Pierre Magnol
Pierre Magnol (born June 8, 1638 in Montpellier , † May 21, 1715 ibid) was a French botanist . He created the concept of the family in biological systematics and is regarded as the forerunner of Carl von Linné . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " Magnol ".
Life
Pierre Magnol grew up in the city of his birth and stayed there for most of his life. He was raised in a religious pharmacist family and brought up in the tradition of Calvinism . His father Claude and grandfather Jean Magnol had already been pharmacists . The maternal grandfather was a doctor. While the eldest brother Cesar took over his father's pharmacy, Pierre Magnol wanted to become a doctor. Therefore, on May 19, 1655, he began studying medicine and botany at the university in his hometown. He finished his studies in January 1659 with a doctorate and immediately turned to botany. After completing his studies, Magnol undertook various journeys through Languedoc , Provence , the Alps and the Pyrenees in order to expand his botanical knowledge through his own experience.
Because of his religious beliefs, his professional advancement was hindered. When the position of a demonstrator for plants was to be filled in Montpellier in 1664 , Magnol was passed over, as was a professorship for medicine, which was to be filled in 1667. Therefore, he converted to the Catholic faith in 1685.
In 1694 he took over the chair of medicine and botany and in 1696 the management of the royal botanical garden in his hometown. Magnol became one of the founding fathers of the Société Royale des Sciences de Montpellier (1706) and, in 1709, for a short time a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences . He regrouped the plants according to their morphological characteristics and entered into a lively exchange with important botanists of his time, including John Ray , William Sherard and James Petiver (England), Paul Hermann and Petrus Houttuyn ( Leiden ), Jan Commelin (Amsterdam) , JH Lavater ( Zurich ) and J. Salvador ( Barcelona ).
His students included the brothers Antoine and Bernard de Jussieu .
Honor taxon
Charles Plumier named in his honor the genus Magnolia plant family Magnoliaceae (Magnoliaceae). Carl von Linné later took over this name.
Works
- Botanicum Monspeliense, sive Plantarum circa Monspelium nascentium index. (Lyon, 1676)
- Botanicum Monspeliense, sive Plantarum circa Monspelium nascentium index. Adduntur variarum plantarum descriptiones et icones. Cum appendice quae plantas de novo repertas continet et errata emendat. (Montpellier, 1686)
- Prodromus historiae generalis plantarum, in quo familiae plantarum per tabulas disponuntur. (Montpellier, 1689)
- Hortus regius Monspeliense, sive Catalogus plantarum quae in Horto Regio Monspeliensi demonstrantur. (Montpellier, 1697)
- Novus caracter [sic] plantarum, in duo tractatus divisus: primus, de herbis & subfructibus, secundus, de fructibus & arboribus. (Montpellier, 1720) - published posthumously by his son Antoine Magnol (1676–1759).
Individual evidence
- ^ List of members since 1666: Letter M. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 17, 2020 (French).
- ^ Charles Plumier: Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera . Leiden 1703, p. 38f.
- ^ Carl von Linné: Critica Botanica . Leiden 1737, p. 93
- ↑ Carl von Linné: Genera Plantarum . Leiden 1742, p. 254
Web links
- Author entry and list of the described plant names for Pierre Magnol at the IPNI
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Magnol, Pierre |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French botanist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 8, 1638 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Montpellier |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 21, 1715 |
| Place of death | Montpellier |