertation in 1929/1930 under the title The State Economy and the National Product .

time of the nationalsocialism

After completing his doctorate , Pfleiderer was editor of the Bamberg magazine Keramos and in 1932 he became Alfred Weber's assistant at the Institute for Social and Economic Sciences at Heidelberg University . After Weber's premature retirement from teaching as a result of the NSDAP's seizure of power in the USA, Pfleiderer lost his job at the university. He was able to complete the work he had started on the pound, yen and dollar in the Great Depression in 1937 with a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation .

Pfleider then became a research associate for a short time at the “International Conference on Agricultural Sciences” in Berlin under the direction of Max Sehring .

From 1937 to 1945 Pfleiderer was a research assistant in the economic department of the Berlin Reichs-Kredit-Gesellschaft . He used his access to confidential material about foreign countries to inform his fellow economists about John Maynard Keynes' currency plan, for example .

Career as a central bank politician

After fleeing from war-torn Berlin, Pfleiderer advised the finance department of the US military government in Stuttgart from 1945 . Also in 1945 he became head of the banking and insurance supervision department in the newly created Ministry of Finance of the State of Württemberg-Baden and a member of the bank council of the American zone of occupation .

At the same time he was involved as an expert of the Economic Council of the Bizone in the draft of the "Law on the establishment of the bank of German states". Under the chairmanship of Ludwig Erhard , Pfleiderer was a member of the expert commission Special Office for Money and Credit in the management of the finances of the Bizone.

In March 1948, Pfleiderer was also appointed President of the new state central bank of Württemberg-Baden. As such, he was a member of the Central Bank Council of the Bank deutscher Länder and, among other things, played a key role in the introduction of the Deutsche Mark .

After the state of Baden-Württemberg was founded and the respective state central banks were merged, Pfleiderer became president of the new state central bank of Baden-Württemberg. He filled this post until 1972.

From 1950 Pfleiderer worked for one year as a deputy member of the board of directors of the newly established European Payments Union in Paris. Their goal was the free convertibility of the currencies of the member countries.

In 1952, Pfleiderer moved to the International Monetary Fund in Washington as Executive Director and stayed there until 1953.

Career as a scientist

In 1947, Pfleiderer received a teaching position for money and credit at the University of Heidelberg. In 1961 he received an honorary professorship there .

In 1965 Pfleiderer became a member of the Scientific Advisory Board at the Federal Ministry of Economics .

As a means of combating inflation , Pfleiderer proposed an indexation clause in long-term capital transactions, drawing lessons from the failure of the Reichsbank and Brüning's deflationary policy during the Great Depression in 1929 .

Honors

Works

  • The state economy and the national product. G. Fischer, Jena 1930.
  • Pound, Yen and Dollar in the Great Depression: Monetary Economic Policy in Great Britain, Japan and the Association. States, their people and global economy Meaning Junker u. Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1937.
  • On the question of currency convertibility . Commerz- u. Credit-Bank, Frankfurt a. M. 1953.
  • Currency reforms. Herder, Freiburg 1963.
  • Currencies. Herder, Freiburg 1963.
  • Goals and Limits of Monetary Policy Gabler, Wiesbaden 1980.
  • Central bank and capital market. Knapp, Frankfurt a. M. 1974, ISBN 3-7819-2514-5 .
  • Considerations on stability policy. Mohr, Tübingen 1980, ISBN 3-16-343281-6 .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Norbert Kloten:  Pfleiderer, Otto Ernst. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6 , p. 352 f. ( Digitized version ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Pfleiderer, Otto. bundesarchiv.de , accessed on June 22, 2013 .
  3. ^ Bernhard Harms Medal. (No longer available online.) Ifw-kiel.de , archived from the original on April 13, 2014 ; Retrieved June 22, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ifw-kiel.de
personal data
SURNAME Pfleiderer, Otto Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist and central bank politician
DATE OF BIRTH January 17, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Ulm
DATE OF DEATH February 6, 1989
Place of death Stuttgart