Otto Nebel

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Otto Nebel (born December 25, 1892 in Berlin , † September 12, 1973 in Bern ) was a German painter , poet and actor .

Life

Otto Nebel received acting lessons from Rudolf Blümner and Friedrich Kayssler at the Lessing Theater in Berlin until 1914 . He was a soldier during the First World War.

From 1918 onwards, during a 14-month prisoner-of-war camp in Colsterdale Zuginsfeld , England , an expressionist poem was written to outlaw war. In 1919 he returned to Berlin. He lived there as a painter and writer and made friends with Wassily Kandinsky , Paul Klee and Georg Muche . During this time he joined the circle around the writer Herwarth Walden and his wife Nell Walden . In 1923, Nebel founded the artist group Der Krater in Berlin together with Hilla von Rebay and Rudolf Bauer .

In 1924 Nebel married Hildegard Heitmeyer, whom he had met at the Bauhaus in Weimar . There she was the assistant of the lecturer for practical harmony theory Gertrud Grunow . Until 1925 he stayed in Weimar, wrote, painted and worked as an actor.

When his works were denigrated by the National Socialists from 1933 onwards as “ degenerate art ”, he emigrated to Switzerland. He first settled in Muntelier , then later in Bern . Thanks to Kandinsky's efforts, Nebel received a kind of grant from the Guggenheim Foundation between 1936 and 1951 for support.

Nebel stayed in Italy from 1937 to 1938, but the Second World War forced him back to Switzerland. In exile, Nebel became more and more concerned with mysticism and through the work of Emanuel Swedenborg , Nebel joined the New Church in 1942 .

In the years 1951 to 1955 Nebel earned his living as an actor at the Berner Kammerspiele (today Atelier-Theater) and in 1952 he was granted citizenship of Bern because of his impeccability . In 1962, at the age of 70, Nebel made a major trip to Greece and the Middle East. The artistic processing of this trip occupied Nebel until the end of his life.

In 1965 the Federal Republic of Germany awarded Otto Nebel the Great Federal Cross of Merit . In 1969, Nebel donated around 200 pictures to the Kunstmuseum Bern .

Nebel is to be addressed in the full sense of the meaning as a thinker, poet as well as painter and graphic artist, whose entire work as a conceptual total work of art is still unknown to the public. Nebel's written estate is in the Swiss Literary Archives in Bern.

Works

  • "ZUGINSFELD". Expressionist poetry outlawing war. In: Herwarth Walden (ed.): Der Sturm , Berlin 1923; as well as: René Radrizzani (Ed.): The poetic work. - Edition Text + Criticism, München 1979 (vol. 1–3), in vol. 1 pp. 5-181.
  • The essentials. A fair copy. 1. Glades. The storm, Berlin 1924.
  • The armor desert. A cuneiform. Dion-Verlag Liebmann & Mette, Dessau 1926.
  • Golden trace with 34 colored linocuts by Otto Nebel. 3. Printed by Arcade-Presse, Zurich 1962.
  • The essentials. Wording and eight linocuts from the stick by Otto Nebel 8. Printed by Arcade-Presse, Zurich 1967.
  • Ten late structures of meaning. 10 color linocuts by Otto Nebel. Galerie Schindler, Bern 1974.
  • ZUGINSFELD. Graphic-picture cycle by Otto Nebel (created from 1930) based on the expressionist poem on the outlawing of war. in the Swiss Federal Archives in Bern; Lit. Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler: Otto Nebel. Benteli, Bern 1982, ISBN 3-7165-0410-6 .
  • CRUDE. A nine-rune fugue played at the wrong time. Ed. And with an afterword by Daniel Berner and Andreas Mauz, with a contribution by Oskar Pastior , with a reading by the author and four facsimile rune flags. Urs Engeler Editor, Basel / Weil am Rhein 2006.
  • René Radrizzani (ed.): The poetic work. Edition Text + Criticism, München 1979 (vol. 1–3.)
  • Otto Nebel 1892–1973. Art collection in the Thunerhof, Thun 1976.
  • Otto Nebel writings on art ed. with a preface by René Radrizzani. Mäander Verlag, Munich 1988, ISBN 3-88219-405-7 .
  • Seven scarecrows. Strange stories. Relief Verlag Eilers, Munich 1967.
  • The sun songs of Akhenaten and Francis of Assisi. With five linocuts by Otto Nebel. Ars librorum Gotthard de Beauclair, Frankfurt am Main / Bern undated [1964].
  • The storm. Kunsthaus, Zurich 1955. Exhibition.
  • Works 1917–1967. Kunsthalle, Bern 1967.
  • Otto Nebel. Pictures, gouaches, watercolors, drawings 1925–1973. Former. Kunsthalle Berlin 1997. Exhibition
  • Words for rhythmic painting. Dion-Verlag, Dresden 1931.

painting

  • The entire painterly work of Otto Nebel consists of around 1,900 oil paintings, mostly in hand and arm format, linocuts and over 4,000 drawings, watercolors and gouaches. The works are cared for by the Otto Nebel Foundation and are mainly stored in the Swiss Federal Archives , where they are accessible to the public.

Sound recordings

  • ZUGINSFELD. Expressionist poetry outlawing war. Voiced by Otto Nebel. Recorded in Bern 1972 (rec.Bern 300772)
  • Expressionist poets of the storm - Otto Nebel speaks: August Stramm, Kurt Schwitters, Otto Nebel. rec. Vienna 1962; Amadeo AVRS 2060.

literature

  • Otto Nebel, painter and poet «At the wrong time violated ...». edited by Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler, Steffan Biffiger, Bettina Braun, with contributions by Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler, Steffan Biffiger, Bettina Braun, Götz-Lothar Darsow, Dolores Denaro, Andreas Mauz, Anna M. Schafroth and Anja Schlegel, Kunstmuseum Bern, Otto Nebel Foundation, Bern. Kerber Verlag, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-86678-695-0 .
  • Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler: Otto Nebel. Benteli, Bern 1982, ISBN 3-7165-0410-6 .
  • Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler:  Nebel, Otto. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 14 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler: Otto Nebel . In: Andreas Kotte (Ed.): Theater Lexikon der Schweiz . Volume 2, Chronos, Zurich 2005, ISBN 3-0340-0715-9 , p. 1311 f.
  • Therese Bhattacharya-Stettler: Nebel, Otto. In: Sikart
  • Karl Epstein: L'Art poétique, ou l'influence de l'esprit de Klee, avec Bissière Didonet Klee Nebel Reichel Steffens Wols . Poetic Art Edition, Clarens 1995, pp. 12, 95-117.
  • Kurt Liebmann: The painter-poet Otto Nebel: a contribution to the philosophy of modern art. Orell Füssli, Zurich 1935.
  • Otto Nebel, Ekkehard Eickhoff: Storm and Perfection. A picture of Otto Nebel's life. As a celebration for his 80th birthday. Arcade-Presse, Zurich 1972.
  • Otto Nebel Foundation (Ed.): Otto Nebel. Bern 1990.
  • Nebel, Otto , in: Frithjof Trapp , Bärbel Schrader, Dieter Wenk, Ingrid Maaß: Handbook of the German-speaking Exile Theater 1933 - 1945. Volume 2. Biographical Lexicon of Theater Artists . Munich: Saur, 1999, ISBN 3-598-11375-7 , p. 693

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Nebel, Otto
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter, poet and actor
DATE OF BIRTH December 25, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH September 12, 1973
Place of death Bern