Pötzschau

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Pötzschau
City of Rötha
Coordinates: 51 ° 12 ′ 40 ″  N , 12 ° 29 ′ 6 ″  E
Height : 131 m above sea level NN
Residents : 365  (December 31, 2016)
Incorporation : January 1, 1995
Incorporated into: Aspen grove
Postal code : 04571
Area code : 034347
Pötzschau seen from the southwest

Pötzschau is a village belonging to the town of Rötha in the Saxon district of Leipzig . It consists of the districts of Großpötzschau, Kleinpötzschau and Dahlitzsch. Pötzschau was incorporated into Espenhain on January 1, 1995, and together with it on August 1, 2015, to Rötha.

Location and traffic

Pötzschau is located about 16 kilometers south-southeast of Leipzig in the wide, east-west extending floodplain valley of the Gösel stream . The Gösel ran between the districts until it was relocated due to the Espenhain open-cast lignite mine , but now flows south of Pötzschau.

The neighboring towns of Pötzschau are Oelzschau , Kömmlitz, Trages, Mölbis , Espenhain , Rötha , Dreiskau-Muckern and Störmthal, starting clockwise from the east .

The district road K 7926 leads through Pötzschau to Oelzschau, via which there is a connection with the K 7925 to the Leipzig-Südost junction of the federal motorway 38 and in Espenhain to the federal road 95 . There are direct connections to Leipzig ( Probstheida ), Borna , Espenhain and Kitzscher with bus lines 141 and 276 of the Central German Transport Association .

history

Map of Pötzschau around 1800
The church of Kleinpötzschau around 1840
The church of Großpötzschau around 1840

The development of the districts

From the village complex and the naming of the districts of Pötzschau, it can be concluded that these are Old Sorbian foundations that existed long before their first written mention. For Großpötzschau this is to be set as Beschowe 1206, with the addition "Groß" only being added in 1514 and "Klein" for Kleinpötzschau in 1497. Dahlitzsch first appears in 1469 as Talzschicz .

In the 11th and 12th centuries, the influx of German settlers can be assumed. In the Middle Ages there was a fortification (swamp wall) northwest of Großpötzschau in the Göselaue, which is believed to have been used for protection and representation purposes until the 14th century, especially since ceramic finds to the west indicate a possibly even older settlement. The location of the fortification can now be seen from a ring wall with a surrounding ditch. This place is called Malberg (formerly also Wahlberg or Wallberg). The Malberg has been under protection since 1936 as one of the few and particularly impressive ground monuments in the southern area of ​​Leipzig. No mansion has developed from the former “castle” of the Malberg, so that later the manorial rule over the Pötzschau villages was exercised by neighboring manors: for Großpötzschau von Rötha and for Kleinpötzschau and Dahlitzsch von Störmthal. Until 1856, all three places were in the electoral or royal Saxon district office of Leipzig . From 1856 the three villages belonged to the Rötha Administrative Court Office , from 1875 to the Borna District Administration .

The church structure was initially divided in a similar manner. Großpötzschau was already its own parish around 1500, into which Muckern was parish, and Dahlitzsch belonged to the church in Kleinpötzschau, which was a branch church of Magdeborn from around 1500 and of Störmthal from 1690. It was not until 1925 that Kleinpötzschau became a subsidiary church of Großpötzschau. These long-term different affiliations led to a certain subliminal competition between Großpötzschau on the one hand and Kleinpötzschau and Dahlitzsch on the other hand, which was felt among the long-established farmers until the 20th century. Nothing is known about the beginnings of the two churches. The Kleinpötzschauer is from the Romanesque period and is considered to be one of the oldest in the area. It was given its current form in a "main church building" in 1723. The church in Großpötzschau clearly had two construction phases, the older eastern one was made of quarry stones and showed Gothic style elements, the younger western, probably post-Reformation, with bricks. The latter also carried an octagonal tower structure that was struck by lightning in 1881. During the reconstruction, the western part was adjusted in architectural style to the eastern part and a bell tower was built. This church was consecrated in 1883.

The Pötzschau villages were often ravaged by conflagrations, Großpötzschau 1749, 1789, 1792, 1802, 1811 and 1840, Kleinpötzschau and Dahlitzsch 1805, 1816, 1818, 1829, 1837 and 1840. During the Battle of Leipzig in 1813, the villages were spared from destruction , but quite affected by troops passing through. The Großpötzschauer church served as a hospital. A mill was operated in both Großpötzschau and Dahlitzsch until the 20th century. In 1855 a men's choir was founded in Pötzschau.

In 1934 the three districts were merged to form the municipality of Pötzschau. This belonged to the Borna district administration, which in 1939 became the Borna district .

Since the village merged

The time between the merger of the three districts to form the municipality of Pötzschau in 1934 and around 1990 was, despite the rural structure and predominant agriculture, more and more characterized by the neighboring lignite mining and lignite processing, characterized by the fact that more and more residents worked in these companies and the environmental damage also increased. Because of the lowered groundwater level due to mining, Großpötzschau received a central water supply in 1939/40.

Since Pötzschau did not have a manor, it was not affected by expropriations in the course of the land reform after the Second World War and therefore had no new farms . From 1952 the long-established farmers were forced to join the Agricultural Production Cooperative (LPG). Pötzschauer LPG merged with Mölbis in 1968. Later, with the involvement of Rötha, the Cooperative Plant Production Department (KAP) Pötzschau emerged. Among other things, she cultivated the historically significant cultivation of onions in the Borna district.

The Pötzschauer Kindergarten was opened in Großpötzschau around 1970.

At the beginning of the 1970s, on the western edge of the Pötzschauer Flur, at the confluence of the K 7926 with the former trunk road 95, an external book warehouse of the Leipziger Kommissions- und Großbuchhandelsgesellschaft (LKG) was built, which offered particularly welcome jobs to women from Pötzschau and the surrounding area.

Pötzschau was located in the catchment area of ​​the Espenhain opencast mine and, if it had continued to operate as planned, would have been dredged over in the year 2000 and thus disappeared from the map like other villages. For this reason, an increasing decline was observed from around the end of the 1970s, as no more state investments were made, no building permits were issued and private interest in maintaining the value also declined.

That changed fundamentally after the political change in 1989 and the subsequent shutdown of the opencast mine. In the 1990s, there were major renovations, such as drinking and waste water pipes, streets and footpaths. A large wave of renovations began in the private sector, so that finally Pötzschau even took part in the “Most Beautiful Village of Saxony” competition and in 2003 came third. In the 1990s, a two-storey apartment building was built in Großpötzschau and the construction of the residential estate "Am Wäldchen" began south of the center of Dahlitzsch.

Aerial view of Großpötzschau 2010

This development is also reflected in the population figures. By 1995 the number of inhabitants had fallen below half of the previous years due to the threat of demolition, but has been increasing again since then.

The development of the population of Pötzschau since 1834
1834 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1990 1995 2005 2009
0Grosspötzschau 214 247 287 225 227
0Dahlitzsch 143 150 155 239 261
0Kleinpötzschau 82 108 93
0Pötzschau (439) (505) (535) (464) (488) 564 696 655 673 282 266 372 367

  • The church in Kleinpötzschau 2009

  • The village street in Kleinpötzschau

  • In the “Am Wäldchen” settlement
    in Dahlitzsch

  • The church in Großpötzschau 2009

The renovation of both churches is in progress, but its continuation depends on the amount of donations. A support association was founded in 2005 for the church in Großpötzschau. This is currently dedicated to the reconstruction of the Christian Friedrich Poppe organ from the 2nd decade of the 19th century.

The Pötzschau large enterprise of socialist agriculture became the agricultural cooperative Pötzschau eG based in Rötha. In 1995 the Leipziger Kommissions- und Großbuchhandelsgesellschaft (LKG) relocated its entire company headquarters to its Pötzschau site, and in 2008 the district road that had previously run through the company site was relocated.

schools

Up until the 19th century the school was closely connected to the church, so it is not surprising that the children from Muckern came to the school in Großpötzschau, as Muckern was parish here, but the children from Dahlitzsch and Kleinpötzschau went to Dreiskau Going to school, as the Saxon Church Gallery reports from 1844. The names of the teachers in Großpötzschau are known from around 1700. The school building was rebuilt in 1802 and 1865. In 1844 94 children went to school in Großpötzschau, 54 of them from Muckern.

Until the first half of the 1950s, the schools in Großpötzschau, Dreiskau and Kleinpötzschau, where a school had also been built in the meantime, were used together, now each with a grouping of the grade levels in one place. Most recently, lessons were held in extra-curricular rooms in Großpötzschau (inn) and Dreiskau, before all classes were briefly combined in the former manor building in Muckern. From the beginning of the 1960s, the children took the school bus to the “Hugo Joachim” polytechnic in Espenhain.

To this day, little has changed. The Espenhainer School is now a primary school. The vocational high school of the Leipziger Land vocational school center is still located on the former premises of Espenhain .

In Pötzschau there is a private music school ("Hofmusikschule").

Attractions

Altar from Kleinpötzschau in the Museum of Applied Arts in Leipzig
  • The Malberg (formerly also Wahlberg) is a small ring wall with a surrounding ditch in the Göselaue west of Großpötzschau, which may have contained a small castle, which may have served as a fortified refuge in the early Middle Ages.
  • The church in Kleinpötzschau from the Romanesque period
  • The church in Großpötzschau
  • Restored half-timbered houses from the 18th century in Großpötzschau and Dahlitzsch
  • The most historically significant work of art from Pötzschau is no longer in town. It is a winged altar from the church in Kleinpötzschau, which is exhibited in the Leipzig Museum of Applied Arts (Grassimuseum). It is a work by Jakob Naumann and Franz Geringswald from Altenburg from 1508/09.

literature

  • Thomas Nabert, Andreas Berkner, Sigrun Kabisch [Red.]: In the Pleiße and Göselland: between Markkleeberg, Rötha and Kitzscher , Pro Leipzig, Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-9806474-1-2
  • Richard Steche : Kleinpötzschau. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 15. Issue: Amtshauptmannschaft Borna . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1891, p. 65.

Web links

Commons : Pötzschau  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. ↑ http://www.sachsen-gesetze.de/shop/saechsabl/2015/29/read_pdf
  2. ↑ a b c Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
  3. ↑ a b c d In the Pleiße and Göselland: between Markkleeberg, Rötha and Kitzscher , Pro Leipzig 1999
  4. ↑ Harald W. Meschelk: The "Malberg" in Groß-Pötzschau district of Borna . In excavations and finds , Volume 31 (1986), Issue 1, pp. 37-39
  5. ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 60 f.
  6. ^ The Borna District Administration in the municipal directory 1900
  7. ↑ a b Saxony's church gallery . Volume: Inspections Leipzig and Grimma ; Dresden 1844
  8. ↑ New Saxon Church Gallery . Volume: Die Ephorie Borna , Leipzig 1903
  9. ↑ Choir list 1936 (PDF file; 207 kB)
  10. ↑ a b with Kleinpötzschau
  11. ↑ a b c Communication from the Espenhain municipal administration on October 13, 2009
  12. ↑ Friends of the church in Großpötzschau
  13. ↑ Plan of the Friends' Association , accessed on January 21, 2016.
  14. ↑ Court Music School
  15. ↑ Labeling in the museum