Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation is a non-profit organization founded in 1937 by the US art patron Solomon R. Guggenheim (1861-1949) and the German painter Hilla von Rebay (1890-1967). The foundation is based in New York City .
The collection
The collection was built up by Hilla von Rebay and founded as a foundation in 1937 by the industrialist and art collector Solomon R. Guggenheim . Hilla von Rebay developed the concept of the collection in collaboration with Wassily Kandinsky , Rudolf Bauer and Otto Nebel as the center of abstract art.
The collection owned by Guggenheim was expanded through donations and purchases from other collections and is now one of the most important collections of classical modernism of the late 19th and early 20th centuries . Here you can find important works by Paul Klee , Franz Marc , Pablo Picasso , Fernand Léger , Robert Delaunay , Wassily Kandinsky , Alexander Calder , Edgar Degas , Joseph Beuys , Robert Rauschenberg , Mark Rothko , Richard Serra , Piet Mondrian , Oskar Kokoschka , Max Beckmann , Joan Miró and many others.
It is essentially based on the subjective selection of large art collectors. The collections that found a new home in the Guggenheim Museum include the collection of Hilde and Justin Thannhauser with works of Impressionism , Post-Impressionism and early modernism, sculptures and paintings of the historical avant-garde from the collection of Katherine Dreier, the collection Karl Nierendorf's with works of German Expressionism , Peggy Guggenheim's collection of surrealist and abstract works or the collection of Minimal and Conceptual Art by Count Giuseppe Panza di Biumo .
Museums
Museums currently in operation
The foundation currently operates three Guggenheim museums.
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York is the oldest of the Guggenheim museums and was founded in 1939 as the Museum of Non-Objective Painting and renamed in 1952. The building, which is still in use today, was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in collaboration with Hilla Rebay and built between 1956 and 1959. It is considered one of the most significant buildings designed by Wright, who died before the museum opened. The works of art are presented on a ramp that spirals through the building. This represented a break with the normal linear spatial concepts of museums. In addition, it was criticized that the architecture overshadowed the images. In 1992 the museum was restored and a tower added, which was already included in Wright's plans. This doubled the museum's exhibition space.
Peggy Guggenheim Collection in Venice
The Peggy Guggenheim Collection in Venice was founded in 1951, but has only been part of the museums belonging to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation since 1976. The museum building is the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni , built in 1798 and designed by Lorenzo Boschetti . However, the palace was never completed. In 1949 Peggy Guggenheim bought the building and lived in it until her death. During this time, some rooms and the associated park were open to the public. After her death, the palace was completely restored and converted into a museum.
Museo Guggenheim Bilbao
The Museo Guggenheim Bilbao in Bilbao opened in October 1997. In 1981 the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation proposed the construction of a Guggenheim Museum to the Basque authorities who wanted to give Bilbao a cultural boost. The architect Frank O. Gehry emerged as the winner of the international competition for the design of the museum building . The resulting building combines metal and stone and is considered to be one of the most important structures of the 20th century and one of the landmarks of Bilbao. The museum has a total area of 24,000 square meters. The exhibition area is 11,000 square meters.
Former museums
Guggenheim SoHo
The Guggenheim SoHo in New York's SoHo district existed from 1992 to 2002. In Manhattan's artist and gallery district, the branch was opened at the same time as the expansion of the main building. The museum mainly showed exhibitions of contemporary art. The architect Arata Isozaki designed the futuristic museum, which was located in a cast iron building from the 19th century directly on Broadway . After it was closed, the building now houses a flagship store for the luxury brand Prada .
Guggenheim Hermitage in Las Vegas
The Guggenheim Hermitage in the Hotel Venetian in Las Vegas opened in 2000. There had been close collaboration with the Hermitage in Saint Petersburg for a long time , which was expanded with the establishment of the Guggenheim Hermitage Museum in Las Vegas. It was located in the Venetian's casino complex and was designed by Rem Koolhaas . The operation of the museum was taken over by the hotel in 2007, whereby works from the collection of the Guggenheim Foundation continued to be used. The Guggenheim Hermitage closed on May 11, 2008, which observers say in connection with the resignation of Director Thomas Krens - who was largely responsible for the expansion of the Guggenheim Foundation - in February of that year and with a lack of commitment on the part of management in New York . According to a statement by Elizabeth Herridge, director of the Guggenheim Hermitage, over a million guests have visited the ten exhibitions there since it opened.
German Guggenheim in Berlin
The Deutsche Guggenheim in Berlin was opened in November 1997 in cooperation with Deutsche Bank . The museum was housed in the building of the capital city representative of Deutsche Bank Unter den Linden . A gallery was built there on just 510 square meters based on designs by the American architect Richard Gluckman , in which temporary exhibitions were shown. These were curated by the Deutsche Bank Collection. The Deutsche Guggenheim was closed at the end of 2012.
Planned museums
During the expansion of the Guggenheim Foundation were put forward plans for additional Guggenheim museums, including potential branch in Salzburg , Guadalajara , Hong Kong , Singapore , Rio de Janeiro and Helsinki from the most distinguished architects such as Jean Nouvel , Norman Foster and Hans Hollein should be designed . While these plans were not pursued, a museum designed by Frank Gehry is to be built in Abu Dhabi . The project was set up until November 2010 by the former director of the Guggenheim Foundation Thomas Krens. In April 2008 an architectural design by Zaha Hadid for a museum in Vilnius was presented; the new museum - like the Guggenheim Hermitage in Las Vegas - will again be used together with the Hermitage in St. Petersburg.
Individual evidence
- ^ Kristen Peterson, "Vegas, say goodbye to Guggenheim," in: Las Vegas Sun , April 10, 2008
- ↑ No new lease: Guggenheim Berlin closes at the end of the year. In: Der Tagesspiegel. February 7, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012 .
- ↑ a b Fowler, Brenda: Salzburg Guggenheim Offshoot Exists in Hopes and Blueprints . In: New York Times , August 13, 1990.
- ^ Siegal, Nina: Guggenheim Helsinki Museum Plans Are Rejected . In: New York Times, November 30, 2016.
- ^ A b Carol Vogel: "A Museum Visionary Envisions More" , in: NY Times , April 27, 2005
- ↑ Breathtaking, huge, pharaonic . In: Der Spiegel . No. 13 , 2008 ( online - March 22, 2008 ).
- ↑ Javier Pes and Cristina Ruiz: "Krens is off Guggenheim Abu Dhabi project" ( Memento of the original from November 26, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: The Art Newspaper (online edition), November 23, 2010
- ↑ Robin Pogrebin: "Guggenheim Chooses Architect in New Venture" , in: NY Times , April 10, 2008 (English)
Documentary film
- Sigrid Faltin : From the copper king to the art company. The Guggenheim story . 30 minutes, ARD 2006.
Web links
- Official site (English)