List of Polish rulers
Surname | gender | title | Reign | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lech | Duke of the Polans | Legend | |||
Krak | Duke of the Wislanes | Legend | |||
Popiel | Duke of the Polans | 840-870 | Legend | ||
Siemowit | Piasts | Duke of the Polans | 870-900 | Historicity questionable | |
Lestek | Piasts | Duke of the Polans | 900-930 | Historicity questionable | |
Siemomysł | Piasts | Duke of the Polans | 930-960 | Historicity questionable | |
Mieszko I. | Piasts | Duke of Poland | 960-992 | ||
Bolesław I the Brave | Piasts | Duke of Poland from 1025 King of Poland |
992-1025 |
Personal union of Poland with Bohemia 1003–1004. First King of Poland. |
|
Mieszko II. Lambert | Piasts | 1025-1031 King of Poland | 1025-1031 | As King (I.) Second King of Poland. |
|
Bezprym | Piasts | Duke of Poland | 1031-1032 | ||
Mieszko II. Lambert | Piasts | since 1032 Duke of Poland | 1032-1034 | (again) | |
Casimir I the innovator | Piasts | Duke of Poland | 1034-1058 | ||
Bolesław II the Bold | Piasts | Duke of Poland from 1076 King of Poland |
1058-1079 | Third King of Poland. | |
Wladyslaw I. Herman | Piasts | Duke of Poland | 1079-1102 | ||
Zbigniew | Piasts | Duke of Poland | 1102-1107 | ||
Bolesław III. Crooked mouth | Piasts | Duke of Poland | 1102-1138 | Introduction of the seniorate in 1138. Lesser Poland with Krakow designated as a seniorate province . The eldest of the Piast family, senior duke (Princeps) of Poland, thereby primacy over all Polish duchies. 1177 Constitutional collapse due to a coup under Casimir II; confirmed in the Diet of Łęczyca in 1180. | |
Władysław II. The expellee | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1138-1146 | ||
Bolesław IV. The frizzy | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1146-1173 | ||
Mieszko III. the old | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1173-1177 | ||
Casimir II the Just | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1177-1194 | ||
Leszek I the White | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1194-1198 | ||
Mieszko III. the old | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1198-1202 | (again) | |
Wladyslaw III. Thin leg | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1202-1206 | ||
Leszek I the White | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1206-1210 | (again) | |
Mieszko IV. Sacrum | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1210-1211 | ||
Leszek I the White | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1211-1227 | (again) | |
Wladyslaw III. Thin leg | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1228-1229 | (again) | |
Conrad of Mazovia | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1229-1232 | ||
Henry I the Bearded | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1232-1238 | ||
Henry II the Pious | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1238-1241 | ||
Boleslaw II the savage | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1241 | ||
Conrad of Mazovia | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1241-1243 | (again) | |
Bolesław V. the Shameful | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1243-1279 | ||
Leszek II the black | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1279-1288 | ||
Henry IV Probus | Piasts | Senior Duke of Poland | 1288-1290 | ||
Przemysł II. | Piasts | 1290–1291 Senior Duke of Poland from 1295 King of Poland |
1290-1296 | With his coronation as Polish king, the central power was strengthened again. Fourth king of Poland. |
|
Wenceslas II | Premyslids | from 1291 Duke in Krakow , until 1295 Senior Duke of Poland from 1300 King of Poland |
1300-1305 |
Personal union of Bohemia with Poland 1300–1305. Fifth King of Poland. |
|
Wenceslaus III | Premyslids | King of Poland | 1305-1306 | Just a titular king , never crowned. | |
Władysław I. A cubit long | Piasts | from 1306 duke in Krakow from 1320 king of Poland |
1306-1333 | As king ( I. ) | |
Casimir I the Great | Piasts | King of Poland | 1333-1370 | As king ( I. ) | |
Ludwig |
Capetian house Anjou |
King of Poland | 1370-1382 | Personal union of Hungary with Poland 1370–1382. | |
Hedwig / Jadwiga | Capetian house Anjou |
Queen of Poland | 1382-1399 | From 1386 together with Grand Duke Jogaila (Jagiello) ; Personal union of Lithuania with Poland until 1569, then real union . | |
Władysław II Jagiełło | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1386-1434 | ||
Wladyslaw III. from Varna | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1434-1444 | King Władysław was also King of Hungary from 1440. He died in 1444 in the Battle of Varna while saving the Eastern Roman Empire in the fight against the Ottoman Turks . Personal union of Hungary with Poland 1440–1444. | |
Casimir II of the Jagiellonian | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1447-1492 | As king ( II. ); | |
Johann I. Albrecht | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1492-1501 | ||
Alexander the Jagiellone | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1501-1506 | ||
Sigismund I the Old | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1506-1548 | ||
Sigismund II August I. | Jagiellonian | King of Poland | 1548-1572 | King Sigismund August was the last Polish king from the Jagiellonian dynasty. During his reign, the personal union between Poland and Lithuania was transformed into a real union. Poland-Lithuania became an aristocratic republic in 1569 with a king elected by the nobility . | |
Henry of Valois | Capetian House of Valois |
King of Poland | 1573-1574 | ||
Anna Jagiellonica | Jagiellonian | Queen of Poland | 1574–1575, formally until 1587 | ||
Stephan Báthory | Báthory | King of Poland | 1575-1586 | ||
Sigismund III. | Wasa | King of Poland | 1587-1632 | King Sigismund Wasa was King of Sweden from 1592 until he was deposed by the Swedish Diet in 1599 . Personal union between Sweden and Poland-Lithuania 1592–1599. | |
Wladyslaw IV. | Wasa | King of Poland | 1632-1648 | ||
John II Casimir | Wasa | King of Poland | 1648-1668 | ||
Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki | Wiśniowiecki | King of Poland | 1669-1673 | ||
Johann III. Sobieski | Sobieski | King of Poland | 1674-1696 | ||
August II the Strong | Wettiner | King of Poland | 1697-1704 | August the Strong was already elector of Saxony when he was crowned King of Poland . Personal union of the Electorate of Saxony with Poland-Lithuania 1697–1763. | |
Stanislaus I. Leszczyński | Leszczyński | King of Poland | 1704-1709 | With the support of King Karl XII. set up by Sweden as an opposing king in 1704 and elected king by part of the Polish nobility and crowned in 1705. | |
August II the Strong | Wettiner | King of Poland | 1709-1733 | (again) | |
Stanislaus I. Leszczyński | Leszczyński | King of Poland | 1733-1736 | (again); In 1733 he was elected King of Poland by a clear majority to succeed Augustus the Strong. Removed from power by Russian and Saxon troops with political support from Austria as part of the War of the Polish Succession . | |
August III. | Wettiner | King of Poland | 1733-1763 | ||
Stanislaus II August Poniatowski | Poniatowski | King of Poland | 1764-1795 |
During the third partition of Poland in 1795, the kingdom was dissolved. From 1807 to 1815 the Duchy of Warsaw existed as a satellite state of Napoleon . Duke was King Friedrich August I of Saxony , grandson of the penultimate King of Poland August III. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, an autonomous "Kingdom of Poland", also called Congress Poland , was created in personal union with Russia . The Russian tsars Alexander I and Nicholas I were crowned kings of Poland . With the November uprising and the deposition of the Romanov dynasty by the Polish Sejm , Congress Poland lost its autonomy in 1831 and was downgraded to the status of an ordinary Russian province and incorporated directly into the Russian Empire . From 1916 to 1918 there was a reign of Poland (without a king, but with a three-member Regency Council) as a satellite state of the Central Powers .
See also
- List of Presidents of Poland (from 1918)
- History of Poland