Pedro de Ayala
Pedro de Ayala (* 1475 in Toledo ; † January 31, 1513 ibid) was ambassador of the Catholic royal couple to Henry VII of England from 1497 to 1500 and from 1501 to 1502 .
Life
His parents were María de Zúñiga Cárdenas y Figueroa and Pedro López de Ayala y Cárdenas, 6th Conde de Fuensalida, also ambassadors in London. His sister was Jerónima de Ayala y Zúñiga. He was a member of the Order of Santiago Commander Comendador de Mora He married Inés de Ayala. Their children were Juan de Ayala, Comendador de Mortalla and Isabel de Ayala.
He was ambassador to the Netherlands and the German Empire .
In January 1496, tensions with Charles VIII of France prompted the Catholic royal couple to intensify negotiations on a state treaty with England in their court in Tortosa .
The state treaty included a defense alliance with England, which was expanded to include Portugal before it was concluded, a marriage contract for the then eleven-year-old Catherine of Aragon and the new edition of the free trade treaty Treaty of Okyng of 1490. The dowry was increased in order to enter into negotiations .
The aim of the holy league was to prevent the expansion of Charles VIII's sphere of influence from France to Italy.
On the night of August 21-22, 1496, Ayala, accompanied by the Consul of Glasgow from Laredo, set out on his journey to Scotland.
On the afternoon of August 22, 1496, the Catholic royal couple received news from Rome that it had been published that England had joined the Holy League. Ayala convinced James IV of Scotland to join a military alliance with England and Spain and to end hostility with the neighboring kingdoms.
Ambassador to London
Ayala was a canon , had married into the house of Álvarez de Toledo and showed his belief in his superiority over Rodrigo González de la Puebla , a Cristiano nuevo , who was ambassador to London from 1485 to 1489. In the eyes of Ayala, Puebla represented the pursuit of profit, corruption and weakness.
Walter Starkie attested Ayala pride, arrogance, who only incompletely managed to hide his economic hardship, as well as violence. His role as archdeacon in Lincoln Cathedral did not do justice to his need for recognition.
On July 25, 1498 Ayala wrote a letter from England to Ferdinand II of Aragón , in which he insolently demanded wages for his "brilliant Scottish success" from the House of Trastámara and of a discovery expedition by a Genoese, Giovanni Caboto , on behalf of Henry VII. reported.
Rope with the inquisitor
When Philip I died in 1506, Ayala was elected bishop of the diocese of the Canary Islands on November 20, 1507 with the support of Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros , whose confidante he was .
The diocese of the Canary Islands was later subordinated to the Archdiocese of Seville .
In 1504 Àruj Barbarossa (* 1463), a brother of Khair ad-Din Barbarossa , transported Muslims and Jews, who were on the run before the Conquest , on his ships to North Africa.
Many of these refugees came to Oran , which traditionally had close trade ties with Nasrid Spain . In 1505 a Spanish intervention force equipped by the Archbishop of Toledo and Inquisitor Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros attacked Oran and occupied the port of Mers-el-Kébir .
In 1509 a Spanish intervention force, this time accompanied personally by the entrepreneur of the raid of Cisneros and under the command of Pedro Navarro , captured Oran . In Oran, the crusaders massacred around 4,000 residents and captured another 8,000. Mosques were consecrated as churches, convents and rededicated as hospitals.
After the massacre, Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros wrote to his confidante Ayala to counter the lies circulating at court claiming that he had not paid his intervention force: "Never has an army been so well paid or so well provided for."
When he died, Ayala had never visited his diocese in the Canary Islands. He was buried in a Renaissance tomb in the Monasterio de San Juan de los Reyes . His grave site bears the following inscription: Petrus de Ayala Canariensis Episcopus. Sanctae Ecclesiae Toletanae Decanus et Regius Consiliarius . His sarcophagus is in the Museo Arqueológico de Toledo.
Individual evidence
- ^ Diego Lopez de Ayala, comendador de Mora
- ↑ León-Borja, 25 pp., FN 2 p. 4, (PDF; 2.4 MB)
- ↑ Walter Starkie : Reflejos en Inglaterra de la personalidad del Rey Catolico. V Congresso de Historia de la Corona de Aragón, tomo II, Zaragoza, 1956. Pages 197-200
- ↑ Pedro de Ayala, London, July 25, 1498. NO. 33. PEDRO DE AYALA TO THE SPANISH SOVEREIGNS
- ^ Richard J. Schoeck, General Editor, Jimenez de Cisneros: On the Threshold of Spain's Golden Age
- ↑ Ángel Fernández Collado: Obispos de la provincia de Toledo (1500-2000). IT San Ildefonso, Toledo 2000, ISBN 84-920769-7-6 , p. 37 ( limited preview in Google book search).
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Juan Manuel de Villena de la Vega |
Spanish envoy to England 1497–1500 1501–1502 |
Hernan Duque de Estrada |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ayala, Pedro de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | El Marqués de las Navas |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Spanish envoy to England (around 1500) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1475 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Toledo |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 31, 1513 |
| Place of death | Toledo |