Pseudovanilla

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Pseudovanilla
Pseudovanilla foliata, illustration

Pseudovanilla foliata , illustration

Systematics
Monocots
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Vanilloideae
Tribe : Vanilleae
Genre : Pseudovanilla
Scientific name
Pseudovanilla
Garay

Pseudovanilla is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). It contains eight types of herbaceous plants that are native to Southeast Asia and Australia.

description

The species of the genus Pseudovanilla are terrestrial climbing plants. The shoot is hairless, round in cross-section, a root arises at each node . The roots can be thickened club-shaped, sometimes they are branched. The shoot is yellowish to orange in young plants, and green in older ones. There are no leaves , they are reduced to scale-like lower leaves . Especially at the base of flowering parts of the shoot, these can also be enlarged and almost like a leaf. Young plants are strongly mycoheterotrophic , older plants self- assimilate to a limited extent.

The inflorescence is a panicle and bears up to 150 resupinated flowers . The flowers are greenish to yellow, the lip is stronger and more contrasting in color. The petals are not fused together, of a somewhat fleshy texture, widely spread out. Sepals and petals are roughly the same shape, the petals are somewhat narrower. The lip is fused to some extent with the column and forms a nectarium with it . The front part of the lip is rounded, spread out, with a wavy edge. The lip is covered with different hairs and papillae, and two fleshy keels run in the middle. The column is curved, short, thin, thickened too slightly towards the front, it is hairless. The stamen is barely surrounded by tissue of the column (clinandrium), it is hood-shaped, somewhat square in outline, bent downwards opposite the column axis. The stamen is indistinctly two-chambered, the two pollinia are in turn divided into two, they are of a grainy-powdery consistency. The capsule fruit is elongated, it contains numerous seeds . These are 1.7 × 1.3 millimeters in size, flat, and winged around the spherical embryo. The wing is deeply cut on one side so that the seed resembles a lily pad in outline.

distribution

Pseudovanilla is common in Indonesia, New Guinea, the Philippines, some islands in the Pacific, and northeast Australia. The individual species each have a very limited area. The locations are in damp, shady places, all species grow on very humus rich soils or on rotting wood.

Systematics and botanical history

Pseudovanilla foliata in New Guinea

Pseudovanilla is classified within the subfamily Vanilloideae in the tribe Vanilleae . The closest related genus is Erythrorchis , sister group to these two genera is Cyrtosia .

Pseudovanilla was first described by Leslie A. Garay in 1986 . The name pseudovanilla comes from the Greek ψεῦδος pseudo , "false" and the generic name Vanilla , it refers to the superficial similarity to the genus Vanilla . The species of the genus Pseudovanilla were already known before Garay's publication, but belonged to other genera (mainly Galeola , but also Vanilla and Erythrorchis ).

The following eight species belong to the genus Pseudovanilla :

supporting documents

Most of the information in this article comes from:

  • Jim B. Comber: Orchids of Java . Bentham-Moxon Trust, Kew 1990, ISBN 0-947643-21-4 , pp. 74 .
  • Leslie A. Garay: Olim Vanillaceae . In: Botanical Museum Leaflets (Harvard University) . tape 30 , 1986, pp. 234-236 ( botanicus.org ).
  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 2). Vanilloideae . tape 3/2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 319-321 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Pseudovanilla. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved April 2, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Pseudovanilla  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
 Wikispecies: Pseudovanilla  - Species Directory