Patrick Manson

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Patrick Manson
Patrick Manson

Sir Patrick Manson (born October 3, 1844 in Oldmeldrum / Aberdeenshire , † April 9, 1922 in London ) was a Scottish medic and parasitologist . He is considered to be one of the founders of modern tropical medicine .

life and work

Manson was the son of a bank branch manager and grew up in the north-east of Scotland, in the county of Aberdeenshire. He studied medicine at the University of Aberdeen and received his Bachelor of Medicine in 1865. After receiving the Master of Surgery , Manson traveled to Formosa (now Taiwan ) as a doctor on behalf of the British colonial administration . From 1871 to 1883 he was a medical officer in the British Chinese Imperial Customs Service in Amoy , a port city in southern China. He then practiced in his own practice in Hong Kong until 1889 , where he co-founded a medical school and a medical society in 1887. The University of Hong Kong developed from the Medical School in 1910 .

Manson returned to London in 1889. After first running his own practice, the colonial administration appointed him their medical advisor in 1897 . He immediately set up a tropical medicine department at Albert Dock Seamen's Hospital , from which the London School of Tropical Medicine (now the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine ) emerged in 1899 as the oldest tropical institute .

Manson first looked into the causes of elephantiasis tropica in China . He found thread-like worms ( Wuchereria bancrofti ) in patients' lymph nodes , which he was also able to identify in mosquitoes. This was the first time that an insect was recognized as the carrier of an infectious disease. Manson then postulated that in the case of malaria , a mosquito was also responsible for transmitting the pathogen, which Ronald Ross verified in 1898. Manson also discovered the pathogen causing schistosomiasis , which was named after him Schistosoma mansoni . He also discovered the parasite Bothriocephalus mansoni

Manson became first lecturer in tropical medicine at St. George and Charing Cross Hospital in London and in 1900 a member of the Royal Society . Due to his work in the field of tropical parasitology, he is considered one of the founders of modern tropical medicine and is sometimes referred to as the " father of tropical medicine ". His textbook is still continued today under the name Manson's Tropical Diseases as the standard work of the subject.

For his services, he was knighted as Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George in 1903 and raised to Knight Grand Cross of the same order in 1912 . From 1910 he was a corresponding member of the Académie des sciences .

Works (selection)

  • The Filaria sanguinis hominis and certain new forms of parasitic disease in India, China and warm countries. London 1883.
  • On the Nature and Signifiance of the Flagellated Body in Malarial Blood . Brit. Med. Journ, 1894.
  • Tropical Diseases: a Manual of the Diseases of Warm Climates . London 1898.
  • Experimental proof of the mosquito-malaria theory. In: British medical journal. Volume 2, 1900, pp. 949-951.
  • Lectures on Tropical Diseases . London 1905.

swell

  • PH Manson-Bahr and A. Alcock: The life and work of Sir Patrick Manson (with extensive bibliography) , London 1927.
  • E. Chernin: Sir Patrick Manson: Physician to the Colonial Office , 1897-1912 . Med. Hist., 1992, 36 (3): pp. 320-331, PMID 1518344 , PMC 1036591 (free full text).
  • L. Wilkinson: AJE Terzi and LW Sambon: early Italian influences on Patrick Manson's "Tropical medicine", entomology, and the art of entomological illustration in London . Med. Hist., 2002, 46 (4): pp. 569-579, PMID 12408096 , PMC 1044565 (free full text).
  • Gordon C. Cook: Tropical Medicine: An illustrated history of the pioneers . London (Elsevier) 2007, ISBN 978-0-12-373991-9 , pp. 51-66.
  • Gordon C. Cook, Alimuddin I. Zumla (Eds.): Manson's Tropical Diseases . 21st edition. London 2002, ISBN 0702026409 .
  • Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Manson, Sir Patrick. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 889.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Manson, Sir Patrick , in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann: Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 1st edition, CH Beck 1995 (under the title: Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present ), p. 245; 2nd edition Springer Berlin, Heidelberg et.al. 2001, p. 213 a ; 3rd edition dto. Springer 2006, p. 221. doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3
  2. ^ List of members since 1666: Letter M. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 18, 2020 (French).
  3. ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Manson, Sir Patrick , in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann: Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the 20th century , 1st edition, CH Beck Munich 1995, p. 245 b .
personal data
SURNAME Manson, Patrick
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Scottish tropical medicine and parasitologist
DATE OF BIRTH October 3, 1844
PLACE OF BIRTH Oldmeldrum
DATE OF DEATH April 9, 1922
Place of death London