Parish Church Bregenz-St. Gallus
The Roman Catholic parish church Bregenz-St. Gallus stands on the church square in the city of Bregenz in Vorarlberg . The parish church of St. Gallus is part of the Bregenz deanery in the Feldkirch diocese . The church is a listed building .
location
The church stands in the southeast of the city center of Bregenz in the Dorf district on a terrace that slopes down to the Thalbach and rises to the Gallus pen and Gebhardsberg .
history
There was a Romanesque church on the site from the second half of the 5th century. When the Irish wandering monk Columban von Luxeuil was in Bregenz in 610 with his brother Gallus and eleven other brothers, he discovered a destroyed church and assigned this church to an assumed saint Aurelia. The church was named in 1079 when the monastery was founded in Mehrerau . The excavation in 1973 revealed an early Romanesque rectangular building and a late Romanesque extension to a three-nave building. The church was extended to the west with a single nave to the same extent as the previous three-aisled building and was given a square choir room to the east, which was attached to the still existing late Romanesque choir, and was consecrated in 1380. After a fire in 1477, a new choir with a 3/8 end was built and a mighty tower in the west was consecrated in 1480. In 1737 the church was rebuilt according to plans by Franz Anton Beer with new fittings and furnishings. A restoration took place in 1939, from 1968 to 1972 outside, from 1973 to 1974 inside.
architecture
The mighty, baroque building under a steep gable roof with a wide, slightly indented choir has low, transept-like side chapels in the nave area. A baroque and a new sacristy have been added to the north of the choir . The gable facade in the west is a mighty, late Gothic tower with a coffin cornice and three storeys in front. The tower has three raised, fluted pointed arch openings and a vestibule under a groin vault on the ground floor . On the top floor, the tower has three high, pointed arched windows decorated with tracery. The roof end of the tower was created between 1672 and 1673 by master bricklayer Michael Kuen and stonemason Hans Jakob Gruber according to the plans of the architect Sebastian Greuter. A curved gable of the tower with spherical and obelis accessories is raised by a roof turret with an onion dome on a gable roof .
The flattened lancet vault of the three-bay nave rests on walls with stucco capitals without pilasters . The low, transept-like side chapels are opened to the nave with belt arches on pillars. A retracted, round-arched triumphal arch connects the nave and choir. The two-bay choir with a 3/8 end has arched windows. The double gallery in the nave rests on four stone pillars over three-axis arches.
Furnishing
The choir stalls were created by Johann Joseph Christian from 1742 for Mehrerau Abbey (completed by Joseph Hofer in 1746) and moved here in 1808.
Fixtures and fittings
- The Chapel of St. Michael is the crypt under the choir with an outside entrance on the south side of the choir. The two-bay, groin-vaulted chapel with a triangular apse shows frescoes by the painter Ulrich Geser from around 1480 to 1490. In the altar niche they show the saints Urban and Ursula, on the north side Maria with Child, Gallus and members of the donor family Hans Kaisermann († 1498) from Bregenz with coat of arms.
- Armor Chapel, Mount of Olives Chapel and Arch Chapel as a group, built around 1670.
Other buildings in the parish
The chapel of St. Ottilie is on the staircase below the sacristan's house . Another chapel is near the old people's home. The sacristan's house is from the 2nd half of the 16th century. The benefit house , built after 1701 with a terracotta relief St. Joseph. The resident rectory dates from 1752, the late Baroque prebend house also from the middle of the 18th century. The war memorial north of the church with a dying warrior was created in 1931 by the sculptor Albert Bechtold .
Personalities
- At the church and the adjacent Ernst-Volkmann-Stiege, the former sacristan of the church and conscientious objector Ernst Volkmann (1902–1941) is remembered.
literature
- Bregenz, parish church hl. Gallus. In: The art monuments of Austria. Dehio Vorarlberg 1983 . Pp. 60-64.
Individual evidence
- ^ Heinz Höfchen: Lake Constance. German, Austrian and Swiss banks (= Artemis-Cicerone art and travel guide ). Artemis Verlag, Munich / Zurich 1989, ISBN 3-7608-0801-8 , p. 151 (there erroneously "Christians").
Web links
Coordinates: 47 ° 29 ′ 54.3 " N , 9 ° 44 ′ 52.9" E