Philibert de l'Orme

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Engraving by an unknown artist with the portrait of Philibert Delormes, ca.1626

Philibert de l'Orme also called Philibert Delorme (* around 1510 in Lyon ; † January 8, 1570 in Paris ) was a French Renaissance architect and specialist author for stonemasonry and vaulting techniques.

Life

Delorme was the son of the builder Jehan de Lorme, grew up in Lyon and learned the building trade. In 1533 at the latest he traveled to Italy , where he worked for Pope Paul III. was active and familiarized himself with the ancient monuments and buildings of the High Renaissance. In 1536 he returned to France and between 1541 and 1543 worked on the construction of the Château de St. Maur for Cardinal du Bellay, whom he had met in Rome. After the death of Francis I in 1547, Henry II appointed him overseer of all royal buildings with the exception of the Louvre. In the following years he supervised the construction of Fontainebleau , Saint-Germain (from 1550) and Château de Madrid, St. Leger and other projects of the French royal family. His masterpiece is the Chateau d'Anet , which Henry II had built for his mistress Diane de Poitiers between 1544 and 1555. He also created the tomb for Francis I in the abbey church of Saint-Denis. After the death of Henry II in 1559, Francesco Primaticcio replaced him as general building inspector. During the almost five years of disgrace that followed, he wrote his books Nouvelles Inventions pour bien bastir et à petits Fraiz (1561, the first book on the technique of stone carving and in particular the theory of stereotomy , the stone carving in vault constructions) and especially L 'Architecture ( 1567). But as early as 1563, Caterina de 'Medici commissioned him to expand the Castle of St. Maur and a little later to build the Palais des Tuileries , which was destroyed in 1871 and on which he worked until his death in 1570.

Delorme's work had effects up to modern times, such as B. to the tram depot in Frankfurt-Bockenheim .

proof

  1. Philippe Potié Philibert de l'Orme 1998
  2. ^ Jean-Marie Perouse de Montclos Philibert De l'Orme, architecte du roi 1514-1570 (2000)
  3. Pierre Mardaga Architecture de Philibert de l'Orme: Oeuvre entière contenant onze livres (1995)
  4. ^ Archives Royales de Chenonceau. Lettres et Devis de P. de l'Orme 2010
  5. Philibert de l'Orme. Traduit de l'anglais par Jean LE REGRATTIER. Traduction revue par l'auteur.
  6. Giuseppe Fallacara Concetta Cavallini Le nouvelles inventions di Philibert de l'Orme 2009
  7. see the article of the same name in the French Wikipedia. St. Maur and the completely destroyed castle are in the Val-de-Marne department.

plant

buildings

Furthermore, Philibert Delorme is credited with the design of the rood screen for the parish church of Saint-Étienne-du-Mont (Paris), with no clear evidence so far , whose spiral staircases and openwork stone railings are remarkably similar to those of the Anet castle.

Fonts

  • Nouvelles inventions pour bien bastir et a petits fraiz, trouvées n'agueres par Philibert de L'orme, Lyonnois, Architecte, Conseiller & Aulmonier ordinaire du feu Roy Henry, & Abbé de St Èloy les Noyon frais , Paris 1561. doi : 10.3931 / e-rara-7 . (Later form books 10 and 11 of the work listed below)
  • Le premier tome de l'architecture de Philibert de l'Orme conseillier et aumosnier ordinaire du Roy, & abbé de S. Serge lez Angiers . Paris 1567 ( doi : 10.3931 / e-rara-15161 ). Paris 1568 ( online on Gallica ).
    • Later editions:
    • Architecture de Philibert de l'Orme: oeuvre entiere contenant onze livres, augmentée de deux; & autres figures non encores veuës, tant pour desseins qu'ornemens de maison, avec une belle invention pour bien bastir, & à petits fraiz: tres-utile pour tous architectes, & maîstres iurez audit art, usans de la regle & compas . Paris 1626. doi : 10.3931 / e-rara-368 .
    • Architecture de Philibert de l'Orme: oeuvre entière contenant unze livres, augmentée de deux; et autres figures non encores veues, tant pour desseins qu'ornemens de maison, avec une belle invention pour bien bastir, et à petits frais: très utile pour tous architectes, et maistres iurez audit art, usant de la regle et compas . Rouen 1648 doi : 10.3931 / e-rara-19158 .

Reprints and modern editions:

  • Le 1er. tome de l'Architecture , 1567, subdivided into 9 books , reissued by Mardaga, Brussels 1981 after the edition Rouen 1648
  • Oeuvres , Gregg, Farnborough (Hampshire) 1964, reprinted after the Rouen 1648 edition

literature

  • Anthony Blunt : Philibert de l'Orme . Electa, Milan 1997, ISBN 88-435-5442-5 , ( Documenti di architettura 105).
  • Alba Ceccarelli Pellegrino: Le 'bon architecte' de Philibert de l'Orme . Schena, Fasano 1996, ISBN 88-7514-802-3 .
  • Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos: Philibert de l'Orme, architecte du roi 1514-1570 . Mengès, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-85620-408-2 .
  • Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos: La charpente à la Philibert De l'Orme. Réflexions sur la fortune des techniques en architecture (XVIe-XVIIe siècles) . In Jean Guillaume (ed.): Les chantiers de la Renaissance. Actes des colloques tenus à Tours en 1983-1984 . Picard, Paris 1991, ISBN 2-7084-0406-7 , pp. 27-50, ( Collection De Architectura Colloques 4), (French).
  • Jean Prévost: Philibert Delorme . 6th edition. Gallimard, Paris 1948.
  • Catharine Randall: Building codes. The aesthetics of Calvinism in early modern Europe . University of Pennsylvania Press, Pennsylvania 1999, ISBN 0-8122-3490-1 , ( New cultural studies ), pp. 78-137.
  • Niklas Naehrig: Wise, learned and experienced. Philibert Delorme and the Architectural Responsibility in the French Renaissance . gta Verlag, Zurich 2016, ISBN 978-3-85676-359-6 .

Web links

Commons : Philibert Delorme  - collection of images, videos and audio files