Per-Ingvar Brånemark

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Per-Ingvar Brånemark (2012)

Per-Ingvar Brånemark (born May 3, 1929 in Karlshamn , Sweden ; † December 20, 2014 Gothenburg , Sweden) was a Swedish orthopedist , researcher and developer of titanium dental implants , which have been used worldwide since the 1980s. 2015 marks the 50th anniversary of his pioneering work after Brånemark placed the first titanium implants in his patient Gösta Larsson in 1965, which Larsson performed for over forty years - until his death in 2006. Titanium implants are now produced by over 100 manufacturers and have been used in over ten million patients since they were first implanted. He is known as the father of modern implantology .

Life

Brånemark studied medicine at Lund University . As a university lecturer for anatomy he worked from 1969 at the University of Gothenburg . In 1966, Brånemark was the first scientist to coined the term " osseointegration " ( Latin : Os "bones", integrare "to bind"), which has entered the international nomenclature. In 1978 he wrote a basic work on dental implants . In 1989 the Brånemark Osseointegration Center (BOC) in Gothenburg was named after him. Brånemark died on December 20, 2014 in his hometown Gothenburg at the age of 85 from complications from a heart attack . He is known as the father of modern implantology .

plant

X-ray of the osseointegration of the implanted measuring device made of titanium on the tibia and fibula of the test animal.
Titanium-coated Brånemark dental implant in size comparison
Tooth crown on implant

In 1952, Brånemark studied the blood circulation in bone healing. For this purpose, he attached an optical measuring device made of titanium to the leg of a rabbit in an animal experiment in order to study the microcirculation . When he tried to remove the device after a while, he was surprised that the device had firmly attached to the bone. In follow-up studies on microcirculation, twenty students had titanium probes implanted for several months. Brånemark found that the probes did not show any signs of inflammation or rejection reactions . He then devoted himself to the investigation of titanium compatibility in the human body. In a team he put together of doctors , dentists , engineers , biologists and metallurgists , he carried out research in a field that he called osseointegration. In the light microscope area, a direct functional and structural bond is created between the living bone tissue and the surface of a stressed titanium bone implant. With materials used previously (steel, ceramics), a connective tissue cuff developed between the implant and the bone as a foreign body reaction . A dental implant is a tooth root replacement on which dentures in the form of crowns , bridges or dentures can be attached.

In 1965, Gösta Larsson, a Swedish taxi driver, became the first dental patient in Brånemark. Brånemark placed a series of titanium implants that Larsson kept for the rest of his life. Larsson was born with a deformed jaw. Dentures could be built on four titanium implants that were implanted in him , after which he was able to eat and speak normally for the first time in his life. When he died in 2006, his implants had remained in his jaw for 40 years without any problems.

Until the mid-1970s, Sweden's dental societies initially refused to recognize his research results. They accused Brånemark of not even being a dentist, that his method was not new and that it was expensive, dangerous and painful. Only then was osseointegration in dentistry recognized by the Swedish health authorities.

In 1978 the first consensus conference on osseointegration took place, which was jointly sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and Harvard University . In 1982 Brånemark presented the principle of osseointegration of titanium implants in Toronto, whereupon it found worldwide recognition and has since been one of the most important scientific breakthroughs in dentistry since the late 1970s. Since that first implantation, more than ten million people worldwide have received titanium implants based on Per-Ingvar Brånemark's discovery. In 1981, Brånemark founded Nobelpharma, now Nobel Biocare , with the Swedish armaments manufacturer Bofors , through which Brånemark implants are sold. As a result, titanium implants found their way into various fields of medicine and veterinary medicine .

Brånemark did not like the term implant and preferred the term fixture because, in his opinion, many patients suffered senselessly from the earlier "implants".

Prizes and awards (selection)

Per-Ingvar Brånemark received the following awards and recognitions.

  • Honorary membership of the American Academy of Denture Prosthetics (American Academy of Dental Prosthetics)
  • Honorary membership of Svenska Tandläkare-Sällskapet (Swedish Dental Association)
  • Honorary membership of the Société Belge de Parodontologie (Belgian Society for Periodontology)
  • Honorary doctorate from Umeå University , Sweden
  • Honorary Doctorate from Georgetown University , Washington, DC
  • Honorary doctorate from the Universidad de Chile

Follow-up work

Building on his father's discovery, Rickard Brånemark , one of his three children, developed orthopedic arm and leg prostheses made of titanium, which can also be attached to the respective bones by means of osseointegration.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Frederic Love, The man who made people smile . Retrieved December 23, 2014
  2. ^ Tamar Lewin: Per-Ingvar Branemark, Dental Innovator, Dies at 85. In: The New York Times of December 27, 2014 (English, accessed December 28, 2014).
  3. ↑ LB Shulman, TD Driskell, Dental Implants: A Historical Perspective . In Block, M .; Kent, J .; Guerra, L. Implants in Dentistry. Philadelphia: WB Saunders. p. 2., (1997). ISBN 0-7216-2174-0 .
  4. ^ The American Academy of Crown and Bridge prosthodontics
  5. ↑ Casa de Bello ( Memento of the original from January 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / honoriscausa.unab.cl
  6. ^ Göteborg National Center for Biomaterials and Cell Therapy . Retrieved March 11, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Brånemark, Per-Ingvar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish orthopedist and researcher
DATE OF BIRTH May 3, 1929
PLACE OF BIRTH Gothenburg , Sweden
DATE OF DEATH 20th December 2014
Place of death Gothenburg , Sweden