Pentostatin

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Structural formula
Structure of pentostatin
General
Surname Pentostatin
other names
  • (8 R ) -3 - [(2 R , 4 S , 5 R ) -4-hydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl) oxolan-2-yl] -7,8-dihydro-4 H -imidazo [4,5- d ] [1,3] diazepin-8-ol ( IUPAC )
  • Co-Vidarabine
  • Deoxyformycin
  • Pentostatins
Molecular formula C 11 H 16 N 4 O 4
Brief description

colorless solid

External identifiers / databases
CAS number 53910-25-1
EC number 637-271-5
ECHA InfoCard 100.164.991
PubChem 439693
ChemSpider 388759
DrugBank DB00552
Wikidata Q425470
Drug information
ATC code

L01 XX08

properties
Molar mass 268.27 g · mol -1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

220-225 ° C

pK s value

5.2

solubility
  • soluble in water
  • soluble in ethanol, methanol, DMF and DMSO
safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
06 - Toxic or very toxic

danger

H and P phrases H: 301
P: 301 + 310
Toxicological data

227 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  mouse ,  oral )

As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Pentostatin (Nipent) is a cytostatic and an analog of hypoxanthine . It inhibits the enzyme adenosine deaminase, an enzyme of purine metabolism , which is present in the lymphatic tissue with high activity . This inhibits RNA synthesis and causes DNA damage. It is obtained biotechnologically from Streptomyces species.

application areas

Pentostatin is used as monotherapy for hairy cell leukemia . In a clinical study in patients with treatment-resistant chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), pentostatin was combined with fludarabine . This combination is not recommended because of serious side effects. A combination with vidarabine increases its effect. Because of an increase in side effects, the therapeutic benefit here is not guaranteed. A combination of pentostatin with cyclophosphamide is also not recommended because of serious side effects.

dosage

Pentostatin is recommended for the treatment of hairy cell leukemia at a dose of 4 mg / m² at 14-day intervals.

Side effects

Pentostatin has a lymphocytotoxic effect and inhibits the immune system , in particular by suppressing CD4 + lymphocytes . In addition to myelosuppression , leukopenia and thrombocytopenia are common . In addition, the usual side effects associated with the use of cytostatics can be observed, such as fever, tiredness, infections, pain and nausea.

literature

  • ABDA database via WINAPO Lauer-Taxe: data sheet for Nipent (Pentostatin) , as of May 1, 2011

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Datasheet Pentostatin, ≥98% (HPLC) from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on December 9, 2015 ( PDF ).
  2. ↑ Pentostatin for Injection  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at Hospira, accessed May 12, 2011.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / products.hospira.com  
  3. ↑ Laman A. Al Razzak, Annalisa E. Benedetti, Wanda N. Waugh, Valentine J. Stella: Chemical stability of pentostatin (NSC-218321), a cytotoxic and immunosuppressant agent . In: Pharmaceutical Research . tape 07 , no. 5 , 1990, ISSN  0724-8741 , pp. 452-460 , doi : 10.1023 / A: 1015852329748 .
  4. ↑ a b c data sheet pentostatin at Bioaustralis, accessed on December 9, 2015.