Penny-leaved violet

Penny-leaved violet
Penny-leaved violet ( Viola nummulariifolia )
Systematics
Rosids Eurosiden I Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales) Family : Violet family (Violaceae) Genre : Violets ( viola ) Type : Penny-leaved violet
Scientific name
Viola nummulariifolia
Vill.

The penny-leaved violet ( Viola nummulariifolia ) is a species of plant in the violet family (Violaceae). It occurs only in Corsica and the Maritime Alps .

description

Illustration: the habitus, the stalked leaves and the zygomorphic flowers with their spurs are easy to recognize.

Habit and flowers of the penny-leaved violet at an altitude of about 2700 meters on the Testa di Malinvern ( Parco Naturale delle Alpi Marittime ) in the Maritime Alps . The crystalline silicate rock of the site is easy to see.

The penny-leaved violet grows as a perennial , herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 3 to 5 centimeters. At the base, the stem axis branches off somewhat. The short stems grow prostrate. The plant parts do not form hairs. The alternate distributed on the stem leaves are stalked. The petiole is about as long as the leaf blade. The simple, shiny green leaf blade is egg-shaped to circular or heart-shaped with a length of 1 to 2 cm. The leaf margin is entire. In the 5 millimeter long, oblong to lanceolate shape and tapering stipules, the stipules that grow further below have entire margins, those higher up have a serrated leaf margin.

The flowering period extends from July to September. The stalked hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are 4 to 6 millimeters long and lanceolate in shape and often with a blunt tip. Of the five light blue petals , the lateral ones are spread apart or the lower ones are approached. The 10 to 12 mm long corolla has a white throat. The yellowish, blunt spur measures 1.5 millimeters to 3 millimeters in length. It towers above the chalice appendages. The scar has a funnel-shaped cavity.

A round, short, pointed capsule forms as the fruit . Their length is slightly less than that of the chalice.

Occurrence

The penny-leaved violet is native to Corsica and the French and Italian Maritime Alps . It thrives exclusively on silicate rock in snow valleys and on long snow-covered rock debris at altitudes between 1500 and 2800 meters.

Common names

The Italian common name is Viola delle Alpi Marittime - translated as "sea alpine violets"; not to be confused with the maritime violet ( Viola valderia ) with darker reddish-purple petals.

Taxonomy

Viola nummulariifolia was in 1779 by Dominique Villars in Prospectus de l'Histoire des Plantes de Dauphiné , 26 first published .

swell

• Xaver Finkenzeller: Alpine flowers. Munich 2003, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
• Christopher Gray-Wilson, Marjorie Blamey: Pareys Bergblumenbuch , Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-82638-525-X .
• Wolfgang Lippert: Photo Atlas of Alpine Flowers. Flowering plants of the Eastern and Western Alps , Graefe and Unzer 1988, ISBN 3-7742-3427-2 , Pfennigblättriges Veilchen ( Viola nummulariifolia ) on page 175, illustration 191.
• Viola nummulariifolia at Tela Botanica (fr.)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Entry in Schede di Botanica.
2. ^ Viola nummulariifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

Web links

Commons : Penny-leaved Violet ( Viola nummulariifolia )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files