House Trastámara

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royal coat of arms House of Trastámara

The House of Trastámara was a dynasty of kings in the Iberian Peninsula who ruled Castile from 1369 to 1504, the lands of the Crown of Aragon from 1412 to 1516, Navarre from 1425 to 1479, and Naples from 1442 to 1501. The name comes from the founder of the dynasty, King Henry II of Castile , who appeared as Count of Trastámara before his accession to the throne in 1369 .

Henry of Trastámara was the illegitimate son of King Alfonso XI. and half-brother of Peter the Cruel , whom he was able to displace in years of struggle. His grandson Ferdinand was elected King of Aragón in a compromise by Caspe in 1412 (Castile remained with the descendants of his older brother). His son John II of Aragón married the Queen of Navarre in 1425, which he ruled until 1479. In 1442 Johann's brother Alfons V had conquered Naples.

John's son was Ferdinand the Catholic , who married Isabella I of Castile from the older line of the family and thus initiated the unification of Castile and Aragon to form the Kingdom of Spain. Through the marriage of their daughter Joan the Mad to Philip the Fair , the new kingdom finally came into the hands of the Habsburgs .

For the Iberian Peninsula, the time of the Trastámara dynasty was a time of strengthening the monarchy and state unification, of colonial expansion after the discovery of America, but also of economic development and the beginning of the rise of the bourgeoisie.

Tribe list

  1. Heinrich (Enrique) II. , * 1333, † 1379, called el de las Mercedes , Count of Trastamara., 1369/79 King of Castile and León, illegitimate son of King Alfonso XI. and Leonor de Guzman - ancestors see house Burgundy-Ivrea ; ⚭ 1350 Juana Manuel of Castile, daughter of Juan Manuel de Villena ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
    1. John (Juan) I , * 1358, † 1390, 1379 King of Castile and León; ⚭ I Leonor Infanta of Aragón, daughter of Peter IV , King of Aragon ( House of Barcelona ); ⚭ II Beatrix Infanta of Portugal, 1383 Queen of Portugal , daughter of King Ferdinand I ( House of Burgundy (Portugal) )
      1. (I) Henry III. , * 1379, † 1406, 1390 King of Castile and León; ⚭ Katharina von Lancaster , † 1418, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster ( House of Lancaster )
        1. Maria , * 1401, † 1458; ⚭ Alfonso V , King of Aragón, † 1458 (see below)
        2. Catalina, * 1403, † 1439; ⚭ Enrique Infant of Aragón, Count of Ampurias and Alburquerque , † 1445 (see below)
        3. John II , * 1405, † 1454, 1406 King of Castile and León; ⚭ I Maria Infanta of Aragón, † 1445, daughter of Ferdinand I , King of Aragón (see below); ⚭ II Isabel of Portugal, † 1496, daughter of Infant Joao
          1. (I) Henry IV. , * 1425, † 1474, 1454/74 King of Castile and León; ⚭ I Blanka Infanta of Navarre, † 1464, daughter of John II , King of Aragón, Navarre and Sicily (see below); ⚭ II Juana Infanta of Portugal, † 1475, daughter of Edward , King of Portugal
            1. (II) Juana , called La Beltranaja, † 1530, proclaimed queen in 1474; ⚭ Alfonso V , King of Portugal , † 1481
          2. (II) Isabella I the Catholic , * 1451, † 1504, 1474/1504 Queen of Castile and León; ⚭ Ferdinand II , King of Aragon, † 1516 (see below)
          3. (II) Alfons , † 1468, proclaimed king
      2. (I) Ferdinand I , * 1380, † 1416, 1412 King of Aragón and Sicily, Mallorca and Valencia, Count of Barcelona; ⚭ Leonor Urraca de Castilla , † 1435, daughter of Sancho Bastard of Castile, Count of Alburquerque
        1. Alfonso V , * 1394, † 1458, 1416/58 King of Aragón etc .; ⚭ Maria Infanta of Castile , † 1458, daughter of Heinrich III. , King of Castile (specified above)
          1. (illegitimate) Ferdinand I , † 1494, 1443 Duke of Calabria , 1458 King of Naples ; ⚭ I Isabel de Clermont, † 1465, daughter of Tristan, Conte di Capertino; ⚭ II Juana Infanta of Aragón, † 1517, daughter of John II , King of Aragón (see below)
            1. (I) Alfonso II , * 1448, † 1495, 1494/95 King of Naples; ⚭ Ipolita Sforza, † 1484, daughter of Francesco I. Sforza , Duke of Milan
              1. Ferdinand II , * 1469, † 1496, 1495/96 King of Naples; ⚭ Giovanna Princess of Naples, † 1518, daughter of King Ferdinand I , his aunt (see below)
              2. Isabella , * 1470, † 1524; ⚭ Gian Galeazzo Sforza , Duke of Milan , † 1494
              3. Piero, * 1472, † 1491, Principe di Rossano
              4. (illegitimate) Alfonso d'Aragona , † 1500, Prince of Salerno ; ⚭ Lucrezia Borgia , † 1519, daughter of Rodrigo Borgia, later Pope Alexander VI. ( Borgia )
                1. Rodrigo, * 1499, † 1512
              5. (illegitimate) Sancha d'Aragona , * 1478, † 1506; ⚭ Jofré Borgia , Principe di Squillace ( Borgia )
            2. (I) Leonora, * 1450, † 1505; ⚭ Ercole I. d'Este , Duke of Ferrara ( House of Este )
            3. (I) Frederick IV , * 1452, † 1504, 1496/1502 King of Naples; ⚭ I Anna of Savoy, † 1480, daughter of Amadeus IX. , Duke of Savoy ( House of Savoy ); ⚭ II Isabella del Balzo, † 1533, daughter of Piero, Principe di Altamura
              1. (I) Carlotta, † 1506; ⚭ Guy XV. Count of Laval , † 1531 ( House of Montfort-Laval )
              2. (II) Fernando , * 1488, † 1550, Duke of Calabria , Prince of Taranto , Viceroy of Valencia ; ⚭ I Germaine de Foix , † 1538, daughter of Jean de Foix , Vice Count of Narbonne ( Grailly House ), widow of Ferdinand II , King of Aragón (see above) and Johann von Brandenburg-Ansbach; ⚭ II 1540 Mencia de Mendoza, Marquesa de Cenete, † 1554, daughter of Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar de Mendoza, Marqués de Cenete
              3. (II) Isabella, † 1550
              4. (II) Giulia, † 1542; ⚭ Gian Giorgio Paleologo, Margrave of Montferrat , † 1533 ( palaeologists )
            4. (I) Giovanni, * 1456, † 1485, 1477 Archbishop of Taranto , Cardinal
            5. (I) Beatrice , * 1457, † 1508; ⚭ I Matthias Hunyady , King of Hungary and Bohemia , † 1490; ⚭ II Wladislaw Jagiellonczyk , 1471 King of Poland , 1490 King of Hungary, † 1516
            6. (I) Francesco, * 1461, † 1486, Duca di Sant'Angelo
            7. (II) Giovanna, † 1518; ⚭ Ferdinand II , King of Naples , † 1496 (see above)
          2. (illegitimate) Maria, † 1449; ⚭ Leonello d'Este , Margrave of Ferrara, † 1450
          3. (illegitimate) Leonora; ⚭ Mariano Marzano, 3rd Duke of Sessa , 1st Prince of Squillace , † 1494
        2. Maria , † 1445; ⚭ John II , King of Castile , † 1454 (see above)
        3. Johann II. , * 1398, † 1479, 1425/79 King of Navarre , 1458/79 King of Aragón etc., ⚭ I Blanka II. , † 1441, Queen of Navarre, daughter of King Charles III. ( House of France-Évreux ); ⚭ II 1444 Juana Enríquez
          1. (I) Karl (Carlos) , * 1421, † 1461, Prince of Viana ; ⚭ Agnes von Kleve, † 1448, daughter of Adolf I , Duke of Kleve
            1. (illegitimate) Anna, † 1477; ⚭ Luis de La Cerda, 1479 1st Duke of Medinaceli , † 1501
            2. (illegitimate) Philip, X 1488, Archbishop of Palermo
            3. (illegitimate) Juan Alonso, † 1526, Bishop of Huesca
          2. (I) Blanca , * 1424, † 1464; ⚭ Henry IV , King of Castile , † 1474 (see above)
          3. (I) Leonor , * 1425, † 1479, 1479 Queen of Navarre ; ⚭ Gaston IV. , Count of Foix , † 1472 ( Grailly House )
          4. (II) Ferdinand II. The Catholic , * 1452, † 1516, 1468 King of Sicily , 1474 King of Castile and León, 1479 King of Aragon, 1502 King of Naples ; ⚭ I Isabella I the Catholic , † 1504, 1474 Queen of Castile, daughter of King John II (see above); ⚭II Germaine de Foix , † 1538, daughter of Jean de Foix , Vice Count of Narbonne ( Grailly House )
            1. (I) Isabella , * 1470, † 1498; ⚭ I Afonso , Hereditary Infantry of Portugal, † 1491; ⚭II Manuel I , King of Portugal , † 1521 ( House of Avis )
              1. (II) Miguel da Paz , * 1498, † 1500, Hereditary Infantry of Portugal, Prince of Asturias and Gerona
            2. (I) Juan , * 1478, † 1497, ⚭ Margaret of Austria , † 1530, daughter of Emperor Maximilian I ( Habsburg )
              1. Daughter, * and † 1498
            3. (I) Joan the Mad (Juana la Loca) , * 1479, † 1555, 1504/55 Queen of Castile and León, 1516 Queen of Aragón, 1516/55 Queen of Navarre; ⚭ Philip the Handsome , Archduke of Austria , † 1506 ( Habsburg )
            4. (I) Maria , * 1482, † 1517; ⚭ Manuel I , King of Portugal , † 1521 ( House of Avis )
            5. (I) Catalina , * 1485, † 1536; ⚭ I Arthur Tudor , † 1502, Prince of Wales ( House of Tudor ); ⚭ II Henry VIII , King of England , † 1547 (House of Tudor)
            6. (II) Juan, * and † 1509, Prince of Gerona
          5. (II) Juana, † 1517; ⚭ Ferdinand I , King of Naples , † 1494 (see above)
        4. Heinrich (Enrique), † 1445, 1420 Duke of Villena; ⚭ Catalina Infanta of Castile, † 1439, Duchess of Villena, daughter of Heinrich III. , King of Castile (specified above)
          1. Heinrich (Enrique) called Fortuna, † after 1522, Infante of Aragón, 1476 1st Duke of Segorbe , Count of Ampurias
            1. Alfonso de Aragón, † 1562, 2nd Duke of Segorbe; ⚭ Juana Folch de Cardona, 3rd Duchess of Cardona , daughter of Fernando Folch de Cardona, 2nd Duque de Cardona ( House Folch de Cardona )
              1. Francisco de Aragón Folch de Cardona, † 1575, 3rd Duke of Segorbe, 4th Duke of Cardona; ⚭ Angela de Cárdenas y Velasco, daughter of Bernardino de Cárdenas y Pacheco, 2nd Duque de Maqueda
              2. Guiomar, † 1557; ⚭ Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba , † 1585 ( House of Álvarez de Toledo )
              3. Juana de Aragón Folch de Cardona, † 1608, 4th Duquesa de Segorbe, 5th Duquesa de Cardona; ⚭ Diego Fernández de Córdoba, el Africano, 3rd Marqués de Comares
            2. Isabella; ⚭ Íñigo López de Mendoza y Pimentel, † 1566, 4th Duke of El Infantado
        5. Leonor , † 1445; ⚭ Edward , King of Portugal , † 1438
        6. Peter (Pedro, Pietro), X 1438, Duke of Noto
        7. Sancho, † 1416, Grand Master of the Order of Calatrava and Alcántara
    2. Eleonora , † 1415; ⚭ Charles III. , King of Navarre , † 1425 ( House of France-Évreux )

literature

Footnotes

  1. ↑ from: Schwennicke, Volume III.1 (1984), Plate 128