Pontifical Maronite College

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The Pontifical Maronite College ( Latin Pontificium Collegium Maronitium ; Italian Pontificio Collegio Maronita ; English Maronite College ) in Rome is a papal college for seminarians of the Maronite-Syrian Church of Antioch and priests from Arabic-speaking countries.

history

The foundation goes back to the Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and the whole Orient Michel I. Rizzi (1567–1581). In 1568 he applied to Pope Pius V (1566–1572) to build a school for candidates for priesthood of the Maronite Church in Rome. They were to study Catholic theology in Rome so that they could serve the Maronite Church in their home countries. After a difficult start-up phase, the first students arrived in 1579 and were initially placed in the school of the newly baptized ( neophytes ) in Rome. The number of students increased in the years 1581/82 and on February 9, 1582 Pope Gregory XIII opened. (1572–1585) built a guest house for the Maronites and supported them with a monthly payment of 200 ducats . Through the intercession of Cardinal Antonio Carafa (1538–1591), the guest house was converted into the Pontifical Maronite College on July 5, 1584. It was continued by Gregory XIII. and Pope Sixtus V (1585–1590) financially supported, Cardinal Carafa became patron of the college. In his confirmation bull , Gregory XIII wrote:

“I hope that the students of this school, after having been trained in piety in the true religion and having learned the customs and teachings of the Roman Church, will return to the land of the cedar trees Lebanon and their communities and renew the faith of God [... ]
Therefore, with full knowledge of the facts and on the basis of our apostolic authority, we create the Maronite college [...] "

Promotion of the Syrian language

Since 1585, the students began translating liturgical books into the Syrian language that were published in Rome. In 1592 the first missal was published in Syrian, the life of St. Marron was written in the appendix . Pope Innocent X (1644–1655) founded another Maronite college in Ravenna , which was attached to the college in Rome in 1665. After the French Revolution , the Roman College was assigned to the Congregatio de Propaganda Fide in 1799 and lost its independence.

Christianity in Lebanon

The founding of the Maronite college and the priests trained there led to a revival of Christianity in Lebanon . With the new clergy , Western religious orders came to the Middle East . The Capuchins came in 1626, the Carmelites followed in 1635 and the first Jesuits settled in 1656 . The religious priests and monks built schools and universities, they built churches and founded new parishes . With the Maronite priests, Christianity experienced a renaissance in Lebanon and played an important role in the Middle East.

reconstruction

Archbishop Elias Peter Howayek (1899-1931), the former titular archbishop of Arca in Armenia , auxiliary bishop and patriarchal vicar in the Maronite patriarchate of Antioch , traveled to Rome in 1890. It was his concern to rebuild the Maronite college , which was destroyed by Napoleonic rule in 1799 . He visited Pope Leo XIII. (1878–1903) and presented his plans to him. With the intercession of the Pope, Howayek went on a donation tour and collected money for reconstruction in France , Austria , Italy , Jerusalem , Alexandria , Lebanon and Turkey , for example . In 1893 he came back to Rome and visited Leo XIII. again. With his support and the money he had raised, he bought a building on Via Porta Pinciana in Rome on August 17, 1893 . On January 1, 1894, the new college was opened with twelve seminarians. In the following years he visited the college several times in order to observe the progress of the expansion and the teaching activities. Finally, on February 7, 1904 , Pope Pius X (1903–1914) was able to solemnly reopen the college.

Personalities

(Selection)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Italian literature and erudition, until 1650, in: Allgemeine deutsche Real-Encyklopädie für die educated estates . conversations-Lexikon, Volume 5, books.google.de
  2. ↑ Patriarch George Amira stmaron.org
  3. ↑ Patriarch Youssef Tayan maronitehistory.org  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.maronitehistory.org  
  4. ↑ Prof. Gabriel Siouni books.google.de
  5. ^ Abraham von Hekel books.google.de

Coordinates: 41 ° 54 ′ 26.7 ″  N , 12 ° 29 ′ 10.5 ″  E