Paul Jenisch (musician)

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Paul Jenisch (born June 17, 1558 in Antwerp , † December 18, 1647 in Stuttgart ) was a German Lutheran theologian and court musician of the dukes of Württemberg.

Life

youth

Paul Jenisch was a son of the merchant Hieronymus Jenisch from Augsburg and his wife Maria geb. Gienger. He was born in Antwerp, where his parents were at the time. He was initially at school in Breda , but in 1567 his parents had to leave the Netherlands because of the atrocities perpetrated under Duke Alba and returned to Augsburg, where Paul continued teaching in the college of St. Anna. Paul Jenisch was initially prepared for the profession of businessman. That is why he was sent to Italy by his cousin Jacob Hoser in 1572 to learn Italian. After his return, around 1576, he worked as a commercial accountant for another three years. His love for the sciences, especially for theology, led him to quit the commercial profession despite the reluctance of his parents and to prepare for university. In addition, he was at the grammar school in Lauingen for a relatively short time . He matriculated on April 23, 1580 at the University of Tübingen and studied Protestant theology .

Failed priest

After four years of studying in Tübingen, he went on trips and visited the universities of Jena , Leipzig and Wittenberg . However, his parents forced him to return to Augsburg to do church service. There, at the age of 27, on November 25, 1585, he married Maria Bossert, a daughter of the Augsburg merchant Andreä Bossert, with whom he had 12 children. His trial sermon held in Kaufbeuren turned out to be unfavorable; he got stuck. On the advice of friends he applied for an administrative office and in 1591 he became a church provost (today's name: Kirchenpflegeadjunkt) in Augsburg. Jenisch was already active as a musician back then and "held a Collegium Musicum". On March 5, 1592, he was deposed because of disputes with the ruling church regiment. He had insulted the church leadership in his book Seelenschatz , which was published in Jena , whereupon he was arrested and, after three years in prison, expelled from the city on March 21, 1595.

Court musician

Jenisch initially found refuge in Lauingen, where he stayed for nine years. After the death of his first wife in 1604, he married Helena Keller, a daughter of the mayor of Memmingen , Johann Keller, with whom he had seven children. At the end of the first decade of the 17th century, he went to Stuttgart with his wife and the eleven children who were living at the time, where he succeeded in 1612 - under Duke Johann Friedrich - as a lutenist in the court orchestra for the highest annual salary paid in the court orchestra at the time of 62 fl , plus 10 fl string money to be employed. His salary included a composer's allowance of 10 fl, which suggests that Jenisch also composed. In this way, attempts were made to close the gap after the court composer Andreas Berger left the chapel on May 6, 1612. Jenisch maintained his relationship with Augsburg and on a trip in 1615 he bought several musical books for the band worth 33 fl and 14 kr. "Through his musical talent he made many friends and patrons."

In 1627 he was raised to imperial nobility by Emperor Ferdinand II . After the Duke died on July 18, 1628 and the regent Ludwig Friedrich was forced to drastically reduce the size of the court orchestra due to the Thirty Years' War from Martini (November 11) 1628, Jenisch kept his position (as with the first reduction in 1618 ), but the “string and dear money” was withdrawn from him as well. He then went through the painful changes in the court chapel.

As a lutenist in the ducal court orchestra, he had leisure to continue studying theological writings. He also dealt with calligraphy and mechanics, in which he also had some experience. He was a really pious man and adorned his pew in the Leonhardskirche with beautiful writings and comforting sayings. His funeral speech was given by his friend Johann Schmid, the pastor of St. Leonhard.

Of the total of nineteen children, only three sons survived, u. a. the theologians Paul (1602–1648) and Joseph (1606–1675), and two daughters who were married to clergymen.

Studbook

Caricature of the Catholic Church: A bishop plays with the sovereign and a nobleman in the company of the devil (sheet from the family book of Paul Jenisch; copper engraving 1597)

The extensive, leather-bound, two-volume pedigree of Paul Jenisch ( Wurttemberg State Library Stuttgart, Q298 u. Q299) is one of Paul Jenisch self-compiled collection. It consists of quite arbitrarily combined sheets from his studbooks, which he kept mainly during his studies, and an abundance of copperplate engravings and hand drawings. The second volume also includes many coats of arms, apparently by Jörg Weiß, which come from a book of coats of arms. The register contains countless entries, mainly from Augsburg, Lauingen, Tübingen and Stuttgart, as well as many more or less important leaves and drawings (including two drawings by Hans von Aachen , one by Wenzel Hollar from November 18, 1627), as well as numerous contemporary and older prints. The copperplate engravings include leaves by Wenzel von Olmütz , Lucas van Leyden , Albrecht Dürer , Hans Sebald Beham , Abraham Bloemaert , and Bolsweert. The Stammbuch is a monument to the German art and cultural history of that time. The entries include the following:

Among the pictures there are the following three with a personal reference:

  • Portrait of Maria Jenisch geb. Gienger (mother) at the age of 74 (miniature painting, 1598)
  • Portrait of Paul Jenisch (copper engraving, 1618)
  • Family tree of the Jenisch family with painted coats of arms (1591)

Fonts

  • Soul treasure. That is: Thorough report in God's word, to live Christianly and to die happily , Jena 1595
  • Consolation to all challenged, persecuted and saddened Christians, accompanied by a warning to confess the true Christian religion firmly , Leipzig 1601 (12 editions)
  • The fifth and final part of the soul treasure , 1645

Contemporary documents

  • Kurtzer Extract from a written chronicle, in which it is summarized when ec. Paulus Jenisch in Augspurg, had been elected to a church caretaker ... , approx. 1617
  • Johann Schmid: Exequiae Jenischianae. That is: Christian funeral sermon. Bey… funeral cemetery, deß… Lord, Pauli Jenischen, Before this certain Burgers and Church Probst to Augspurgs hernach prince. Wuerttemberg's long-term relative to Stuttgardt ... , 1648

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ a b c d e Wolfgang Wegner: Investigations on Friedrich Brentel , p. 175
  2. ^ A b Max Bach: Paul Jenisch and his family books , pp. 221/22
  3. ↑ It is not known whether he actually composed any pieces of music.
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Wegner: Investigations on Friedrich Brentel , p. 175, supplemented from: Gustav Bossert: Die Hofkapelle under Johann Friedrich: ... , p. 184 ,. 193 u. 199
  5. ↑ Max Bach: Paul Jenisch and his family books , p. 222
  6. ^ W. von Hayd: The historical manuscripts of the Royal Public Library Stuttgart , Bd. II, Stuttgart 1891, No. 298 u. 299
  7. ↑ Figures in: F. Thöne: In: “Old Master Drawings” XIII, 1938/39, p. 30 u. Plate 32

bibliography

  • Hans-Otto Schembs: Paul Jenisch (1558–1647). His ancestors and descendants or life images from eight centuries. Jenisch family history , ed. by Hans Carl Jenisch and Uwe Jenisch, Frankfurt a. M .: HC Jenisch 2009
  • Wolfgang Wegner: Studies on Friedrich Brentel . In: “Yearbook of the State Art Collections in Baden-Württemberg”, Munich: Deutscher Kunstverlag 1966, pp. 107–196
  • Gustav Bossert: The court chapel under Eberhard III .: 1628–1657 . In: “Württembergische Vierteljahreshefte für Landesgeschichte” XXI, Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 1912, pp. 69–137
  • Gustav Bossert: The court chapel under Johann Friedrich: 1608–1628 . In: "Württembergische Vierteljahreshefte für Landesgeschichte" XX, Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 1911, pp. 150–208
  • Max Bach : Paul Jenisch and his family books . In: "Journal for Book Friends" IX, Bielefeld: Velhagen & Klasing 1905, 6, pp. 221–226

Web links

Commons : Paul Jenisch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Jenisch, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jenisch, Paulus; Jenischius, Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian and Württemberg court musician
DATE OF BIRTH June 17, 1558
PLACE OF BIRTH Antwerp
DATE OF DEATH December 18, 1647
Place of death Stuttgart