Pacific Steam Navigation Company
The Pacific Steam Navigation Company ( PSNCo ) was a British shipping company based in Liverpool , which operated a liner service from Great Britain to the west coast of South America ( Chile , Peru , Ecuador ). The line gained particular importance for the supply of this region.
history
In 1838 the American William Wheelwright founded the Pacific Steam Navigation Company in order to establish a shipping line on the west coast of South America . Chile granted the society exclusive rights, which accelerated the young society's economic rise. The shipping company retained this type of monopoly until 1920. The liner service at this time ran from Valparaíso via Callao and Guayaquil to Panama and back.
In 1850, the PSNCo opened a liner service to Australia and New Zealand in conjunction with the Orient Line . In 1868 the shipping company decided to set up a direct connection from Great Britain to the west coast of South America. The line connection was Liverpool - ( Bordeaux ) - ( A Coruña ) - Lisbon - Rio de Janeiro - Montevideo - Buenos Aires - Valparaíso . In 1904 Port Stanley ( Falkland Islands ) and Coronel were added to this connection.
The company rose to become one of the leading shipping companies in the South American business, but soon had to contend with increasing economic problems. In 1877 the PSNCo withdrew from the Australian service with the Orient Line and sold four of their steamers to the former partner. From the Orient Line but the PSNCo took over the tradition that the names of all large passenger ships of the line with the letter O began.
In 1910 the PSNCo was bought up by the British Royal Mail group. With more funds, the shipping company began to modernize and expand its fleet. In 1914, the Orduna and the Orbita, the company's first ships with more than 10,000 GRT, came into service.
In 1920 the PSNCo introduced a new liner service that included the Panama Canal opened in 1915 . The line connection was Liverpool or New York City - ( Bermuda ) - ( Bahamas ) - ( Jamaica ) - Panama - Guayaquil - Lima - Callao - Valparaíso . The liner service around Cape Horn continued to operate.
In 1931 the Royal Mail group had to file for bankruptcy as a result of the Great Depression. Reorganized as Royal Mail Line in 1933 , it has now formed a network with PSNCo (RML / PSNCo-Group). In 1965, the group was supported by the British shipping company Furness, Withy & Co. bought up. In 1970 all of the shipping company's ships were transferred to the Royal Mail Line, but the PSNCo at least remained active as a manager. In 1980 the Hong Kong Chinese CY Tung bought the Furness, Withy group, and during the 1980s the PSNCo lost its identity and ceased to exist as an active company in 1985.
Pacific Steam Navigation Co. was one of the many victims of the containerization of world shipping, but also of the poor economic situation of its parent company, the Furness, Withy Group, as well as the poor situation in the British shipping industry in the late 1960s and early 1970s in general .
Since 1990 the name rights to the PSNCo have been held by the German shipping company Hamburg Süd .
Ships
Passenger ships
| year | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1840 | Chile (I) | 690 GRT | Curling & Young Ltd., Limethouse | Sold in 1852 |
| 1840 | Peru (I) | 690 GRT | Curling & Young Ltd., Limethouse | Sunk on the Chilean coast in 1852 |
| 1845 | Ecuador (I) | 323 GRT | Tod & McGregor Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1850 |
| 1849 | Bolivia (I) | 773 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd. , Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1870 and sold for demolition |
| 1851 | Lima (I) | 1461 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on the Chilean coast in 1863 |
| 1851 | Santiago (I) | 1461 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1857 |
| 1852 | Bogota (I) | 1461 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | Walked and sank on shallows at Tarada Point in 1871 |
| 1852 | Quito (I) | 1461 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on the Chilean coast in 1853 |
| 1856 | Callao (I) | 1060 GRT | J. Reid & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on the Chilean coast in 1871 |
| 1856 | Valparaiso (I) | 1060 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd. , Glasgow | Sold in 1880 |
| 1861 | Peru (II) | 1307 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | 1881 out of service and sold for demolition |
| 1863 | Quito (II) | 1388 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1865 |
| 1863 | Chile (II) | 1672 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1878 |
| 1865 | Santiago (II) | 1672 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on Magellan's Strait in 1869 |
| 1865 | Pacific | 1672 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow ´ | Decommissioned in 1880 and sold for demolition |
| 1865 | Limena | 1672 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1880 and sold for demolition |
| 1866 | Panama (II) | 1672 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Decommissioned in 1880 and sold for demolition |
| 1866 | Colon | 1995 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1872 |
| 1868 | Magellan (I) | 2877 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | 1893 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1869 | Cordillera | 2877 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on Magellan's Strait in 1882 |
| 1869 | Araucania | 2877 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1897 |
| 1869 | Patagonia | 2877 GRT | Randolph & Elder Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on the Chilean coast in 1895 |
| 1869 | John Elder | 3832 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on the Chilean coast in 1892 |
| 1870 | Caldera | 1741 GRT | W. Denny & Bros. Ltd., Dumbarton | Sold in 1876 |
| 1871 | Chimbarozzo (I) | 4105 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold to Orien Line in 1878 |
| 1871 | Cuzco (I) | 4105 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold to Orient Line in 1878 |
| 1871 | Garonne | 4105 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold to Orient Line in 1877 |
| 1871 | Lusitania | 4105 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold to Orient Line in 1877 |
| 1872 | Acongagua | 4105 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1895 |
| 1872 | Cotopaxi (I) | 4022 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk in the Strait of Magellan after collision in 1889 |
| 1872 | Illimani | 4022 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk on the Yemeni coast (Arabia) in 1879 |
| 1872 | Sorata (I) | 4014 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1895 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1872 | Corcovado (I) | 3805 GRT | Laird Bros. & Co. Ltd. , Birkenhead | Sold to Royal Mail Line in 1875 , Don |
| 1873 | Puno (I) | 3805 GRT | Laird Bros. & Co. Ltd., Birkenhead | Sold to Royal Mail Line in 1875 , Para |
| 1872 | Tacora | 3575 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk in 1872 on maiden voyage near Montevideo |
| 1873 | Valparaiso (II) | 3575 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sunk near Vigo ( Spain ) in 1887 |
| 1873 | Potosi (I) | 4218 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1897 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1873 | Britannia | 4129 GRT | Laird Bros. & Co. Ltd., Birkenhead | Run aground near Rio de Janeiro in 1895 and sold |
| 1873 | Galicia | 3829 GRT | Laird Bros. & Co. Ltd., Birkenhead | Sold in 1898 |
| 1873 | Iberia | 4671 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1903 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1874 | Liguria | 4671 GRT | John Elder & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1903 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1879 | Pizarro (I) | 2160 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | 1907 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1879 | Mendoza | 2160 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | 1904 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1881 | Puno (II) | 2398 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | 1904 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1881 | Serena | 2398 GRT | R. Napier & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | 1903 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1886 | Oroya (I) | 6077 GRT | Barrow SB Co. Ltd., Barrows | Sold in 1906 |
| 1886 | Orizaba | 6077 GRT | Barrow SB Co. Ltd., Barrows | Run aground near Sydney in 1905 and sunk |
| 1889 | Oruba (I) | 5857 GRT | Barrow SB Co. Ltd., Barrows | Sold in 1906 |
| 1889 | Orotava | 5857 GRT | Barrow SB Co. Ltd., Barrows | Sold in 1906 |
| 1893 | Orcana (I) | 4823 GRT | Harland & Wolff , Belfast | 1903 HAPAG sold in Albingia renamed |
| 1893 | Orellana | 4823 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1904 HAPAG sold in Allemania renamed |
| 1895 | Oropesa (I) | 5321 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold to the French Navy in 1915 |
| 1895 | Orissa (I) | 5358 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Torpedoed and sunk in 1918 |
| 1897 | Oravia (I) | 5321 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1912 ran aground near Port Stanley and sank |
| 1899 | Ortona (I) | 7945 GRT | Vickers, Sons & Maxim Ltd. , Barrows | Sold in 1906 |
| 1903 | Orita | 9266 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Launched in 1927 and sold for demolition in 1931 |
| 1906 | Ortega (I) | 7989 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1927 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1906 | Oronsa | 7989 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Torpedoed and sunk off Bardsey Island in 1918 |
| 1906 | Oriana (II) | 8086 GRT | Barclay, Curle & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1933 out of service and sold for demolition |
| 1908 | Orcoma (I) | 11546 GRT | W. Beardmore & Co. Ltd. , Glasgow | 1933 out of service and sold for demolition |
| 1914 | Orbit (I) | 15,495 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1951 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1914 | Orduna (I) | 15,499 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1950 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1918 | Orca | 16 063 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1927 White Star Line sold in Calgaric renamed |
| 1920 | Oropesa (II) | 14118 GRT | Cammell Laird & Co. Ltd. , Birkenhead | Torpedoed and sunk near Ireland in 1941 (106 dead) |
| 1921 (1905) | Oruba (II) | 6795 GRT | A. Stephen & Sons Ltd. , Glasgow | 1905 ex marathon for Aberdeen Line / 1921 PSNCo / 1924 demolition |
| 1921 (1905) | Orcana (II) | 6795 GRT | A. Stephen & Sons Ltd., Glasgow | 1905 ex Miltiades for Aberdeen Line / 1921 to PSNCo / 1924 demolition |
| 1922 (1914) | Essequibo | 8,489 GRT | Workman, Clark & Co. Ltd. , Belfast | 1915 Royal Mail Line / 1922 PSMco / 1935 to the Soviet Union sold |
| 1922 (1915) | Ebro | 8,489 GRT | Workman, Clark & Co. Ltd., Belfast | 1914 Royal Mail Line / 1922 PSNCo / 1935 Yugoslavia sold |
| 1923 | Oroya (II) | 12 257 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1950 decommissioned and sold for demolition |
| 1924 | Oravia (II) | 12 257 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1952 out of service and sold for demolition |
| 1925 | Orissa (II) | 12 257 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1952 out of service and sold for demolition |
| 1931 | Reina del Pacifico | 17,702 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1958 out of service and sold for demolition |
| 1956 | Reina del Mar | 20750 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | At 1973 Union-Castle Line sold |
Cargo ships
| year | Surname | tonnage | shipyard | Status / fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1889 | Santiago (III) | 2953 GRT | Barrow SB Co. Ltd., Barrows | Sunk in 1907 |
| 1889 | Arequiba (II) | 2953 GRT | Barrow SB Co. Ltd., Barrows | Sunk in 1889 (80 dead) |
| 1893 | Inca (II) | 3603 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1923 |
| 1893 | Magellan (II) | 3603 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Torpedoed and sunk in 1918 |
| 1893 | Sarmiento (I) | 3603 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1910 |
| 1893 | Antisana | 3603 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Torpedoed and sunk in 1918 |
| 1896 | Chile (III) | 3225 GRT | Caird & Co. Ltd. , Greenock | Out of service in 1921 |
| 1896 | Peru (III) | 3225 GRT | Caird & Co. Ltd., Greenock | Sold in 1922 |
| 1896 | Corcovado (II) | 4568 GRT | Swan & Hunter Ltd. , Newcastle | Out of service in 1921 |
| 1897 | Sorata (II) | 4568 GRT | Swan & Hunter Ltd., Newcastle | Sold in 1922 |
| 1899 | Columbia (II) | 3335 GRT | Caird & Co. Ltd., Greenock | Sunk in 1907 |
| 1899 | Guatemala | 3227 GRT | Caird & Co. Ltd., Greenock | Sold in 1923 |
| 1900 | Potosi (II) | 5896 GRT | Wigham Richardson Ltd., Newcastle | Sold in 1900 |
| 1901 | Galicia (II) | 5896 GRT | Wigham Richardson Ltd., Newcastle | Torpedoed and sunk in 1917 |
| 1902 | Panama (III) | 5981 GRT | Fairfield SB & Eng. Co. Ltd. , Glasgow | Sold to the Royal Navy in 1918 |
| 1902 | Victoria | 5981 GRT | Fairfield SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1923 out of service |
| 1902 | Mexico | 5981 GRT | Fairfield SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | 1922 out of service |
| 1902 | California | 5981 GRT | Fairfield SB & Eng. Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Torpedoed and sunk in 1917 |
| 1905 | Potosi (III) | 4,375 GRT | W. Pickersgill & Sons Ltd., Sunderland | Sold in 1925 |
| 1905 ( 1885 ) | Callao (II) | 4206 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1885: Gaelic , White Star Line / 1905 to PSNCo / 1907 out of service |
| 1906 | Duendes | 4603 GRT | J. Laing & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | Sold in 1927 |
| 1906 | Esmeraldas | 4603 GRT | J. Laing & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | 1917 captured and sunk by German trade troublemaker Möwe |
| 1906 | flamenco | 4603 GRT | J. Laing & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | 1916 captured and sunk by the German trade troublemaker Möwe |
| 1906 | Bogota (II) | 4603 GRT | J. Laing & Co. Ltd., Sunderland | Torpedoed and sunk in 1916 |
| 1907 | Kenuta (I) | 4953 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold in 1926 |
| 1907 | Lima (III) | 4953 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sunk in 1910 |
| 1907 | Junin | 4536 GRT | W. Beardmore & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1926 |
| 1907 | Huanchaco | 4536 GRT | W. Beardmore & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1926 |
| 1907 | Quilt | 3674 GRT | John Brown & Co. Ltd., Clydebank | Sold in 1922 |
| 1907 | Quillota | 3674 GRT | W. Beardmore & Co. Ltd., Glasgow | Sold in 1923 |
| 1919 | Loreto | 6682 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1951 |
| 1919 | Loriga | 6682 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1951 |
| 1919 | Lagarto | 6682 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1948 out of service |
| 1919 | Bogota (III) | 5210 GRT | Cammell Laird & Co. Ltd., Birkenhead | Sold in 1932 |
| 1919 | Ballena | 5210 GRT | W. Dobson & Co. Ltd., Newcastle | Sold in 1933 |
| 1920 ( 1913 ) | Magellan (III) | 6553 GRT | JC Tecklenborg AG, Geestemünde | 1913: Alda , Roland-Linie / 1920 PSNCo / 1934 out of service |
| 1920 | La Paz | 6520 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Torpedoed and sunk in 1942 |
| 1921 | Lobos | 6520 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1952 out of service |
| 1921 | Losada | 6520 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1952 out of service |
| 1923 | Laguna | 6466 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1952 out of service |
| 1923 ( 1915 ) | Latauro | 6240 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | 1915: Bostonian , Leyland Line / 1923 PSNCo / 1947 sold |
| 1945 | Samanco | 6413 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1956 |
| 1945 | Sarmiento (II) | 6413 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1969 |
| 1946 | Santander | 6705 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1967 |
| 1947 | Salinas | 6705 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1968 |
| 1948 | Salamanca | 6705 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1967 |
| 1948 | Salaverry | 6705 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1967 |
| 1947 ( 1943 ) | Talca (III) | 7219 GRT | Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyard Inc., Baltimore | 1943: USMC / 1947 PSNCo / 1953 sold |
| 1950 | Kenuta (II) | 8564 GRT | Greenock Dockyard Ltd., Greenock | Sold in 1970 |
| 1950 | Flamenco (II) | 8564 GRT | Greenock Dockyard Ltd., Greenock | Sold in 1966 |
| 1951 | Cuzco (II) | 8564 GRT | Blyth DD & SB Co. Ltd., Blyth | Sold in 1965 |
| 1954 | Cotopaxi (II) | 8564 GRT | W. Denny & Bros. Ltd., Dumbarton | Sold in 1973 |
| 1955 | Pizarro (II) | 8564 GRT | Greenock Dockyard Ltd., Greenock | Sold in 1972 |
| 1955 | Potosi (IV) | 8564 GRT | Greenock Dockyard Ltd., Greenock | Sold in 1972 |
| 1959 | Eleuthera | 5684 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1971 |
| 1959 | Somers Isle | 5684 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1971 |
| 1959 | Cienfuegos | 5684 GRT | Russell & Co. Ltd. , Aberdeen | Sold in 1971 |
| 1966 | Orcoma (II) | 10300 GRT | Harland & Wolff, Belfast | Sold in 1979 |
| 1968 ( 1956 ) | Oroya (III) | 6311 GRT | Bremer Vulkan AG , Vegesack | 1956: Arabic , SS&A / 1968 PSNCo / 1972 sold |
| 1968 ( 1957 ) | Orita (III) | 6311 GRT | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | 1956: Afric , SS&A / 1968 PSNCo / 1972 sold |
| 1968 ( 1956 ) | Oropesa (III) | 6311 GRT | Bremer Vulkan AG, Vegesack | SS&A / 1968 PSNCo / 1970 sold |
Web links
- Pacific Steam Navigation Company at The Red Duster (English)
- Postcards of some ships of the PSNCo (English)