Small mignonette
| Small mignonette | ||||||||||||
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Small Resede ( Reseda phyteuma ) |
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| Reseda phyteuma | ||||||||||||
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The small Resede ( Reseda phyteuma ), also Rapunzel Resede , devil's claw Resede or Tangled-wow called, is a plant of the genus Reseda in the family of mignonette (Resedaceae).
description
Vegetative characteristics
The small mignonette is an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 40 centimeters. The simple leaves are arranged alternately. The lower leaves are spatula-shaped and undivided, the upper leaves are usually split in three.
Generative characteristics
The flowering period in Central Europe extends from May to September . The inflorescence contains 15 to 25 flowers. The flower stalks are at least 2.5 millimeters long.
The mostly hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . The six sepals are greatly enlarged at the time the fruit is ripe and then up to 10 millimeters long. The six petals are whitish and pinnately slit. There are 7 to 25, with individual specimens up to 40 stamens . The upper ovary is single-fan. One stylus is missing.
The hanging capsule fruit is 10 to 16 millimeters in length, cylindrical, obovate, and ovoid.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12 or 24.
ecology
The small mignonette is a therophyte .
Occurrence and endangerment
The small mignonette is widespread in Europe and the Mediterranean region. In the German-speaking area, it is at home in Austria and Switzerland . In Germany it occurs only as an inconsistent neophyte .
In Austria, the small mignonette occurs very rarely and only in the Pannonian area of the federal states of Lower Austria and Burgenland . Only inconsistent occurrences are known from Upper Austria and Styria , the species is extinct in Vienna and Salzburg . The small mignonette is considered endangered in Austria.
In Central Europe, the small mignonette thrives on warm, dry fields, in vineyards, on walls and ruderal areas in the colline to submontane altitude range .
Systematics
Reseda phyteuma was first published by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , 1, p. 449. The specific epithet phyteuma means devil's claw-like.
One can distinguish two subspecies in Europe:
- Reseda phyteuma L. subsp. phyteuma
- Reseda phyteuma subsp. rupestris (Lange) Aránega & Pajarón : It only occurs in Spain.
Individual evidence
- ^ Reseda phyteuma L., Rapunzel-Resede. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ↑ a b c d e Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursions flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 664 .
- ^ Reseda phyteuma at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Entry at The Euro + Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .
- ^ Reseda phyteuma at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 5, 2017.
literature
- Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 664 .
Web links
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Reseda phyteuma L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 29, 2015.
- Entry in botany in the picture of the Natural History Museum Vienna.
- Günther Blaich: data sheet with photos.
- Flora Vascular datasheet .