Whorled caraway seeds

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Whorled caraway seeds
Whorled Caraway (Carum verticillatum) - geograph.org.uk - 1431105.jpg

Whorled caraway ( Carum verticillatum )

Systematics
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Tribe : Careae
Genre : Caraway ( Carum )
Type : Whorled caraway seeds
Scientific name
Carum verticillatum
( L. ) Cook

The Quirlblättrige Kümmel ( Carum verticillatum ), also called Quirl-Kümmel , is a species of the genus Caraway ( Carum ) within the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).

description

illustration

The whorl-leaved caraway grows as a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 60 centimeters. The stem is hardly branched and has a tuft of fibers at the bottom. The fleshy, thickened roots are "tufted". The basal leaves are simply pinnate, cylindrical in outline, with 25 to 30 pairs of whorled, very finely divided leaflets. The leaf sheath of the stem leaves does not have any pairs of leaflets.

The flowering period extends from July to August. The double-gold inflorescence is up to twelve-rayed. The envelope and envelope are many-leaved. The flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold.

The double achane is 2.5 to 4 millimeters long and clearly ribbed.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.

Occurrence

In Central Europe, the whorled caraway occurs in Holland , Belgium and Alsace ; there and in the Dombes north of Lyon is the eastern limit of its range. It used to occur in Germany on the Upper and Lower Rhine ; But one can hardly hope for a re- naturalization there. The entire distribution area includes the countries Morocco, Portugal, Spain, Andorra, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, Croatia and Germany.

The whorl-leaved caraway thrives best on temporarily moist, even wet, boggy , peaty , sandy or clayey soils in locations with constantly high humidity and a mild climate . It avoids lime and populates alternating wet, boggy meadows . It is a character species of the Caro-Juncetum acutiflori from the Juncion acutiflori association.

Taxonomy

The Quirlblättrige Kümmel ( Carum verticillatum (L.) WDJKoch ) has numerous synonyms: Trocdaris verticillatum (L.) Raf. , Sison verticillatum L. , Seseli verticillatum (L.) Crantz , Sium verticillatum (L.) Lam. , Bunium verticillatum (L.) Gren. & Godr. , Pimpinella verticillata (L.) Jess. , Apium verticillatum (L.) Caruel , Selinum verticillatum (L.) EHLKrause .

literature

  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen (greeting), Siegmund Seybold : The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants. 95th completely revised u. exp. Edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Rothmaler : Excursion flora from Germany. 20th revised edition, Vascular Plants Baseline, 2011, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). 2nd, corrected and enlarged edition. Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag, 2nd revised edition 1994, 2000, Volume 3, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  710 .
  2. ^ R. Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Carum

Web links

Commons : Quirlblättrige Caraway ( Trocdaris verticillatum )  - Collection of images