Parish Church St. Rupert (Trofaiach)
The parish church of St. Rupert in Trofaiach in Styria is a Roman Catholic church . It is dedicated to St. Rupert .
history
The parish church of St. Rupert in Trofaiach was first mentioned in a document in 1195. It can be assumed that the church was built over 200 years earlier. According to a document that Emperor Otto II (HRR) signed in Taranto in 985 , it is confirmed that the Archdiocese of Salzburg acquired the "Liubina" estate in 925, in whose core area the church is located. In 1195 the church was founded by Archbishop Adalbert III, together with most of the churches in the region . handed over from Salzburg to Admont Abbey . The Trofaiach parish was the mother parish for the area around the Styrian Erzberg in the High Middle Ages . Eisenerz (Styria), Radmer, Vordernberg and St. Peter Freienstein were daughter parishes of Trofaiach when they were founded and only gradually became independent. Since the Middle Ages there have been two churches in Trofaiach, besides the parish church, the Dreifaltigkeitskirche (Trofaiach) located about 350 meters to the south .
The parish church was incorporated into Admont Abbey until the 16th century . As early as 1437, the sovereign princes, especially Emperor Friedrich III. to restrict the Admonter parish rights and to break the bond to the monastery. After decades of tug-of-war, in 1533 the monastery had to come to terms with the fact that the rights associated with the parish were passed to the sovereigns. In 1480 there was a Turkish invasion of Styria. Among other things, the Grießmayrhof next to the parish church and the Salvator Chapel were destroyed. In 1483, Emperor Friedrich III. HRR the judge and council of Trofaiach the wine tax for three years with the condition that the money be used for a church fortification. A remnant of this fortification is the still existing gate building at Hauptstrasse 73.
In contrast to the residents of the neighboring towns of Vordernberg and Eisenerz , the citizens of Trofaiach only became followers of Martin Luther's new teaching relatively late, around the middle of the 16th century. About fifty years later, all Trofaiachers had become Catholics again through the measures of the Counter Reformation .
Church building
The sparse source situation in the period before and around the year 1000 is the reason that there are no documents regarding the original construction of the Trofaiach parish church. It is believed that the first church building was made of wood in the 10th century. Today's nave in its floor plan and the tower lead back to the construction period of the 13th century, from which stone walls of a later bricked-up Romanesque double window have been preserved on the east side of the tower. A bricked-up Romanesque window can also be seen on the south side of the nave.
The current floor plan of the Rupertikirche is narrow and elongated with a length of 50 m. The outer nave width is 13.5 m. Remnants of the wall that have been preserved in the attic show that the nave of the originally Romanesque church had a flat roof. The first enlargement concerned the choir , which was added in the 14th century in the Gothic style on the east side of the nave. The year 1462, which is carved into the stone reveal of the second south window, indicates the construction date for the Gothic vaulting and further Gothicization of the nave. A rib system of four four-part diamond stars covers the vault. The ribs end on capitals, which transfer the load on half-columns. On the outside, the buttresses, which are large enough to accommodate the vaulting, protrude almost one and a half meters from the wall. Large window openings in the south wall allow plenty of light to enter. The pointed arch windows are unevenly arranged and of different widths. A few years later the organ gallery was installed. Four pairs of octagonal pillars support a ribbed vault. The heads of the builder and the pastor can be found on the consoles below the gallery. In 1698 the northern sacristy and a baptistery were added. The church tower was also increased by one storey.
Originally there was a cemetery around the church. This was rebuilt from 1840 at the current location in Friedhofgasse. The structural substance of the church was renovated in 1961/62 and 1995/96. The walls were drained and most of the facades were newly plastered. Furthermore, the roof structure was repaired and the roof completely re-covered. The tower was also re-covered and the tower cross restored.
Furnishing
The church furnishings with their lavish decor and high altar structures come from the high baroque period.
- The high altar (from 1722) contains an altar sheet depicting the baptism of the Bavarian Duke Theodo II by St. Rupert. The painter is unknown. The representation of this baptism is very similar to that in the collegiate church of St. Peter in Salzburg. The center of the altarpiece is a sculptural group with the coronation of Mary by the Holy Trinity. The apostles Peter and Paul and the bishops Virgil and Gebhard are posted to the side of the gilded tabernacle cabinet.
- In the niches on the north wall, which were created by the protruding wall pillars, there are three high side altars with a similar structure. They come from Matthäus Krenauer from Leoben.
- Anna-Altar: The picture shows a representation of the holy clan Josef , Maria , Jesuskind, Anna and Joachim . In front of the pillars are the figures of Elisabeth with son Johannes and husband Zacharias . In the essay the picture of God the Father with the globe (inscription with monogram 1731)
- Cross altar: This is dark blue-black and represents a plastic crucifixion group with the crucified and Mary and John . In the top you can see the flaming heart with the monogram of Jesus IHS. Date of origin: 1735.
- Florianialtar: It dates from 1760. The statues of Saints Sebastian and George cover the altarpiece, which is dedicated to St. Florian represents the protector of the Trofaiach market. The view of the town with the two Trofaiach churches, the rectory, the Maria Freienstein church and the Stibichhofen castle coincides with a pencil sketch by Johann Max Tendler , who inserted the image into the picture around 1850. In the upper part of the altar another weather saint is depicted, which is seldom shown in Austria, namely Saint Donatus of Münstereifel .
Further carved figures of saints on wall consoles complete the figural decoration: Magdalena , Nepomuk and Maria under a canopy.
To the right and left of the choir there are two praying chapels on the upper floor, which are clad with high decorative parapets (made around 1710).
The oldest representations in the parish church are the frescos from the 15th century, which came to light again during the interior restoration in 1961. Below is a representation of St. Christophorus on the north wall of the choir and next to it a somewhat destroyed man of sorrows .
During this restoration, vault paintings that had been whitewashed with fantasy motifs, flowers, blossoms and leaves were exposed. The following representations are painted in four square diamonds:
- Christ in the mandorla as judge of the world
- enthroned Madonna and Child
- enthroned bishop, presumably St. Rupert, with miter , pedum and book
- St. Dorothea on a throne bench.
Around the Heiliggeistloch four angels making music were depicted on frescoes in 1470, which are clearly separated from each other by the cross vault. In addition to the portative (= portable small organ), the secular instruments, buckled neck lute and trombone are shown, the latter in two different sizes and thus moods. At that time the painter obviously wanted to depict "modern" instruments that had just been adopted from court music for church music.
The new organ installed in 2007 was built by the Slovenian Organ Building Institute in Maribor. It has 24 registers, which are divided between two manuals and the pedals. There are a total of 1547 different pipes in the organ. The purchase price of 280,000 euros was raised from support contributions from the parish communities and from substantial donations from the population.
In August 2010, two drunken hooligans destroyed the crucifix on the west side and the figures of the late Gothic Mount of Olives on the south side of the church. The crucifix was renovated in 2011 and the Mount of Olives group was restored until 2014.
For the 550th anniversary of the Gothicization of the Rupertikirche in 2012 the people's altar and the ambo were renewed. It was important to use stone from Trofaiach for this purpose, namely dolomite with cinnabar from the Gößgraben and light and dark marble from Kaintalegg. The stones were cut, sanded and polished to form the altar and the ambo.
literature
- Georg Dehio (welcomed), Kurt Woisetschläger u. a. (Arrangement): Dehio Steiermark (without Graz) . Verlag Anton Schroll, Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-85028-439-5 , therein: Trofaiach, parish church hl. Rupert , pp. 567f.
Web links
- Catholic Church Styria Parish Trofaiach [1]
Individual evidence
- ^ Trofaiach, History of a Styrian Parish, editor Dechant Egydius Reiter, (1963) page 35f.
- ^ Peter Klug: Chronicle of Trofaiach 1954 , unpublished manuscript in the possession of the Trofaiach City Museum, p. 11f
- ↑ Ulrich Ocherbauer: Building history of the parish church , in Trofaiach history of a Styrian parish 1963 p. 60f.
- ↑ http://www.aeiou.at/aeiou.music.4.1/040103.htm
Coordinates: 47 ° 25 ′ 40.6 ″ N , 15 ° 0 ′ 30.5 ″ E