RŽD series ВЛ65
| SŽD series ВЛ65 (WL65) | |
|---|---|
 ВЛ65.027
|
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| Numbering: | SŽD ВЛ65.001-048 |
| Number: | 48 |
| Manufacturer: | Electric locomotive factory Novocherkassk |
| Year of construction (s): | 1992-1998 |
| Axis formula : | Bo'Bo'Bo ' |
| Gauge : | 1,520 mm |
| Smallest bef. Radius: | 125 m (at 10 km / h) |
| Service mass: | 138 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 23 t |
| Top speed: | 120 km / h |
| Hourly output : | 5,020 kW |
| Continuous output : | 4,680 kW |
| Starting tractive effort: | 245 kN |
| Power system : | 25 kV 50 Hz ~ |
| Number of traction motors: | 6th |
The SŽD series ВЛ65 (German transcription WL 65) of the Soviet Railways (SŽD) is a series of six-axle electric locomotives for operation on main roads with alternating current . They were developed from the ВЛ85 and are considered the single-section variant of this series. They were delivered by the Novocherkassk electric locomotive factory between 1992 and 1999 and are the replacement for the outdated ВЛ60 .
construction
Mechanical part
As with the ВЛ85, the box of the locomotive is supported by three two-axle bogies. The outer bogies are connected to the locomotive body with the usual suspensions, the middle bogie supports the locomotive body via supports with hinge connections. These supports are very long and guarantee a large lateral deflection of the bogie, which considerably improves the locomotive's arching. As with the ВЛ85, the forces for acceleration and deceleration are transmitted via inclined connectors. Compared to this series, they have been reworked because the friction values of the ВЛ85 were not optimal. The suspension has also been revised; it is a sliding suspension and is supported by helical springs on the abutments instead of leaf springs . The suspension also has hydraulic dampers and vibration dampers to dampen vertical vibrations.
As with the ВЛ80 and ВЛ85, the suspension of the traction drive motors is designed in a pawl bearing design . The suspension of the ВЛ65.016 was carried out on a trial basis with the new traction drive motors НБ-520 ( NB-520 ) in support-frame suspension. The further adaptation of the construction stood under the adaptation of the series to the electric locomotive ЭП1 .
drive
The locomotives have the traction drive motors НБ-514 ( NB-514 ). They are the same as in the SŽD series ВЛ85 . Three motors are combined in parallel in a group . There are two groups in total, each of which is fed via its rectifier-inverter converter ( ВИП ( WIP )). This is made up of thyristors . The control of the force scheme is carried out as with the ВЛ80 p and ВЛ85 . The transformer has four leads. Each lead has its own group of thyristors . This led to a doubling of the number of thyristors but increased the reliability of the locomotive. Systems based on thyratron discharge analogous to thyristors are used for fine adjustment .
control
In the system of management of the electric locomotive the block БАУ-2 ( BAU-2 ) is used. It supplies the start of the electric locomotive up to the specified speed and with specified current, which corresponds to the acceleration. The machine operator selects the speed with a special lever located under the reverser. The block БАУ-2 also supplies the automatic waste heat recovery of the resistance brake at low speeds, where the effect of the waste heat recovery is only slight, as well as the multiple control .
The administration chain is operated with 50 V DC . As an experiment, a microprocessor system management of the traction motors was used on the ВЛ65.021 , after revisions this was used in the series locomotives of the ЭП1 series .
Auxiliary machines
The auxiliary machines consist of four motor fans, two motor compressors and a motor pump for the transformer oil. Three-phase current with a voltage of 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz is used for their supply . The motor pump of the type 4ТТ-63 was taken over from the ВЛ85 without modification , the motors for the compressors and fans are new designs of the type НВА-55 ( NWA-55 ). They are four-pole machines. In the past, phase switches were used on the locomotives of the Novocherkassk electric locomotive factory , while a capacitor scheme is used on the VL65 .
The compressed air for the brake system is generated by two high-speed compressors of the type ВУ-3,5 ( WU-3,5 ), these were also used on the industrial version of the diesel locomotive ТЭМ7 . The motor fans are rotating single-axis machines. The motor fan No. 1 cools the ВИП No. 1 and the traction motors of the first bogie, the motor fan No. 2 cools the ВИП No. 2 and the traction motors of the third bogie, the motor fan No. 3 the rectifier unit of excitation, the traction transformer and the Traction drive motors of the middle bogie, the motor fan no. 4 the block of the ballast reversal, which is responsible for the restriction of the current of the traction drive motors in the mode of the resistance brake .
Delivery, rescheduling and coloring of the locomotives
A total of 48 locomotives were delivered in the series. ВЛ65.001 and ВЛ65.002 were from the factory in the depot Bataisk delivered, the ВЛ65.003 and ВЛ65.004 worked primarily to 1998 in the depot Krasnoufimsk the Gorky Railway , later she went to the depot Nizhneudinsk and on to the depot Irkutsk the Vostochno-Sibirskaya zheleznaja doroga and Belogorsk the Sabaikalskaja seleznaja doroga . Later they followed the other locomotives of the series, so that in autumn 2006 primarily 3/5 of all locomotives of the series ВЛ65 were in the Kartaly depot of the Yuzhno-Uralskaya schelesnaja doroga , a smaller part was in the Severobaikalsk depot of the Vostochno-Sibirskaya schelesnaja doroga and only one, number 016, was still in the Belogorsk depot of Sabaikalskaya seleznaja doroga.
The locomotive ВЛ65.001 was delivered from the factory in the then standard colors for domestic locomotives, in green. After the first revision it got a white color. The locomotives up to the ВЛ65.003 were also given this color. After the ВЛ65.004 the electric locomotives were delivered in red. The locomotives with inventory numbers 005 , 018 and 024 are an exception . They are currently in the Irkutsk depot and have been given a blue color with the additional writing Байкал . The locomotives with inventory numbers 013 and 023 had the inscription Россия on the front . Only the locomotive with inventory number 001 kept a white paint scheme until the mid-2000s , the rest were painted red. In the middle of 2007 the Kartaly depot began painting all locomotives in green, and in mid-2008 all ВЛ65 in Severobaikalsk were running in white and blue.
Electric passenger locomotive ЭП1
On the basis of the ВЛ65 electric locomotive , the ЭП1 passenger locomotive was created; it had the following differences from the basic version:
- new traction drive motors НБ-520 ( NB-520 ) were used, which were carried out with the support-frame suspension, which reduced the load on the tracks by the locomotive and, conversely, the load on the drive motors by the superstructure.
- The transmission ratio of the drive was changed, which increased the design speed to 140 km / h with a simultaneous reduction in tractive force. This enabled the locomotive to be used to transport fast and heavy passenger trains.
- Removal of the possibility of multiple controls and removal of the rosette under the buffer beam
- the possibility of the motor fans and motor pump working at low speeds with reduced power appeared. It was applied with a voltage of 90 V and a frequency of 16 2/3 Hz from a static converter. That was more economical and made the noise less
- With the inventory number 029 , the drive of the motor compressor НВА-55 ( NWA-55 ) was replaced by the eight-pole НВА-22 ( NWA-22 ), which allowed the compressor to be operated at low speed.
- Two computers were used to control the electric locomotive - a main and a backup computer, they ensured the control and management of the electric locomotive.
ВЛ65-027 in the Krasnoyarsk station
Cabin of the ВЛ65-005
Driving switch of the ВЛ65-028
