Peißnitz Island
| Peißnitz Island | ||
|---|---|---|
| Waters | Saale | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 29 '29 " N , 11 ° 56' 55" E | |
|
||
| length | 1.9 km | |
| width | 340 m | |
| surface | 46 ha | |
| main place | Peißnitzhaus | |
The Peißnitzinsel is an inland island or river island of the Saale in Halle (Saale) . Your name is probably derived from the Slavic pustenzia (= wasteland, wilderness). A Sorbian settlement in the 7th or 8th century is assumed , which could also have been the basis for the name of today's Gimritz estate on the island (Gumnizte = barn place).
geography
The Peißnitzinsel is surrounded by the navigable Saale (or Stromsaale) and the Wilder Saale, a broad branch. Its north-south extension is around 2.5 km.
Usage history
The porphyry dome located roughly in the middle probably once supported a Slavic defense system. In the Middle Ages, the island belonged to the Neuwerk monastery . With the Reformation it came into the possession of the city of Halle together with Gut Gimritz in 1540 and was initially used for agriculture.
In 1821 the Peißnitz was sold to the bailiff Ludwig Barthels, who gave the southern part of the site a park-like design and had a so-called Jagdhof built on the site of today's Peißnitzhaus.
The city of Halle bought the island back in 1888 with the aim of establishing a local recreation area . In 1893 she had the (today's) Peißnitzhaus built as an excursion restaurant. In 1899 the Peißnitz bridge was built. From 1900 the island was solely used as a recreational area for the population of the industrial city.
From 1947 the southern part and the middle of the Peißnitz were leased to the Soviet military administration to build a culture park . The area was fenced in and only Soviet military personnel were allowed to enter. In addition to carousels and various fountains, at least two stages and a pavilion café on the northern tip were part of the park.
With the end of this use, the island was again accessible to everyone and retained its character as a central recreation area with leisure and cultural offers.
The Gimritz estate
Gut Gimritz in the southern part of the island, owned by the city of Halle since 1540, was part of the hall circle of the Archbishopric of Magdeburg . In 1680 the Archbishopric came under Brandenburg-Prussian rule as the Duchy of Magdeburg . Regarding the jurisdiction, the Halle municipal administration Gimritz was divided. The lower courts of the whole Peißnitzinsel were subordinate to the Vorwerk, the higher jurisdiction lay with the Amt Giebichenstein .
After the reorganization of the Prussian state territory, the Gimritz estate had belonged to the Saalkreis in the Merseburg administrative district of the Prussian province of Saxony since 1816 . In 1900 it was incorporated into the urban area of Halle.
The area of the property was redesigned into an exclusive residential complex after 2001. There is also a kindergarten and the nursing home "Haus am Mühlenhof" on the former estate.
Nature and landscape protection
The Peißnitzinsel is part of the conservation area, "Middle Saale Valley". The northern tip of the island is designated as a nature reserve with an area of around 12.38 hectares. The hardwood floodplain forest growing there with oak, ash, Norway maple, sycamore maple, hornbeam, elm and winter and summer linden is a habitat for a species-rich amphibian fauna.
The 3.5 hectare Gimritzer Park on the southern tip of the Peißnitzinsel has several dendrological features: cucumber magnolia , thornless leather sleeve tree , ginkgo and tulip tree . In addition, you will find near-natural vegetation in the bank areas, rich meadow flora and numerous native woody species, including 200-year-old pedunculate oaks and the largest group of yew trees in the city area.
Bridge structures
Today the island is accessible from the Ziegelwiese (also a Saale island ) to the east over the Peißnitz bridge , from the west towards Halle-Neustadt over three bridges (Schwanenbrücke, Gimritzer Gutsbrücke, Bürgerbrücke) and at the southern tip over the Schafbrücke.
The old wooden bridge at the ice rink had to be demolished in 2011 because it was in disrepair. The Bürgerbrücke, a new tubular steel truss bridge, was built in its place from May 2013 and opened to pedestrian traffic for the first time at the 2013 Lantern Festival . It was largely financed by donations from Halle's citizens and companies. In 2016 the bridge at Gut Gimritz was also replaced by a new building.
Plant and building stock as well as leisure activities
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- The Peißnitzhaus , built in 1893 as an excursion restaurant, was first used as a forest and recreation school from 1923 and as the seat of the Hitler Youth in Halle from 1934 . In 1947 the city of Halle signed a lease agreement with the Soviet military administration for the purpose of using the Peißnitzhaus as a cultural center for the Soviet armed forces. In 1950 the building became the GDR's first district pioneer house . After the peaceful revolution in 1989 , the building was initially unused and fell into disrepair. Today an association tries to preserve it and make it usable again.
- The listed space flight planetarium " Sigmund Jähn " was located near the Peißnitz bridge . It was opened on November 10, 1978 and had about 160 seats. The planetarium was demolished in early 2018.
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- A very popular attraction, especially with children, is the Halle Park Railway . The narrow-gauge railway enables tours across the island. It was built in the GDR as a so-called pioneer railway.
- With the Peißnitz stage in the middle of the island there is an open-air stage for concerts and events.
- There are three large playgrounds on the island. The Bashkir playground, located in the northern part of the island behind the Peißnitzhaus, was designed and built by students from Ufa (twin town of Halle) in the mid-1970s. It still differs from other playgrounds today because of its large wooden figures from the Bashkir world of legends, the unusual play equipment and the combination of wood and stone.
- In the southern part, some of the parks built in the 19th century are still there today.
literature
- The Peißnitzinsel: Island hike 1 : Leaflet of the Peißnitzhaus eV, project management: H.Schütz, R.Rauer, (PDF: 247 kB)
- The Peißnitzinsel : Youth workshop "Frohe Zukunft" (Ed.), Halle 2007, (PDF: 3.8 MB)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mention of the place in the book "Geography for all Stands", p. 127
- ^ The hall circle in the municipality register 1900
- ^ Felix Knothe: Halle: Bürgerbrücke on the Peißnitz should be ready next year. In: mz-web.de. Mitteldeutsche Zeitung , June 1, 2012, accessed on May 14, 2014 .
- ↑ Mitteldeutsche Zeitung of January 24, 2018 on the demolition of the planetarium