Richard Hartmann (Orientalist)

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Richard Hartmann (born June 8, 1881 in Neunkirchen , † February 5, 1965 in East Berlin ) was a German orientalist . He published works on Arabic and Islamic studies , many of which the Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft (DMG) published in their magazine (ZDMG).

life and work

From 1899 to 1904 Hartmann studied Protestant theology at the University of Tübingen . After completing the theological exam, he moved to Berlin and studied oriental studies for a year at the university there with Friedrich Delitzsch , Hugo Winckler , Adolf Erman and Martin Hartmann . In 1905 he returned to Tübingen, initially took over the position of an unskilled worker at the university library there and received his doctorate in January 1907. In 1914 he received his habilitation in Kiel as a student of Georg Jacob . He received appointments to the University of Leipzig (1918), University of Königsberg (1922), University of Heidelberg (1926), University of Göttingen (1930) and finally in 1936 to the University of Berlin. In 1931 he was elected a full member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences . On April 29, 1939, he was accepted as a full member of the Academy of Sciences . From September 28, 1940 until "after the end of the war" he was Vice Chairman of the DMG. In April 1947 he was appointed director of the newly founded Institute for Orient Research and held this position until 1956, when he was succeeded by Hermann Grapow . On August 30, 1950 he was made an honorary member of the DMG.

From 1910 Hartmann worked for the Encyclopedia of Islam and from 1935 to 1961 took over the editing of the Orientalist literary newspaper , which ceased its publication in 1944 and began to appear again in 1953.

The Mullah School Dresden

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In 1944 Hartmann, together with his student Bertold Spuler, was the contact person for the SS for Islamic religion courses, which were supposed to turn Soviet prisoners of war into religiously “solidified” Nazi fighters against the Soviets. The degree of "voluntariness" when overflowing is controversial. Spuler (as a non-Muslim) was the teacher. The two orientalists acted as part of a “ Turkestan Working Group ” of the SS, section “Islam” (there were other sections, e.g. regional studies; agriculture and climate; etc.). The leading SS-Obersturmbannführer Reiner Olzscha reported on it in detail after the war. One of the main figures in this training of field mullahs was the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Amin al-Husseini , who wanted to realize his pan-Islamic ideas here. His friend Gottlob Berger took care of the institutional security. In Olzscha's perspective, the project turned out to be a flop by the end of the war; the "students" to the field mullah had wanted to avoid the harsh conditions in the prison camp or a direct Nazi fight; they were predominantly irreligious and saw through the "theater". After the bombing of Dresden , the seat of the Mullah School and the AG, some of them disappeared, another marauded until the remaining 20 men were finally evacuated to Munich , where after 1945 they took the core of an active group of "Muslim expellees" the protection of the local state government.

Fonts

  • The Mufti Amin al-Husseini . in Zeitschrift für Politik Vol. 31, H. 7, 1941, pp. 430–439
  • as ed. together with Helmuth Scheel: Contributions to Arabic studies, Semitic studies and Islamic studies. Series: Deutsche Orientforschung Harrasowitz, Leipzig 1944
  • On the idea of ​​the "Congress" in the reform efforts of the Islamic Orient. in Zs. "Die Welt des Islams" 23, Heft 3/4, 1941. P. 122ff. Edited by Georg Kampffmeyer
  • Jakub Kadri. A modern Turkish narrator. ibid. 5, no. 4, 1917 (Subtitle: Journal of the German Society for Islamic Studies) Online
  • Islam and Nationalism. Berlin 1948
  • To reproduce Turkish names and words in Byzantine sources. Treatises of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin , Class for Languages, Literature & Art, 6th - Academy, Berlin 1962
  • Palestine under the Arabs 632–1516. Leipzig 1915
  • In the new Anatolia. Travel impressions. Publishing house of the JC Hinrichs'schen Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1928.
  • The religion of Islam. An introduction. Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1944 (new edition of the Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt, 1987)
  • On the prehistory of the Abbasid sham Khalifate of Cairo. Treatises of the German Academy of Sciences in Berlin. Philosophical-historical class. Born in 1947, No. 9. Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1950.

literature

  • Albert Dietrich : Richard Hartmann, June 8, 1881 - February 5, 1965. in: Yearbook of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1965, pp. 74–82.

Web links

notes

  1. ^ Richard Hartmann (Orientalist) in the professorial catalog of the University of Leipzig | catalogus professorum lipsiensium
  2. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 105.
  3. ↑ Formulation from his obituary in the ZDMG, the first MV after the war did not exist until 1948 for the "re-establishment" in Mainz, as long as the executive committee was in office from 1940. Apparently he was not re-elected here, although it is not explicitly in the minutes. The DMG was (re) established under French occupation law and only later became legally valid as a nationwide e. V.
  4. ↑ unclear, see following note.
  5. ↑ online This source calls him "Chairman", not "Second V." In such an honor, a prescription is very unlikely
  6. ↑ full text in English; Hartmann passim The Study of Religion and the Training of Muslim Clergy in Europe. Academic & religious freedom in the 21st century. Eds. Willem B. Drees & Pieter Sjoerd van Koningsveld. Leiden UP 2008 ISBN 9789087280253 , pp. 333ff. Presentation in Engl., Pp. 348–368 Olzscha's statement in German. Of course, post-war statements always had the problem that they were strongly guided by interests .-- The author cites further references on the Turkestan AG. Source: Federal Archives Zehlendorf - also as print.
  7. ↑ only page 1 additional pages subject to a charge or only for attached Institutions
  8. ↑ scroll to the bottom fifth of the page
personal data
SURNAME Hartmann, Richard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German orientalist
DATE OF BIRTH June 8, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Neunkirchen
DATE OF DEATH February 5, 1965
Place of death Berlin